Xiluodu weather

China is one of the countries with the best hydropower development in the world, with many world-famous large-scale hydropower stations, among which the Three Gorges Hydropower Station is the most famous, with a total installed capacity of 22.4 million kilowatts, which is the largest hydropower station in the world at present. Now it is not only a great water conservancy project, but also a century project to attract Chinese and foreign tourists.

Records are often broken. Jinsha River is the largest hydropower base in China, with more than 20 hydropower stations planned in the whole basin. Among them, wudongde hydropower station, a super hydropower station located in the lower reaches of Jinsha River at the junction of Sichuan and Yunnan, is the fourth super hydropower station in China and the seventh super hydropower station in the world. Many intelligent "black technologies" are used in the construction, and it is committed to building the most intelligent dam in the world. It will be completed and put into operation in 20021year.

In the future, the installed capacity of Wudongde, Baihetan, Xiluodu and Xiangjiaba cascade hydropower stations in Jinsha River will reach 46.46 million kilowatts, equivalent to two "Three Gorges Projects", with an annual power generation of about 654.38+0.9 billion kWh, which will become the largest green energy engineering base in the world in the 2654.38+0 century.

Wudongde hydropower station invested more than 654.38 billion yuan, which was developed and constructed by the Three Gorges Group. The power station mainly generates electricity, taking into account flood control and shipping, and is the backbone power supply of "power transmission from west to east". The designed normal water level of the power station is 975 meters, and it is expected to be put into operation in 2020, with a total installed capacity equivalent to two Three Gorges hydropower stations.

Due to the complex topographic and geological conditions and deep canyons in the construction area of hydropower station, the height of the two bank slopes is about 1500 ~ 1800 meters, and the slope gradient is 60 ~ 70. Deep foundation pit and high cofferdam are one of the key technical problems in wudongde hydropower station project. The foundation cover depth of riverbed cofferdam is between 55 meters and 77 meters, and the maximum depth of cutoff wall is 95 meters, which is the highest of similar projects in China.

In addition, the hydropower station has also overcome a series of world-class problems such as the construction of long-span high-head arch dam under complex geological conditions, the stability of excavation and support of large underground caverns, and the research and development, manufacture, installation and commissioning of giant units with a single unit capacity of one million kilowatts.

Super technology 1: Low-heat cement concrete has been developed for decades and has been used in the whole dam.

Wudongde hydropower station dam is a concrete hyperbolic arch dam with an elevation of 765,438+08m at the bottom and 988m at the top, with a maximum dam height of 270m. But the thickness of dam bottom is only 5 1 m. This ratio makes wudongde hydropower station the thinnest 300-meter arch dam in the world at present, and its slender figure has to bear the water storage of tens of millions of super-large hydropower stations, which undoubtedly puts forward unprecedented high requirements for concrete pouring quality.

The total amount of dam concrete pouring is about 2.8 million cubic meters. In such a large amount of concrete pouring, temperature control is very important, because the temperature difference changes too much, which will lead to concrete cracking and threaten dam safety, which has always been a worldwide problem in hydropower engineering.

Because the hydropower station is located in the dry-hot valley of Jinsha River with strong sunshine, the temperature of the dam construction platform is as high as 40 degrees at the hottest time. It is a pioneering work in the history of dam construction in the world that the whole dam in wudongde hydropower station adopts low-heat cement concrete.

Low-heat cement can be called the "antipyretic" of the dam. When the atmospheric temperature reaches 30 degrees, the display temperature of concrete can still reach about 7 degrees. This "antipyretic" is the result of ten years' hard research and development by the Three Gorges people. This is the first time that all dams are made of low-heat cement.

Super technology 2: cooling artifact embedded thermometer+sprayer+cooling water pipe

According to the construction requirements, the pouring temperature of dam concrete should not exceed 65438 08 degrees. In order to ensure that the construction requirements can be met in high temperature weather, a sprayer is set on the construction warehouse surface to reduce the environmental temperature of the warehouse surface. Even if the outdoor temperature is 30-40 degrees, the indoor temperature can still be controlled at 20-30 degrees.

In order to sense the temperature of all parts of the dam in all directions, the dam can sense the concrete temperature in real time by embedding thermometers and cooling water pipes in the concrete. Through the intelligent water system, the water flow can be automatically adjusted to realize the intelligent concrete cooling process.

Super technology 3: 1000 more grouting holes "dam eyes" to prevent water seepage from the dam foundation mountain.

If the temperature control ensures that the dam bones are hard and the muscles are strong, then the cement slurry is poured into the cracks and solidified to integrate the cracks between rocks and between the dam and the mountain, which will further strengthen the dam bones, which is called calcium supplementation for the mountain.

The deepest grouting and drainage corridor of Wudongde Dam traverses the dam bottom and extends to the mountains on both sides. In order to prevent the water from upstream of the dam from infiltrating downstream, some curtain holes were drilled on the ground, and the maximum curtain hole depth reached 1 10 m.

It is reported that the total engineering quantity of the main curtain is 500,000 meters, and the grouting holes are about 1000. The whole curtain is connected together like a big curtain, firmly blocking the upstream water in front of the dam.

Super Science and Technology 4: The Contribution of Slope Protection Artifact Initiative Spider-Man

The lower reaches of Jinsha River where wudongde hydropower station is located belong to deep valleys. Long-term rain erosion and exposure, mountains and slopes are in danger of collapse at any time. It can be said that even a small pebble can penetrate the steel plate.

In order to eliminate hidden dangers, at the beginning of the project construction, the construction party first stripped the gravel and eluvial soil from the natural slopes on both sides of the river with Spider-Man, and then fixed the mountain with more than 50,000 shallow anchor rods and more than 4,000 deep anchor cables. These anchor cables penetrate tens of meters into the mountain and tightly fix the rock and the mountain together.

After these are completed, an active protective net of 6,543,800 square meters equivalent to the size of 200 football fields will be laid to cover the whole slope. In the excavated slope area, the whole rock mass should be fixed by grouting and shotcrete, and passive protective nets should be set at different heights.

Since the establishment of these protective nets, many major dangers have been successfully eliminated. In addition, monitoring sensors are buried in the mountains, and a geological disaster monitoring system is established, which is linked with the hydrometeorological center. Once the slope is slightly deformed, the system can make early warning in time.

Super technology five: the height of the main workshop of underground power station is the highest in the world.

The distance between the mountains on both sides of the crest of wudongde hydropower station Dam is only over 300 meters. Because of the small space, in addition to the 270-meter-high dam building in wudongde hydropower station, more building structures are hidden in the mountains and underground. As the main power generation equipment of hydropower station, the main powerhouse of hydraulic turbine is located in the mountains on both sides of the dam.

The excavation length of the main powerhouse of Wudongde underground power station is 333 meters, with a span of 32.5 meters and a height of 89.8 meters, which is equivalent to a nearly 30-story high-rise building. This height broke the world record for the excavation height of the main building of underground power station.

It is understood that wudongde hydropower station plans to store water in July 2020 and put it into production in February 2002 1 and1. As a green energy source, Wudongde Power Station can save about12.2 million tons of standard coal, reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 30.5 million tons and reduce sulfur dioxide emissions by/kloc-0.04 million tons every year.

During the construction of hydropower stations, the average number of employed people can be increased by about 70,000 per year. After the power generation is completed, the local finance will increase its income by about 6543.8+0.35 billion yuan every year.