A writer who writes poems and words related to Jiangxi

Huang Tingjian: (1045- 1 105), whose real name was Fu Weng, also known as Mr. Huang, was born in Fenning, Hongzhou (now Xiushui, Zhang Yu and Hongzhou in Jiangxi were originally named Nanchang). Poet, lyricist and calligrapher in the Northern Song Dynasty, one of the three major schools of poetry in Jiangxi.

Complain about one's feelings

Moving is a wave, and ten thousand waves follow the bamboo hat. The brocade scale is deep, so must thousands of feet.

It's too late to swallow saliva. Shui Han Jiang Jing is full of green hills and the moon is bright.

idyll

Riding cattle and piccolo blowing through the village thousands of villages away.

How many Chang 'an fame and fortune guests, organ failure is not as good as jun.

It's just Jingjiang Pavilion's illness.

The old Fu Bo of calligraphy, the sick Vimo of Bodhi Square.

There are no seagulls and herons in the water near people, and sometimes cows have their noses floating.

Close the door and find a way to say that Chen has no selfishness and spends money on his guests.

I don't know if I have enough food and clothing, but the west wind blows tears and Gu Teng.

Wang Chongdao sent fifty daffodils.

Fairy Ling Bo gave birth to dust socks. She walked lightly on the water.

Who recruited this heartbroken soul and planted it as a cold flower to send sorrow?

Sweet body wants beauty, and mountain alum is the younger brother.

Sitting is really annoying, and I laugh when I go out.

Ouyang xiu (1007 ~ 1072) was a politician and writer in the northern song dynasty. One of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties. The word uncle Yong, drunk Weng, sixty-one layman. People from Yongfeng, Jizhou (now Jiangxi).

Ouyang Xiu lost his father at an early age and studied under the care of his widowed mother. Injong Tiansheng eight years (1030) Jinshi. In the third year of Li Qing (1043), Fan Zhongyan, Han Qi, Fu Bi and others promoted the "Qingli New Deal", and Ouyang Xiu participated in the innovation and put forward the idea of reforming the official administration, military affairs and tribute law. In five years, Fan, Han and Fu were successively demoted, and Ouyang Xiu was also demoted as the magistrate of Chuzhou (now Chuzhou, Anhui). Later, Yangzhou, Yingzhou (now Fuyang, Anhui) and Yingtianfu (now Shangqiu, Henan) were also known. In August, the first year of He Zhi (1054), he entered Beijing with a letter, and he was a fellow of Song Qi's New Tang Book. In February of the second year of Jiayou (1057), Ouyang Xiu presided over the Jinshi examination as a bachelor of Hanlin, advocated plain writing style, and admitted Su Shi, Su Zhe, Ceng Gong and others. This has a great influence on the change of writing style in the Northern Song Dynasty. In the fifth year of Jiayou (1060), Ouyang Xiu paid homage to the parliament. The following year, he was appointed to participate in political affairs. Later, he successively served as the minister of punishments and the minister of war. In the second year of Zong Shenxi Ning (1069), Wang Anshi implemented the new law. Ouyang xiu opposed the young crops law and did not implement it. In June of the fourth year of Xining (107 1), he resigned as Prince Shao Shi and lived in Yingzhou. A pawn is Wen Zhong.

Ouyang Xiu was the leader of the poetry innovation movement in the Northern Song Dynasty. His literary achievements are the highest and most influential in his prose. He inherited the spirit of Han Yu's ancient prose movement and put forward Ming Dow's prose theory. He adopted the spirit of Han Yu's Preface to Literature, strongly advocated simple, neat, smooth and natural writing, and opposed flashy carving and eccentricity. He not only set out from reality, but also set an example with his outstanding creative achievements.

A butterfly in love with flowers

Song? Ouyang Xiu

How deep is the yard?

Willows pile up smoke, ③

Curtains have no multiplicity.

Yu le Diao an Xun ye Chu (4)

The building is too high to see Zhangtai Road. ⑤

March storm,

The door covered the dusk,

There is no plan to stay in spring.

Tears ask flowers,

Red flies over the swing. ⑥

② How much: How much. ③ Smoke accumulation: describe the dense willows. Yule: Jade horse title. Carved saddle: Carved saddle. Youyechu: refers to the brothel in Gelou. ⑤ Zhangtai: the name of Chang 'an Street in Han Dynasty. In ancient times, Zhangtai was a place where geisha lived together. 6 red: fallen flowers.

Appreciation and inspiration:

The most prominent feature of the word "Late Spring is always in my heart" is to hint and contrast the characters' thoughts through the description of the environment, and to express the unspeakable inner pain of aristocratic young women living in claustrophobia in a tortuous way. The "yard" is deep, the "curtains" are heavy, and it is also a "willow pile of smoke". It describes the gloomy, secluded and isolated environment in which young women live, and shows the heroine's physical and mental repression and imprisonment. The three words "deep" overlap, and writing it is banned, which is similar to the pain of being imprisoned. It not only implies the loneliness of the heroine, but also has a deep feeling of resentment. Therefore, Li Qingzhao was greatly praised, and once drafted his language as "Deep Courtyard". Obviously, the heroine's material life is rich. But her mental pain is self-evident. The following sentence in "Jade Music Carving Saddle" shows the ruthless ravages of reality on her soul step by step: her lover is unlucky, but she doesn't return; Spring goes and spring comes, and time is like water. At the end of the article, I asked myself tearfully. Hua didn't speak and didn't shy away from answering. Flying Flowers Over the Swing shows her fate more clearly than words. Flowers in tears are like flowers, and people are like flowers. In the end, flowers are inseparable from people, and it is difficult to avoid the fate of being abandoned.

Pick mulberry seeds? Ouyang Xiu

The sunset glow shines on the West Lake, and the flower dock is beautiful. Ten hectares level, no boat on the wild shore. The southwest moon is floating, and the porch is cool. Lotus Qing Xiang, water wind sobers up.

This word describes the beautiful scenery of Yingzhou West Lake, with ten hectares of Boping and lotus Qing Xiang, and expresses the poet's interest in caring about mountains and rivers. The whole poem is lyrical on the spot, with clear poetic style and light and peaceful artistic conception, which gives people a high artistic enjoyment. "Sunset and sunset" is the time when the sky will be late but not late, and the sun has set but it is not over yet. I don't know how many poets have sung this fleeting golden moment. Ouyang Xiu did not directly write about the beauty of the scenery, but said that "summer" is "incomplete", so there is no such gorgeous color as "melting gold" and "merging together". But at this time, the West Lake, the author feels "good". The good thing is "Hua Wu Ping Ting". What you see in the sunset glow is a flower planted in a flower pond, an apple grass growing by the water or on a small continent. There is no word for love, but love is in the scene. "Ten hectares of flat waves" is what Ouyang Xiu wrote in another poem "Picking Mulberry Seeds". The waves are as smooth as a mirror, and this "mirror" is boundless. "No one crosses the boat on the wild shore" comes from Wei's poem Xixi Chuzhou. The author changed the word "crossing" to "shore", indicating that "boating by oneself" was due to the end of the lake tour that day, so this kind of "unmanned" and "boating by oneself" set off the tranquility of "wild shore" at the moment.

In this poem, Ou Gong tried to forget the ups and downs of his official career by laughing at Hu Shan, and expressed his interest in treating wealth like a floating cloud. These words are simple but expressive.

Huanxisha

A new song and a glass of wine, the weather was old last year.

When will the sunset come back? There is nothing to do. Flowers fall,

Deja vu, Yan returns. Wandering alone in the small garden, fragrant path.

Appreciation: Although this word contains the meaning of hurting spring and cherishing time, it is actually an expression of emotion. On the top of the word, the combination of ancient and modern, the superposition of time and space, focusing on thinking about the past; The following film skillfully borrows the scenery in front of us and focuses on today's sadness. The language of the whole word is fluent, popular and fluent, beautiful and natural, with profound implications, inspiring and intriguing. The profound thinking on the life of the universe in Ci gives people philosophical enlightenment and artistic aesthetic enjoyment.

Start with the sentence "a new word and a glass of wine, the weather was old last year". Write about the present situation of drinking and listening to songs. From the complex sentence patterns and light and smooth tone, we can realize that the poet started with a relaxed and happy mood and a carefree attitude when facing the present situation. However, while listening to and drinking, this situation unexpectedly triggered memories of a similar realm of "last year": it was the same weather in late spring as this year, facing the same pavilions, songs and wine as before. But under the appearance that everything seems to be static, it is obvious that something has changed irreversibly, that is, the long-lost years and a series of personnel related to them. So the poet could not help but pour out such a sigh from the bottom of his heart: "When does the sun set?" Sunset is a beautiful prospect. However, what the poet caused was nostalgia for the beautiful scenery, disappointment for the passage of time, and faint hope for the reappearance of beautiful things.

"It has nothing to do with flowers, it seems to meet Yan." "Yi Lian Gong" is skillful, fluent and implicit, which shows the poet's ingenious thinking and deep affection in using function words to form neat antithesis and vividly sing and sigh, which is also the reason why this word is famous. But what is worth pondering is the meaning of this couplet. The fading of flowers, the disappearance of spring and the passage of time are irresistible natural laws. Although it is useless to regret lingering, they all say "helpless", which is inherited as "the sun sets"; However, in this late spring weather, I feel not only helpless disappearance, but also gratifying reappearance. Isn't the returning swallow dancing like an old acquaintance who built a nest here last year? This sentence should be "when will you come back". Although Flower Falls and Yan Hui are also prospects, once they are associated with "helplessness" and "deja vu", their connotations become very extensive and have the symbolic significance of beautiful things. In the interweaving of regret and comfort, there is a certain philosophy of life: all the good things that are bound to disappear can't stop them from disappearing, but at the same time, there are still good things reappearing, and life will not become nothingness because of disappearance. It's just that this reappearance doesn't mean the reappearance of beautiful things intact, but "deja vu".

The fundamental reason why this word is popular and widely read is its thoughtful love. These words seem to inadvertently describe common phenomena, but they have philosophical significance and inspire people to think about the universe and life from a higher level. Ci involves such a profound thought that time is eternal and life is limited, but it is very implicit.

A butterfly in love with flowers

The threshold chrysanthemum worries about smoke and tears, the curtain is light and cold, and the swallows fly away.

The bright moon doesn't know how to leave sorrow and hate bitterness, and shines obliquely through Zhuhu Lake.

Last night, the west wind withered the green trees, and I went to the tall building alone to see the world.

To send colorful stationery and rulers, I don't know where the mountains are long and the waters are wide!

Appreciation: This is Yan Shu's representative work on boudoir thought. At the top of the poem, use empathy to select the scene in front of you, inject the feelings of the protagonist and point out hatred; The next film comes from hatred, and vividly shows the protagonist's eager expression through high buildings. Wang Guowei compares the three sentences of the word "West Wind Last Night" with those of Ouyang Xiu and Xin Qiji in "The Thorn on Earth", which shows the name of the word. The depth of the whole word is subtle and the breadth is profound.

The first sentence is about the scenery in the autumn garden. Chrysanthemum is covered with a faint layer of smoke and fog, which seems to be full of sadness; Orchids are stained with dew and look like they are sobbing silently. Orchids and chrysanthemums originally contain some figurative colors (such as quiet and clean personality). Here, they are personified by "worrying about smoke" and "weeping dew", moving their subjective feelings to the objective scenery, revealing the sadness of the hostess. Words such as "sorrow" and "cry" have obvious traces, which are different from the elegant language style of Dayan Dictionary, but they have their own functions in expressing feelings, rendering atmosphere, and shaping the image of the hero by borrowing foreign objects.

The second sentence is "the curtain is light and cold, and the swallows fly away." On the morning of the new autumn, a faint chill rippled between the curtains, and the swallows flew away through them. There is no necessary connection between these two phenomena, but in the view of the protagonist who is full of sadness and particularly sensitive to seasons and climate, the swallow seems to have flown away because he can't stand the cold. Here, it is not so much the feeling of swallows as the feeling of people in the curtain, which is not only the physical feeling of early autumn, but also the psychological feeling brought by loneliness.

Calm down. Yan's "Flying Together" shows people's loneliness. These two sentences are purely about objective objects, and the expression is subtle and subtle. The next two sentences, "The bright moon is unfamiliar and bitter, and shines obliquely through Zhuhu Lake." Looking back from this morning to last night, I know that I am "from hate" and my feelings have changed from subtle to strong. The bright moon is an ignorant natural thing. It doesn't know how to stay away from the pain of hate, but only cares about illuminating Zhu Hu. This is natural. In this case, it seems that we should not resent, but we must resent. This accusation seems unreasonable, but it effectively shows the heroine's sleepless scene on the moon and the melancholy touch brought by external things in the suffering of leaving hatred.

"Last night, the west wind withered the green trees, and I went up to the tall building alone and looked at the horizon." After a film, I received Dawn, and then I went back to write Ascending the Mountain and Overlooking it this morning. "Independence" should be "separation from hatred", which embodies "Qi Fei". "Looking at the horizon" was born from a sleepless night with a thin pulse. "The west wind withers the green trees" is not only seen by climbing the stairs, but also contains memories of listening to the west wind falling leaves all night last night. The green trees withered overnight because of the west wind, which shows that the west wind is strong and cold. The word "withered" is spreading the strong feeling given to the protagonist by this remarkable change of nature. The scenery is bleak and people are lonely. With almost no words, the author showed it unexpectedly.

Tasha shop

The path is red and thin, and the fragrance is green. The trees on the high platform are gloomy.

The spring breeze is not lifted, and it is foggy and chaotic.

The green leaves hide the warbler, and the bead curtain separates the swallow. The incense of the stove is still spinning.

When a sad dream woke up, the setting sun shone deeply in the courtyard.

Appreciation: This word describes the scenery in late spring, the first describes the pastoral scenery, the second describes the interior of the courtyard, and finally ends with "the sunset shines into the depths of the courtyard", revealing a touch of sadness.

The first three sentences describe a typical scene of fragrant suburbs in spring dusk: on both sides of the path, flowers are sparse, and occasionally a few residual red petals can be seen; Looking around, I saw that green has spread all over the mountains; Near the high platform, the trees are lush and cool. "Red is thin", "green is everywhere" and "tree shade" indicate that spring has disappeared and the breath of late spring is very strong. Although the three sentences are a quiet scene, the words "rare", "times" and "see" show the process and dynamics of things. From the order of "path", "fragrant suburb" and "high platform", there is also a sense of deformation.

"The spring breeze did not lift the ban on Huayang, which puzzled pedestrians." Huayang wrote a typical late spring scenery. However, when describing this scene, the poet injected his own subjective feelings and wrote that the spring breeze did not know how to restrain Huayang, so that it flew all over the sky and jumped on pedestrians. On the one hand, it implies that I have no intention of staying in spring, so I just need to listen to Huayang dance and send it back to spring; On the other hand, it highlights Yang Shuhua's vigorous vitality. Although the scenery here is written in late spring, there is no decadent mood and it is full of life. "Meng Meng" and "Pu Pu" are very dynamic. The word "pedestrian" reminds me that what I wrote above was what the poet saw in the country.

I read two sentences, "The hidden warbler with green leaves, the pearl curtain separates the swallow", which are divided into outdoor and indoor, one connected to the other and connected to nature. The last sentence says that the green leaves have grown very thick, and the figure of oriole can be hidden, which corresponds to the "shade" in the above picture; Swallows are separated by bamboo curtains and are not allowed to enter the room, which leads to the following description of the indoor scene. With the words "hidden" and "separated", the beautiful scenery of fine trees in early summer and the quiet appearance during the day are vividly written.

Written in such a quiet room, the cigarettes of the incense burner curled up, intertwined with the floating hairspring, and gradually merged together, unable to tell which is the cigarette and which is the hairspring. The words "one by one" and "turn" seem to be dynamic, but in fact they tell the silence of the whole room. There is a word "static" on "11", and the realm has come out.

"When I woke up from a sad dream, the afterglow of the sunset shone deeply into the yard." I jumped away, and I wrote that I woke up at dusk. It turned out that the poet had a little wine at noon because he fell asleep. When he woke up, it was already dusk, and the sunset was shining in this deep Zhumen compound. It is pointed out here that "sad dreams" mean that dreams are related to spring worries. After waking up, the setting sun still shines in the deep courtyard, and it is difficult to entertain in early summer. Predecessors commented that this word has beautiful scenery, focusing on spirit rather than appearance.

Characteristics of Yan Shu's Poetry

He is a poetess with elegant feelings. Because he is in a high position and a prime minister, he often expresses some elegant themes, so his poems are not vulgar language, but more refined brushstrokes to express some feelings of life. He is a classical tradition of "less is more", for example, he wrote a famous sentence about mountains and rivers, "Last night, the west wind adjusted the trees" and "Looking at the world alone in a tall building".

Yan Shu's ci is often an image, and he often quotes Tang poetry into his ci. For example, "Love is just like a willow in spring, which takes up a miserable time". It is difficult to write such a sentimental sentence, so he used a spring willow, which has a great influence on future generations. Everyone read Qin Guan's ci, and the rain kept falling. When he wrote this sorrow, he used rain to express it, so it was an intentional way in Tang poetry in general.

Yan Shu's life experience determines the connotation of his ci, elegant feelings, blunt and thin techniques, and also limits the poet's vision. The theme of Yan Shu's ci is relatively narrow, and he will never have the stormy waves of Dongpo's ci. He writes more about celebrations, hope extensions, birthday parties, and such entertainment works. In addition, even if he writes about landscapes, I find that he often repeats them, and he is the most. Intentionally returning to the beam, the curtain is light and cold, the swallows fly away, and the flowers are helpless. Cen seems to have met Yan and come back. Many swallows, the latter two sentences are poems themselves, so poems are not divided. From this point of view, can we also see that Yan Shu takes poetry as his word? At the same time, Yan Shu likes to write flowers, grass, plum blossoms, drizzle, ending and melancholy.

The Relationship between Yan Shu's Rich Life Experience and His Poetic Style

Because of Yan Shu's outstanding talent, he has successfully achieved high status and wealth, but I often feel his sadness and helplessness in his poems. In fact, Yan Shu is a keen poet, so although his life experience is great, the "impermanence" sadness revealed in his poems is as real and profound as other poets who fail to meet the standards. In his sadness, you can feel a broad-minded hug.

One of Yan Shu's works is not quite in line with her style.

Shantingliu

I live in Xiqin, and I bring my gambling skills. On the willow, the bucket tip is new.

I occasionally learn the tone of Niannujiao, and sometimes I hold back the clouds. Shu brocade is wrapped in countless heads and does not suffer.

Over the years, on Yuxian Road, all you earned was some leftovers from cold meals. Who do you trust when you are in your heart?

Don't hesitate to sing Yangchun if you have a bosom friend. When I finished singing this song, I shed tears in public. Once again, I covered my face with tears and cried.

The style of Yan Shu's poetry has always been calm and harmonious, but this word is full of passion and sorrow. When Yan Shu encounters setbacks, she often shows her rigid personality and is extremely excited. Later, I will feel that the emotional agitation expressed in this poem is not only an exception, but also a necessity. This unique work not only did not shake the foundation of Yan Shu's rational poet, but also provided strong proof.

Ceng Gong (10 19- 1083) was born in Nanfeng (now Jiangxi) of Jianchang Army. After living in Linchuan (now Fuzhou West, Jiangxi). Claiming "Confucian family background",

The poem "Hu Shi" says:

South millet scales are sent to the north, and the north is full of soldiers. When Hu Shi came under the beam, there were no people who bent bows. Depending on the phase, the grand strategy is combined with difficulties. Still begging for poor bones, fighting for food and clothing in the north is gone. The scenery of the Central Plains is eclipsed, and Hu Qi is fat and evil. Kyushu has everything in the world, so why not use the northern corner of Fan Hu?

Such words have never appeared in Ceng Gong's political papers. "Anyone who struggles for food and clothing is defeated by the North" and "Hu riding on the sun is fat and evil" are vivid summaries of the policy of Gouan in the Northern Song Dynasty. Deprive the people of food and clothing and fatten the invading army. This is a very sad thing, and Ceng Gong, a Confucian, cannot but express it here.

Ceng Gong also has a poem "Chasing Rent", in which there is a line: "The sun is burning in Wan Li" and "The grain is withered". If you are hungry, you will be bound to death. "or" every boss is abusive. " This means that people are starving because of drought, and the government has no sympathy. Ceng Gong is here to defend the people. Finally, he said, "Try to leave Wangyi Village, and the haze will shake the ruins." In the face of people's suffering, Ceng Gong is powerless.

Ceng Gong worked as a local official all his life and devoted himself to it. He doesn't seem to complain. I have written several times, all of which focus on serving relatives. But in poetry, sometimes there is a little dissatisfaction.

Another example is the poem "Human feelings":

Human feelings cover mountains face to face, who can say that the heart is old! Tianluge is not a real bachelor, but Yulin House is a false vassal. Poetry and books are lonely, and farmers and fishermen are reluctant to recall the past. In the morning and evening, I will go to the river and the seaside, and I will laugh on the boat.

In these poems, Ceng Gong reveals more true feelings. Ceng Gong is not a poet, but his "whole person" is more reflected in his poems.

willow

Chaos is not yet yellow, leaning against the east wind.

I wonder if there is frost in heaven and earth.

This poem vividly describes the scenery of catkins and flying flowers. With the help of the east wind, catkins dance wildly, unstoppable, as if the whole world belongs to them. Grasp the characteristics of things. Personalize it, and let people see an image of being mad at success.

1 rely on-rely on, rely on. Crazy.-crazy. These two sentences describe that willows turn green quickly in spring: wicker doesn't seem to turn yellow yet, but it turns green quickly when the east wind blows warm. 2 solution-solution, understand. Flying flowers-catkin. The meaning of these two sentences is: Don't just see the catkins flying and covering the sky, you know, there are still willow leaves falling in first frost! Ceng Gong's "Chanting Willow" is a philosophical poem, attacking the madness of a villain after his success.

South of Ceng Gong

The spring rain is swift, the pond is full, and the mountains are high and low, east and west, and the mountain roads are rugged. The hot and lively peach blossoms and plum blossoms have been blooming for a while, but now it has passed, only the grass in spring grows bigger and greener.

"south of the city" wrote: the spring rain is rapid, the pond is full of water, and the mountains in the distance are undulating. The mountain roads on the east and west sides are rugged, and peach blossoms and plum blossoms bloom for a while. It is out of date now, and I can only see the spring grass in front of me, which is green. The poet's long-term comparison of peach blossom and plum blossom, which are easy to wither in the rain, implies such a philosophy: peach blossom and plum blossom are beautiful, but their vitality is weak; Although the grass is unpretentious, it has strong vitality. Perhaps this is the poetry of the poem "South of the City"?

West building

The waves turned over the clouds and returned, and the north wind blew several thunder.

Zhu Lou is surrounded by hooks and thin foil, lying and watching the shower in Qian Shan.

This poem named "West Building" is actually just about a rainstorm seen from upstairs. Before it rains, dark clouds surge and thunder suddenly rises, which indicates shanghai dawn. So the poet hung up the curtains around him and lay down to watch the rain in the mountains.

Tao Yuanming, also known as Qian, was born in Chaisang, Xunyang (near Jiujiang, Jiangxi).

Tao Yuanming lived in a very complicated political environment at the turn of Jin and Song Dynasties. His great-grandfather Tao Kan was a fu master in the Jin Dynasty. My grandfather was a satrap, and my father probably had a lower official position. He died in Tao Yuanming's childhood. In a society that attaches importance to the door, the status of Taoists is different from that of gentry such as Wang and Xie, but it is also different from humble. Tao Kan, who was born in poverty, was ridiculed as a "villain" and regarded as a person with usurper ambition. It is conceivable that the political situation of his descendants is quite embarrassing.

When I was a child, my family declined, my father died at the age of eight, my mother died of illness at the age of twelve, and my mother and sister lived alone. Most orphans and widows live in their grandfather Meng Jia's house. Meng Jia is a contemporary celebrity. "If you don't share the same sky, you won't brag for many years and you will never be happy." . Good wine, more without chaos; As for forgetting pride, no one. "("Biography of Meng Fujun, General of the Western Expedition in the Jin Dynasty ") In the late Yuan and Ming Dynasties," deliberately lived in the world, and many people imitated their ancestors. "In the future, his personality and accomplishment are largely the legacy of his grandfather. Grandfather's family has a lot of books, which provides him with the conditions to read ancient books and understand history. In the Jin Dynasty, the literati took Zhuang and Lao as their ancestors and copied the Six Classics. He not only studied Lao Zi and Zhuangzi like ordinary literati, but also studied the Six Classics of Confucianism and "different books" such as literature, history and mythology. Influenced by the ideological trend of the times and the family environment, he accepted two different thoughts of Confucianism and Taoism, and cultivated two different interests: "aiming high" and "loving the mountains".

Peng's death is the dividing line between two periods of Tao Yuanming's life. Previously, he had been choosing between the two social roles of a bureaucrat and a hermit. When he lived in seclusion, he wanted to be an official, so he had to retire. His mood is very ambivalent. Since then, he has strengthened his determination to live in seclusion and practice all the time, but his mood is still not calm: "Sun and Moon abandon people and are determined not to win." I am sad to read this, but I can't be quiet in the end. "("Miscellaneous Poems ") In his poems, he described the happiness of seclusion many times and expressed his determination to live in seclusion, such as" drinking this music without returning "(drinking);

"You have your place, and it's a thousand-year-old shop" (the fourth part of Drinking). This is of course his true feelings, but it is also a way of his firm determination. He didn't have a chance to be an official again in the later period, but refused. At the end of the Jin dynasty, he was asked to work as an assistant, but he didn't. Emperor Wu of song usurped gold to establish the song dynasty, and became more tired of politics. In the poem "Drinking Wine", he implicitly expressed his thoughts on this matter. In his later years, he was poor and ill.

"Jiangzhou secretariat TanDaoJi to wait, Yan lie barren with kindness. Daoji said,' Sages live in the world. Wherever there is no road, they hide, and wherever there is a road, they arrive. The child was born in the civilized world, so why bother? "Yes, I said,' I dare not look at sages if I dive, but I'm not that ambitious.' Knife Ji gave Liang meat and left. (Xiao Tong's Biography of Tao Yuanming) Yuan Jia of Song Wendi wrote a self-sacrifice four years before his death. At the end of the article, he said, "It's really hard to live, so what's death?" Alas! "This became his masterpiece.

Five songs of returning to the garden

First of all:

Few people do as the Romans do. Their nature is to love nature. Fall into the dust net by mistake, thirteen years.

Birds in cages are often attached to the forests of the past, and fish in ponds yearn for the abyss of the past. Open up wasteland in the south and return to the garden.

There are more than ten acres of square houses and eight or nine straw houses. Willow trees cover the eaves, and peach trees cover Li Lieman in front of the hospital.

The neighboring village of the neighboring village is faintly visible, and there is smoke in the village. Several dogs barked in the alley, and the mulberry tree was barked by a rooster.

The house is clean and miscellaneous, and the virtual room is idle. Growing in a cage? Return to nature.

Secondly:

There are few chariots and horses in the secluded places when the countryside makes friends with the secular world. This day is still Chai Men closed, and the pure mind blocks the vulgar thoughts.

When complex market music, grass * * *. When we meet, we don't talk about worldly affairs, only that the garden is long in Sang Ma.

My field is growing higher and higher, and my cultivated land is expanding day by day. Often worried about sudden frost, crops wither like shrubs.

Third:

I planted beans at the foot of Nanshan, and the weeds in the field were covered with peas. Get up early in the morning to get rid of weeds, and come back with hoes in the moonlight at night.

The narrow path covered with vegetation, the night dew wet my clothes. It's not a pity to get wet, but I hope it won't be against my will.

Fourth:

Long-term tourism mountain ze, wild forest entertainment. Try to take your son and nephew and put them in the wild market.

Yiyi wandered between mountains and dragons, living in the past. There are remnants in the well, and the mulberry and bamboo rot.

Excuse me, what is this person like? The wage earners told me that "there is no rest after death".

"A lifetime in a foreign land" is really true! Life seems illusory, and eventually it will be empty.

Fifth:

Alone in a sense of loss, I returned to my hometown with a staff member. The road was bumpy and in shock. The mountain stream is shallow and meets my feet.

I'm drinking my newly cooked wine, and two chickens attract the latest game. When the sun sets, the candle is lit instead.

The height is high and the height is short, and the east is getting white.

Yang Wanli (1 127— 1206) was born in Jishui (now Jiangxi). When he was young, his family was poor, and Shaoxing entered the Jinshi in twenty-four years (1 154). He used to be a doctor in Taichang and a bachelor in Baomoge. And Zhai Chengji.

Yang Wanli's poetry creation has generally experienced the transition from imitation to self-integration. Thirty-two years ago in Shaoxing, he studied the style of Jiangxi school, and this poem was later burned by him. From then on, in the fourth year of Xichun (1 177), his poetic style changed. During this period, on the one hand, he studied and discussed the philosophical thoughts of Neo-Confucianism from Zhang Jun and Zhang Wei, and at the same time, he moved his opinions from his daily life to his literary creation.

He said in the poem "Tang Deming builds a Zhai": "I have been a thorn in my side all my life, and later I learned that there are no children like this. I am sweating and laughing at the river. " This attitude of despising books and attaching importance to daily life has become an opportunity for his poetic style to change. Among the more than 700 poems in Jianghu Collection, some draw lessons from Chen Shidao's Five Laws, Wang Anshi's Seven Verses and Tang Dynasty's quatrains, and some are humorous and frivolous, such as:

The silence of spring is because I don't want a long stream of water, and the shadow reflected on the water is like sunny days and breezes. The delicate lotus flower bud shows a sharp corner from the water, and a naughty little dragonfly stands on its head. ("Little Pool")

Plums taste very sour, and after eating, the residual acid is still between the teeth; The banana is growing, and the green is against the screen. Spring goes to summer, and the days are long and tired. After a nap, I feel depressed and watch the children play with catkins in the air. (one of the two quatrains of taking a nap in early summer)

The formation of "Chengzhai style" not only attaches importance to obtaining novel and vivid materials from nature and daily life, but also needs detached mind and philosophical thinking; While the poet is enthusiastically involved in nature and daily life, he must also jump out to observe and understand the philosophy of life contained in it calmly and rationally, so that the poems written in this way are full of vitality of nature and life and rational interest, such as the following poems:

Don't say that there is no difficulty coming down from the mountain, which makes the climbers happy in vain. Just entering the chaotic mountain circle, one mountain releases another. (Five of Six Poems of Song Yuanchen Boiling Paint Shop)

If you can't find traces of spring, don't read poetry. The willow gull next to the leaf warbler and the grass next to it are greener and deeper every day. (One of "Duyang Toure")

Pour a glass or two of beer before the ship door closes and opens. No one looked at the wrinkled mountains, and they were all picked away by the sunset. (The third of three poems about crossing the Xie Tan)

Yang Wanli's poems rarely reflect the broad social life, but although there are few such poems, some of them are well written. For example, "Compassion for Peasants" is about the hardships of peasants' hard life. And "the first four quatrains of Huaihe River" is about what he saw and thought when he went to the State of Jin, which can also arouse readers' rich feelings, such as the third song:

Ships on both sides of the strait are running backwards, drifting with the flow, and it is difficult to negotiate. Only the Oulu in the sky can be seen freely, flying freely between the north and south shores.

Generally speaking, wit, liveliness and humor are the obvious advantages of Yang Wanli's poems, but at the same time, his poems rarely show a sharp and profound feeling of life (in this respect, he is not as good as Huang Tingjian), so most of them are mainly trivial materials and lack great courage.

Get up in early summer

Plum sour teeth, banana green sieve.

Spring goes to summer, and the days are long and tired. After a nap, I feel depressed and watch the children play with catkins in the air.

Read the biography of Yan Ziling.

Why do guest stars make up for Han Zhongxing? There is a breeze as cold as ice.

Send my aunt to Ding Han early, where there is Yanling!

Yang Guo village

Both sides of the stone bridge are densely populated, and horses are like rivers, all over the village.

Liu Yang Yin Zhongxin Hotel, a small fishing boat under the grape trellis.

Red and white flowers are close to water, sky blue and yellow.

Zheng er's peace is still in the way. Why don't you work hard, back in the game?