What is the origin of the name typhoon?

In order to distinguish tropical cyclones, it is necessary to give them a separate name. Tropical cyclones are initially distinguished according to their location (mainly the latitude and longitude of their centers), which is quite troublesome and often unsatisfactory. Until the beginning of19th century, some Spanish-speaking Caribbean islands named hurricanes according to the calendar time when they landed. For example, three hurricanes hit Puerto Rico: Santa Ana on July 26th, 1825, san felipe on September 3rd, 1876 and 1928. It is reported that at the end of 19, Australian forecaster Clemen Langer named tropical cyclones after politicians he hated. Later, the military department named tropical cyclones in alphabetical order of English words (ABLE, BAKER, CHARLIE, etc. During World War II, Americans named tropical cyclones after women. At the end of 1970s, at the request of American feminist movement, the naming list was expanded to be named after men and women. In oral and written communication, especially in alarm, people gradually accept the advantages of using named tables. The name should be short, popular and easy to remember, so as to convey information to millions of people in tropical cyclone threat areas and avoid confusion when the same area is affected by more than one tropical cyclone at the same time. This practice was soon widely adopted in the western hemisphere.

In 1970s, the naming system was used in all tropical cyclone-prone areas. After the end of 1970s, under the coordination of the Regional Tropical Cyclone Committee of the World Meteorological Organization, the naming of tropical cyclones went international. In most areas, the nomenclature of tropical cyclones (male and female names are usually used alternately) is formulated by the tropical cyclone committee in this area, and the more important task of the tropical cyclone committee is to promote and coordinate the tropical cyclone disaster reduction actions in this area. Specific practices vary from region to region. Designated meteorological centers are usually responsible for naming tropical cyclones alphabetically. Some regional naming tables are recycled, some regions often make new naming tables, and some regional naming tables are used from scratch after use. If a tropical cyclone is notorious, such as causing serious casualties or huge property losses, the name of the tropical cyclone should be deleted from the name list and replaced with another name of the same sex with the same initials. In some areas, tropical cyclones are named with four digits, the first two digits are the year, and the last two digits are the serial numbers of tropical cyclones in that year, and some have added geographical indications. For example, the tropical storm 1 in the Bay of Bengal in 0 was named BOB 9 109(BOB is the abbreviation of English Bay of Bengal). 1990 Typhoon No.25 was named 9025. Some countries have developed their own nomenclature, for example, the United States has developed a nomenclature for the Northwest Pacific and the North Central Pacific, and the Philippines has also developed a nomenclature for typhoons in the Northwest Pacific. The name of typhoon in the northwest Pacific used by joint typhoon warning center in Guam is often adopted by other countries in the region.

Most members of the Typhoon Committee come from countries and regions affected by typhoons. For many years, the Typhoon Committee has set up a system for numbering typhoons, namely the Typhoon Center, namely the Tokyo Professional Meteorological Center, which is responsible for numbering tropical cyclones that reach the intensity of tropical storms. According to the resolution of the 3rd 1 meeting of the Typhoon Committee, a new tropical cyclone naming method was implemented from 65438+ 10/day in 2000. This method will be used in the communiqué issued by members of the Typhoon Committee to the international community. Members also use it to issue tropical cyclone warnings in local languages. The Typhoon Committee will continue to use tropical cyclone numbers.

China has always adopted the numbering method of tropical cyclones, and numbered the tropical cyclones that occurred near the center of the northwest Pacific Ocean and the South China Sea, west of east longitude 180 degrees and north of the equator according to the sequence of their generation. For example, tropical storm 9608 was the eighth tropical cyclone generated in the above-mentioned sea area in 1996. When it develops into a strong tropical storm, it is called a strong tropical storm 9608. When it continues to develop into a typhoon, it is called a typhoon 9608. Of course, when it decays into a tropical storm, it is also called a tropical storm 9608. When a tropical cyclone weakens into a tropical depression or degenerates into an extratropical cyclone, the numbering will stop.

From June 5438+1 October1day, 2000, when the Central Meteorological Observatory issued the tropical cyclone warning, the tropical cyclone numbers and names continued to be used.

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Nomenclature of tropical cyclones in the northwest Pacific and South China Sea

1 997165438+1October 25th to February1The 30th meeting of the Typhoon Committee held in Hongkong, China decided to study the proposal of adopting Asian style names for tropical cyclones in the northwest Pacific and the South China Sea, and appointed the Typhoon Research Coordination Group (TRCG) to study the implementation details. After a year's efforts, TRCG put forward the suggestion of naming tropical cyclones in the northwest Pacific and South China Sea. 1998 12 1 After a heated discussion, the Typhoon Committee 3 1 meeting in Manila, Philippines, agreed to the naming scheme of tropical cyclones in the northwest Pacific Ocean and the South China Sea proposed by TRCG, and decided to implement a new naming method for tropical cyclones from 1 in 2000.

The Typhoon Committee naming list * * * has a total of 140 names, provided by Cambodia, China, North Korea, China, Hong Kong, China, Macau, China, Japan, Laos, Malaysia, Micronesia (Federated States of), Philippines, South Korea, Thailand, the United States and Vietnam in the Asia-Pacific region.

The naming table of the Typhoon Committee will be used for forecasts, warnings and announcements issued to the international aviation and navigation community through the international media, and also for members to issue tropical cyclone warnings in local languages. This will help people to be more alert to the coming tropical cyclone and increase the effectiveness of warning. The Typhoon Committee will continue to use tropical cyclone numbers.

In order to avoid unnecessary confusion caused by multiple translators, the Central Meteorological Observatory in China, the Hong Kong Observatory and the Geophysical and Meteorological Observatory in Macau, China decided on a unified set of Chinese translations. Starting from June 5438+1 October12000, the Central Meteorological Observatory will continue to use tropical cyclone numbers and names when issuing tropical cyclone warnings. Tropical cyclone 1 in 2000 was named "Davi" and was provided by Cambodia.

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A note on the naming of tropical cyclones in the northwest Pacific and South China Sea by Typhoon Committee

(implemented since 1, 2004)

According to the decision of the 36th meeting of the Typhoon Committee of ESCAP/World Meteorological Organization held in Malaysia on May 20, 2003, the names of some tropical cyclones were replaced: Peipah replaced Vamei, which is a popular ornamental fish in Macau; Nuri replaces Rusa, the Chinese name is "parrot", and the Malay name refers to a parrot with a blue crown; Molave replaces Imbudo, and its Chinese name is "Molafe", which is a hardwood commonly used to make furniture in the Philippines. Matmo replaces Chataan, and the Chinese name is "Medham", which means rainstorm. The new nomenclature of tropical cyclones came into effect on June 65438+1 October1day, 2004.

Column 1

English name

Chinese name source

Yiyi

Damire

David Cambodia

elephant

Wang long

China Wang Long

The mythical rain god

Kilogi

Hongyan Korea

In spring, a migratory bird leaves Qiu Lai in North Korea, which is very similar to the activity of a typhoon.

Kai Tak Airport

Kai Tak, China and Hongkong.

Name of old airport in Hong Kong

Tembin

Libra Japan

pound

Boravin

Bulavin Laos

hilly area

Chanchu

China Macau Pearl

pearl

Gerawat

Jielahua Malaysia

freshwater fish

Ewinar

Ayunni Micronesia

Traditional Storm God (Chukchi)

severe tropical storm bilis

Bilis, Philippines

speed

Kami

North Korea Meg

ant

Prapiron

Prapiron, Thailand

The rain god

Maria

Maria USA

Ms. Name (Chamorro)

Sweep wheat

Vietnamese Sang Mei

Venus

Bofa

Kampuchea

Warming

Wukong

Wukong China

Sun Wukong

Sonamu

Korea qingsong

A pine tree that can take root on rocky cliffs and is evergreen all year round.

leisurely

China Hong Kong Shanshan

The girl's name.

Yagi-Uda antenna;Yagi antenna

Capricorn Japan

Capricornus

Fragrant Hill

Elephant God Laos

elephant

Bebinka

Beibijia, Macau

Macao milk pudding

Rumbia

Wembia, Malaysia

palm

Sulica

Suri Micronesia

The traditional title of chief of Pohnpei

Ximalong

Ximalong, Philippines

Philippine bison

Cheby

Yan Fei, Korea

swallow

Liulianshu

Liulian Thailand

The most popular fruit in Thailand

Ute

Ute USA

Squall line (Marshall)

Trami

Tan Mei Viet Nam

A flower

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The second column

English name

Chinese name source

Yiyi

ConRey

Kangni Cambodia

Lovely girl in Khmer legend

Jade Hare—moon

Yutu China

Rabbits in myths and legends

Huji

Zhi Tao, Korea

A flower in the mountainous area of North Korea, which is silent and unobtrusive when it blooms, can be eaten and used as medicine.

Manyi

China Wan Yi Hongkong.

Channel name, now reservoir.

Tiantu

Tiantu Japan

Sky map constellation

Pabuk

Pabulao

Large freshwater fish

Wutip

Butterfly Macao

An insect

Sepat

Szentpal Mo Malaysia

freshwater fish

Fitow

Sacrifice Micronesia

A beautiful and fragrant flower (yuppie)

Danath

Dahners Philippine Corp.

experience

Nari

Baihe Korea

A flower

Vipa

Wepa Thailand

Lady's name

Francisco

Van Gogh of America

Male name (Chamorro)

Lekima

Lichima, Vietnam

A fruit

Crausaz

Rosa Cambodia

crane

petrel

China Haiyan

A seabird

Podur

Liu Yang, Korea

A tree is planted in urban and rural areas, and people like to rest and chat in its shade in hot weather.

tinkle

Lingling China Hongkong

The girl's name.

Kajiji

Swordfish Japan

Swordfish constellation

Fasai

Faqian Laos

Lady's name

Pepa

Macao pipa

A kind of pet fish which is very popular in Macau.

Tapa, Estonia

Taba Malaysia

freshwater fish

Mittag

Mina Micronesia

Lady's name (Yap)

Hajibis

Haibeisi, Philippines

fast

Noguri

Korean raccoon

dog

Lamason

Thailand rammasun.

thor

Matmo

Medem USA.

torrential rain

Xialong

Xia Lang Viet Nam

The name of a bay in Vietnam

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The third column

English name

Chinese name source

Yiyi

Nakri

Nakri Cambodia

A flower

bearing

Fengshen China

The mythical fengshen

Kalmaji

Haiou Korea

A seabird

phoenix

Phoenix, China and Hongkong.

Mountain name

North Muri language

Kitamura, Japan

Northern corona constellation

Panfengne

Bapong Laos

animal

Crazy bee

Macau Huang Feng

A class of insects

Nuri

Parrot Malaysia

A parrot with a blue crown.

Sinlaku

Senlake, Micronesia

The legendary goddess Cosley

Hagueby

Hagueby, Philippines

ridicule

Changmi

Qiangwei Korea

Names in the household registration book

Meghera

Mikla Thailand

Lei angel

Higos

Hygos USA

Fig (Chamorro)

Bavie

Vietnam bawei

The name of a mountain in northern Vietnam.

Messac

Cambodian Messac

A tree

Poseidon

Poseidon China

The mythical sea god

Ponsona

Fengxian, Korea

A beautiful flower has been loved by Korean women since ancient times.

Yan Yan

Xinxin China Hongkong

The girl's name.

Whale seiyuu

Whale Japan

Cetus

Chen Hong

Laos residual red

A tree

Linfa

Lotus Macao

A flower

Capsule card

Langka Malaysia

A fruit

Sodelol

Soudelor, Micronesia

The legendary chief Bonape

Moraw

Morafi, Philippines

A hardwood commonly used for making furniture.

Wai Yee Lui

Swan Korea

A bird

Hanuman

Thai Korean

Interesting monkey

Etau

Ai Tao USA

Storm clouds (Palau)

Wamko

Ring high Vietnam

A river in southern Vietnam.

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Column 4

English name

Chinese name source

Yiyi

Crowang

Korowan, Cambodia

A tree

cuckoo

Rhododendron China

A flower

Qianjian

Korean cicada

Cicada that makes a sound when a typhoon strikes in summer.

rosy clouds

China Cai Yun Hongkong.

Clouds in the sky

science popularization

Jujue Japan

Dajue constellation

Kesana

Lao ketsana

A tree

Palma

Bama Macao

A cooking style in Macao

Mello

Jasmine in Malaysia

A flower

Ni Patac

Nibert Micronesia

The famous soldier (Cosley)

Lupit

Lupit, Philippines

cruel

Sudal

Sute Korea

otter

Nida (nickname of Nydia) (F.)

Nida Thailand

Lady's name

Omais

Aomaisi USA

Roaming (Palau)

Gangxin business

Vietnamese Kang Sen

historic site

Chanthu

Candu Cambodia

A flower

Bakelite

China, Dian Mu.

The mythical god of thunder and lightning

Mindule

Dandelion Korea

A small yellow flower, which blooms in spring, belongs to dandelion and is a symbol of simplicity and propriety of Korean women.

graceful and erect

Tingting China Hongkong

The girl's name.

Kompasu

Compass Japan

Compass constellation

Nantern

Nanchuan, Laos

river

Malou

Macao agate

Meranti

Malaysian Moranti.

A tree

Rananim

Yunna Micronesia

Hello, hello (Chukchi)

Malacas

Marka, Philippines

Strong, powerful

Megi

Yu Nian, Korea

fish

Qiaba

Siam Thailand

tropical ornamenting plants

Kodo

Kudu USA

Cloud (Marshall)

Sonda

Vietnam Sanda

A river in northwestern Vietnam.

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The fifth column

English name

Chinese name source

Yiyi

Sarica

Sharjah Cambodia

Sparrow bird

faw haima automobile

China of hippocampus

A kind of fish

Miali

Korean peninsula

echo

saddle

China, Hongkong, Maanshan.

Mountain name

Tokamak

Tokamak and Japan

Tokamak constellation

Nock-ten

Lotan, Laos

bird

Muifa

Meihua Macao

A flower

Merbok

Miaobai Malaysia

A bird

Nanmador

South Madu Micronesia

The famous site of Pohnpei

Taras

Talas, Philippines

Sharp; sharp

Noru

Oulu, Korea

deer deer

Kurab

Thai rose

A flower

locke

Locke USA

Male name (Chamorro)

Sonka

Sangka, Vietnam

Birds that can sing.

Nesat

Shana, Cambodia

fisherman

Chinese flowering crab-apple

Haitang China

flower

Nargai

Nige Korea

Live and fly freely.

Chinese banyan

China Rong Shu Hongkong.

A tree

Washi

Tianying Japan

Tianying constellation

Matessa

Mai Sha Laos

Woman fish

Sangwu

Coral Macao

An aquatic organism

Marval

Mawa Malaysia

rose

Gujol

Micronesia, Chao Gu

A spice (condiment)

Talim

Teli Philippines

Obvious edge

Prophet of Islam

Caidie Korea

butterfly

Hanon

Kanu Thailand

Thai fruit

Vicente

Vicente USA

Ms. Name (Chamorro)

Saola

Sura Vietnam

An animal recently discovered in Vietnam

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Copyright (C)2000 Guangzhou Meteorological Bureau. property in copyright

Revision date: February 2004, 1 1.