What does this ancient prose mean?

The running script on the left is a part of Wang Xizhi's Preface to Lanting Collection. On the right is the mysterious pagoda of Liu Gongquan. They are all famous calligraphy products.

Original text of Preface to Lanting Collection

Yonghe nine years, in Guichou, in late spring and early, in the meeting (kuáI) Ji Lanting, and repaired things. A group of wise men came, and some of them were dragons (zh m \u ng). There are mountains, lush forests and bamboo forests, as well as clear water and turbulent water, which set each other off. I think that running water (shāng) is the second place, although it is not as prosperous as the string of silk and bamboo, and it is enough to love.

Today is a sunny day, sunny and sunny. Looking up at the size of the universe and overlooking the richness of categories is enough to be extremely entertaining. I believe in cola.

Ladies, lifelong pitch. Or arm in arm and realize the words of a room; Let the waves go because of the entrustment. Although the fun is different, the calmness is different. When it is happy with what it meets, it will gain something from itself for the time being and will soon be self-sufficient without knowing the coming of old age; What he is tired of is that his feelings are advancing with the times and his feelings are sentimental. I'm glad that between pitches, this has become a thing of the past. I'm still happy about it. Things will get better. The ancients said, "Life and death are great." It hurts!

Every time we look at the reason why the ancients were excited, if we unite, we will worship the words, which can't be said to be in our arms. Knowing that a dead life is a false birthday, Peng Qi's destruction (shāng) is a mistake. Look at the present in the future or look at the past today. Sad husband! So when people line up, they are recorded. Although the world is different, pregnancy is a good thing. Later visitors will also be impressed by Sven.

Edit this paragraph comment.

1, Yonghe: Jinnian number, 345-356.

2. Kui: the name of the county, including the areas in western Zhejiang and southeastern Jiangsu. Yin Shan: In Shaoxing, Zhejiang today.

3. Xiu (x √): It is an ancient custom. On the fourth day of the first three months of the lunar calendar (March 3 after Wei Dynasty), people gather at the water's edge to play and wash, in order to eliminate ominous and seek happiness. In fact, this is a kind of spring outing of the ancients.

4. Qunxian: refers to 32 celebrities such as Xie An who attended the meeting.

5. Age: refers to celebrities of different ages.

6. Running water: A glass made of lacquer holds wine, which is placed in a curved waterway and allowed to drift. When the glass stops in front of someone, someone will take the lead in having a drink. This is a way for the ancients to persuade wine for fun.

7. hmm: give full play to it and be unconstrained.

8.Pitch I: I passed quickly. It describes a short time between pitching, bowing and looking up.

9. Talk face to face. Biography of Wang Xizhi in the Book of Jin and Wen are both "enlightened words", which refer to the witty words of understanding. Cecilia Yip.

10, beyond depravity: the behavior is unrestrained and the body is not bound by secular etiquette. & lt 10 > Fun House: Same as "Choice"

1 1, the old age is coming: The Analects of Confucius says: "He is also a human being, who forgets to eat when he is angry, but forgets to worry when he is happy. I didn't know that old age was coming. "

12. Life and death are big: by Zhuangzi De Chongfu.

13, Qi: symbolic Qi, ancient token. Carve words on the contract and divide it into two parts, each holding half, as evidence.

14. Life and death: take life and death as one thing. Language "Zhuangzi Dechong Fu": "Life and death are one." Master Zhuangzi: "Who knows that life and death are one, I am friends with them."

15, qi: equate people who live long with those who live short. Peng and Peng Zu, according to legend, are the great-grandchildren of Emperor Zhuan Xu, who lived for 800 years. A wound refers to a short-lived person. "On Zhuangzi Wuqi": "Mo Shou died, Peng Zu died."

Different meanings of ancient and modern times

16, at the age of 18, it's ugly.

then

Ancient meaning: Qi, pronoun, refers to Qushui. Second, next to the water. For example, the column is the second.

Today's meaning: ① After the second time; Second.

(2) secondary status.

mild

Ancient meaning: this article. For example, I also feel gentle.

The meaning of today: elegance; Culture or literati.

Edit the translation of this paragraph.

In the ninth year of Yonghe, on the fourth day of March at the end of spring, we met in Lanting, Shanyin County, Huiji, and held a meeting to drive away ominous customs. All the respected people here attended the meeting, and all the young and old people gathered together. Lanting is surrounded by mountains, with lush trees and dense bamboo rafts. There is also a clear and swift stream, like a green ribbon set off around. This stream is a winding stream, which is located on its side. Even without the grand occasion of orchestral ensemble, just drinking and writing poems is enough to make people speak freely. On this day, Enigma is sunny and breezy, and it can look up at the vast universe, bend down, inspect a variety of things, enjoy the overall situation, open your mind and try your best to see and hear. It can really be said that it is a great pleasure in life.

People are close to each other and spend their lives between stadiums. Some people like introspection and are satisfied with an interview in a room; Some people depend on external things and live a bohemian life. Although their internal or external choices are very different, and their quiet and active personalities are also different, when they encounter gratifying things, they will be complacent, feel happy and self-sufficient, and forget the coming of aging. When you are tired of what you have got and things change, you will inevitably feel infinite emotion. The joy gained in the past will soon become a historical relic, and people can't help but feel sorry for it. What's more, people's life span depends on nature, and it will eventually come down to exhaustion! The ancients said, "Life and death are important things." How can this not make people sad!

Whenever I see the feelings expressed by my predecessors, I will inevitably sigh in front of their articles, but I can't figure out what is going on. Of course, I know it is wrong to confuse death with life, and it is absurd to equate long life with early death. Future generations look at today's people just like today's people look at their predecessors. This is the sad thing. So I will list the names of the participants and record their poems. Although times are different and actions are different, the motives that trigger people's feelings will undoubtedly be the same. Later generations will probably feel the same way when they read these poems.

Edit the introduction of the author of this paragraph.

Wang Xizhi (A.D. 32 1-379) or (A.D. 303-36 1): Shao Yi, a native of Linyi (now Linyi County, Shandong Province) in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, lived in Huiji, Yin Shan (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province). He once served as Jiangzhou secretariat, Huiji civil history and general of the right army. Wang Youjun, also known as "",is the most famous calligrapher in the history of our country and is known as "the sage of books". His son, Wang Xianzhi Palace, is called "Two Kings".

Appreciation of editing this passage

Preface to Lanting Collection is also known as Preface to He Lin, Praise for Iron, Preface to Lanting March 3rd, etc. On March 3rd, the 9th year of Yonghe, Jin Mu (AD 353), Wang Xizhi, then a historian of literature and history, and his friends Xie An, Sun Chuo and other 4/0 people gathered in Lanting to compose poems and drink wine. Wang Xizhi compiled a collection of famous poets and their poems, and made a preface, describing the swimming event and expressing the inner feelings caused by it. This preface is Preface to Lanting Collection. This preface is greatly influenced by Shi Chong's Preface to Jingu Poetry, and its achievement is far above that of Jingu Poetry. ?

The article first describes the time, place and participants of the meeting, which is concise. Then describe the natural environment and surrounding scenery where Lanting is located. The language is concise and orderly. Describe the scenery from the big picture, from far and near, to near and far, to infinity. First write about mountains and rivers, then write about clean water and turbulence, and then write about the activities of characters and the combination of modality and movement downstream. Then add natural search, from clear blue sky and faint spring breeze, naturally push to the vast universe and everything in the world. The artistic conception is graceful and elegant, and the mood is cheerful and smooth. Lanting banquet can be described as "four beauties and two difficulties".

However, there is no such thing as a banquet that must come to an end. The so-called "joy begets sorrow" is a common emotion of people, although people have different choices and temperaments. Just when I felt extremely happy for what I longed for and finally got, in an instant, all this became the past. Human life is no exception. The so-called "I don't know that the old times are coming" (in Confucius' language), "Old Ran Ran is coming" (in Quyuan's language) and "Life is between heaven and earth, and elections fly suddenly" (19 ancient poems) cannot but arouse people's feelings. Every time I think that a person will eventually die no matter how long he lives, it makes people feel extremely sad and sad. If the previous paragraph is a narrative description, then this paragraph is a discussion and lyric. The author expressed his yearning and persistent enthusiasm for life in the sigh that life is short and life is not alive. ?

During the Wei and Jin Dynasties, metaphysics prevailed for a time, and most of the scholars used Zhuangzi's "Homogeneous Theory" as an excuse to pretend to be enlightened and dismissive. Wang Xizhi is also an eloquent scholar, but he is different from other scholars in political thought and life ideal. He once said: "Empty talk about waste things and superficial articles hinder the main point" (Shi Shuo Xin Yu Remarks). In this preface, Wang Xizhi also explicitly accused "Field of Life and Death" and "Mourning of Peng Qi" as an illusory outlook on life, which clearly affirmed the value of life. ?

This article is fresh and unpretentious in style. The language is fluent, beautiful and moving, which is quite different from the work of Mo Shan Pan Shui in Wei and Jin Dynasties, Couples Fight for a Strange Sentence (Wen Xin Diao Long Ming Shi). The sentence patterns are neat and diverse, mainly short sentences, and even sentences are added to the scattered sentences, which are harmonious in rhythm and pleasant to listen to. ?

In a word, this article embodies Wang Xizhi's outlook on life, which is in sharp contrast with the inaction advocated by Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi. Give inspiration and thinking to future generations.

Mysterious tower monument

The full name is "Preface to the Mysterious Pagoda inscribed by ankokuji, exorcist, in the Records of Monks in the Tang Dynasty", which was edited and sealed by Liu Gongquan. The Xuanta Monument was erected in December of the first year of Tang Huichang (AD 84 1), and it was in the forest of steles in Xi 'an, Shaanxi. Regular script has 28 lines and 54 words.

Liu Xizai's "Introduction to Art" said: "The Xuanta in Liu Shu comes from the Guojia Temple in Yan Zhenqing", and Wang Shizhen said: "The charm of Liu Fa is as strong as that of Yan Situ". The Mysterious Tower was written by Liu Gongquan at the age of sixty-four. Wang Shu's "Inscription and Postscript on the Virtual Boat" said that this book is "a work of sincerity and great practice". The knot in Mystery Tower is characterized by introversion and extroversion, easy to get close to and strong; The pen strength is strong and stretching, clean and neat, all-round and thoughtful, and it has its own unique appearance.

Liu Gongquan, whose words are sincere, is a passerby in Song Xue. Jing Zhaohua was originally from Yaoxian County, Tongchuan City. The village is Liu Jiayuan, a thick mulberry township. Born in Dali, Tang Daizong for thirteen years. When I was a child, I respected my parents, listened to my brother and studied with him. Write articles, write and draw pictures, and you will learn them as soon as you learn them. Love literature and history, love to express political opinions. At the age of 24, he was admitted to Jinshi. Tang Muzong is well known for his clear thinking, fluent brushwork and precise diction. According to his love for Confucianism and Mohism, his love for political theory, his attainments in literature and calligraphy, and his strong memory of erudition, he was awarded the post of "Bachelor's degree in Hanlin Academy".

He is well-read, talented, articulate and responsive. Once I accompanied Wenzong to Weiyang Palace. When the bus stopped, Wenzong asked him to praise him with dozens of words. At the sight of public power, I was impressed by the smoothness and elegance of my words. Wenzong smiled and said, "Qing sang three more poems praising Taiping." It's easy to sing slowly, three poems in seven steps. The literati sighed, "It's a genius to write poems in seven steps and write three poems in seven steps." .

Liu Gongquan is well-read and familiar with The Book of Songs, Shangshu, Chunqiu, Zuo Zhuan and Mandarin. He was a very talented politician, writer and famous calligrapher in the Tang Dynasty. He likes calligraphy and writes very well. He has great attainments in truth, line and grass, and is better at proofreading books. He studied Wang Xizhi at first, then Ou Yangxun and Yan Zhenqing, and finally combined the brushwork of various schools to create a unique style, which was called "Liu Style" in history and had a great influence on later generations. Liu Ti also left the European style, with a round face. He writes steadily and neatly, with vigorous brushwork, rigorous structure and open spirit. He is known as "Yan Gu", and is also known as the world with Europe and Yan. He is one of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties and is well-known at home and abroad. At that time, "the epitaph of the Chen family was not his pen, and people thought it was unfilial." Even foreign envoys who are not familiar with Chinese characters "will buy willow books every time they go to Beijing."

Liu Gongquan's brushwork is full of profound philosophy. Mu Zongheng asked him how to use a pen, and he replied, "The mind is regular and the pen is correct, and the pen is regular and available." . Pun, profound meaning, Mu Zong listened to, immediately increased political ability, understand the meaning of his pen to remonstrate.

Liu Gongquan experienced ten emperors: Shun, Xian, Mu, Jing, Wen, Wu, Xuan and Yi. He is a courtier of the prince, and Dr. Zi Guanglu is the founder of Hedong County. Xian Tong died in the sixth year (AD 865) at the age of 88. He and his brother Chuo were buried in Rangyi Village, Azi Township, Yao County. Bi Yuan, governor of Shaanxi Province, erected a monument in front of the tomb and wrote "Tomb of Liu Gongquan, prince of Tang Dynasty and king of Hedong County". 1956 Shaanxi provincial people's government announced it as a provincial key cultural relics protection unit.

Translation:

In the Tang Dynasty, monks recorded (1) offerings, three religions taught great virtues, ankokuji came to the table, and gave purple (2), and exorcist Xuanta inscriptions in turn. Pei Xiu (3) did all the things in the west roads of the south of the Yangtze River, such as having a group and observing them.

He is discussing doctors, guarding the right to ride a regular waiter, filling in the bachelor's degree in Jixian Hall, reviewing hospital affairs, taking foreign countries, giving purple, goldfish bags, Liu Gongquan's books and seals.

Mysterious tower, exorcist Duan Fu (4) Where the soul belongs. Yu ⑤! As husbands, at home, Zhang Ren, Yi, Li and Le helped the emperor, helped the world and guided customs; When you become a monk, you will be compassionate and wise, and you will help the Tathagata to teach and benefit students. Besides, I don't think my husband is either. If you recite this, you will not reach the thought of Tao.

Monk, he's a monk! Zhao Zaitianshui was born in Qin. At first, his mother, Mrs. Zhang, dreamed of becoming a monk and said, "Be a precious son." Is to take the relic out of the bag and swallow it. On his birthday, the monk in his dream came into his room during the day, rubbed his head and said, "You must be the great protector." Say it and die. Adult, with high and deep eyes and a big square mouth (6), six feet and five inches long, it sounds like a bell. If the husband wants to be Buddha Bodhi (7) and chisel the eyes and ears of all beings, there must be something extraordinary.

At the beginning, at the age of ten, the monk was Misha (8). Seventeen degrees is five to one. Wei Yi (9) took photos of lawyers in Ximing Temple (10); Lawyer of Chongfu Temple (11); Pass on only the great righteousness (12) to Master ankokuji Su; Tong Nie (13) took aim at Fukurinji's master.

After the Brahma fell asleep, he filled his glass with Buddhist relics to make him swallow, and said, "Sanzang's teachings are enough for your stomach." Naturally, Confucian classics are invincible in the world. Including Sichuan notes, every Committee source, surging, but can't help its coast. If a husband wants to cut plants in love, he must have the courage and wisdom to argue whether it is rain or dew.

Nothing. I admire Manjusri's indifference. All saints are here. Play the great classics in Taiyuan and finish the meeting in the capital. Emperor Dezong was very happy at first sight when he heard his name and signed it. I often go in and out of the Forbidden City and talk with Confucianism and Taoism. Sending a purple robe is different from sending it when you are old. After serving the Crown Prince in the Eastern Dynasty, Emperor Shunzong deeply admired his style. If he was close to his brother, he would sleep with him and be grateful. Tang Xianzong is fortunate in his temple, taking guests as friends, often being a counselor, and his attention is partial. Monks, on the other hand, are colorful, eloquent and welcoming, all of which are true. Although the response is expected, it is not a matter of publicity. But as everyone knows, the Buddha is a great sage, and his teaching is not very thoughtful. At that time, the imperial court leveled the land in summer, bound Wu Woshu and imprisoned Cai Dangluan (14). However, there is nothing wrong with the memorial archway on the emperor's side. Monk Zhao led a monk (15) to meet the real bone in Lingshan (16) and held a ceremony in the secret hall to pray for blessings and offer incense lamps. Therefore, the punishment is not residual, the soldiers are undefeated, the dead have no sorrow, and the sea has no earthquake. Gai can use Zhenzong to achieve the bright effect of major policies. If a husband wants to show an incredible way and assist a promising king, there must be a mystery.

He was in charge of the temple ceremony, recorded monks' affairs in Zuojie, and set a clean example for the public for ten years. He talked about nirvana, only knew the scriptures, and was in a benevolent position. There are 160 people who teach their ancestors to enlighten the customs. Yun Sanmi is close to Yoga (17), and Wu Qi was born in Sidi (18). Japan has held more than100000 ministerial meetings. Refers to the pure land as a place to rest your shoulders, and Yan Jinjing as a method of repaying kindness. There are tens of millions of donations before and after, and I know that the interior of the temple is decorated with worship, and I have done my best to carve and paint. And the abbot lay in bed, quiet and complacent. Your ministers and nobles are respected; Hao Xia Gong Jia, I have to look forward to it. Commend Jinbao with sincerity and be strict with courtesy. There are thousands of books every day, and no books can be written. Monks, on the other hand, are sentient beings who observe the Buddha, leaving four aspects (19) to cultivate goodness, and their hearts are like the earth, without hills. Governors and platforms are sincere, and commentators think that achievements are often not less than those of walkers, only less than those of monks! If my husband wants to cross the sea and save his life on the other side, there must be a magic trick.

On the first day of June of the first year of Kaesong, it was threatened by the west and the right wing. In summer, your face looks like life, but now it's night and the smell is still gloomy. On July 6, 2008, I moved to Nanyuan, Changle, and ordered tea skin (20) to get more than 300 sarira, which was bright and clean, with round bones and beads. Give the time:

Dada. The tower said: mysterious. Ordinary people are 67 years old and monks are 48 years old. There are more than a thousand disciples, namely monks and nuns, who either talk about metaphysics or remember big temples and practice Zen, and they are divided into teachers. Fifty disciples are all accomplished people.

In the play, a monk is a monk! Otherwise, He Zhide's book is so prosperous. Inherit the disciple's righteousness, governance, righteousness, etc. He took the lead, faithfully adhered to his legacy, and sometimes feared the emblem. Gong Liu, who has the deepest legal relationship and solid highway contract, also thinks that he is invited and willing to sow the dust. Don't try to travel to its Francisco, get ready, praise it with joy, hide it with a clear conscience, and say:

Saints rob thousands of buddhas, and the fourth benevolent (2 1). He mourned my life, broke the dust, and highly tuned the program, so who argued who was who?

There are exorcists, for example, from personal experience, the theory of Tibetan scriptures, abstinence from wisdom, mutual understanding, mutual understanding, and bias of different sects.

There are exorcists, whose interest in frost and hail has really stopped, and they are vulgar, like crazy apes, whose hooks are not closed, their knives are broken, and their sores and warts are still alive.

There are exorcists, no one wants to travel, Datang Yun Qi, a great hero who teaches, a symbol of the Millennium ghost, and three times. Favor and care, and show guidance.

There are exorcists, inspired by the times, an empty door is being opened, the practice is open, and the stone pillars are towering. Once destroyed, Shuiyue is a mirror image, with no intention to come and go, just want to learn and look forward to it later. It was built on December 28th of the first year of Huichang.

Shao Jianhe, an official who carved jade books, and his younger brother Jian Peijun.

Precautions:

(1) A Record of Monks in Zuo Jie-In the fourth year of Tang Zhenyuan (788), a house of big monks and nuns was established in Zuoyou Street. A record of the monks in the left street tube section. Liu Gongquan's Diamond Sutra was written for the monks in Youjie in the fourth year of Changqing (824).

(2) Giving purple-in the Tang Dynasty, purple was used for more than three categories, and scarlet was used for more than five categories. Monks, Taoist priests and painters also give purple. Must be a goldfish bag.

(3) Goldfish Bags-Since Tang Gaozong, in order to prevent the imperial edict from being falsified, more than five whitebait bags have been painted and more than three goldfish bags have been worn.

(4) Duan Fu (770—836), a monk in the Tang Dynasty, was born in Tianshui. He became a monk at the age of ten and was recruited when he was in Dezong. He discussed with Confucianism and Taoism, and gave him a purple robe, which recorded his becoming a monk in Zuo Jie. He became a monk in the first year and was called Da Da.

(5) in the play-read as alas, exclamations.

(6) high eyes and deep eyes, big mouth-forehead. H: chin.

(7) Bodhi-Sanskrit, which means "Tao" in Chinese.

(8) Shami-a teenager who became a monk, was first ordained by Shami and became a monk at the age of 20.

(9) Dignity-dignified words and commandments, which only decorate Rong Zhi, confuse the world, cover up fame and fortune, and be respected.

(10) lawyer-Buddhism calls a monk who is good at saying commandments a lawyer.

(1 1) Insisting on crime-keeping precepts is also called.

(12) only propagandizes the knowledge of righteousness-Buddhism believes that knowledge is the knowledge of mind, and Mahayana Bodhisattva overcomes all external laws in the world. Self-purity is not true. This meaning is profound and wonderful, and only the meaning is known. This is just a general idea.

(13) Nirvana-Sanskrit refers to a state beyond life and death. Nirvana means not being born. Plate, refers to the fairy.

(14) In the summer, the imperial court leveled the area, bound Wu Woshu, and detained Cai Dang-referring to the chaos caused by Li Chunyuan, the first emperor of Xianzong, and the provincial army settled down from the first year to the thirteenth year.

(15) genus-refers to monks, most of whom wear black.

(16) Lingshan-Buddhism calls Ling jiusan Lingshan. It is a holy place for Sakyamuni to preach.

(17) Cloud Sammi is close to yoga-Buddha Sammi means that the body, mouth and heart of the Tathagata are incredible. Yoga, in Sanskrit, is the corresponding meaning, so it says: "Body and mouth are related, the slogan refers to, mind and body are integrated, and the three industries correspond." So, yoga. " This sentence means that Duan Fu has practiced to the unity of body, mouth and mind, and the unity with Buddha.

(18) Know this place-know it and start all over again. Knowing this land is everywhere. Note that the words on the inscription are not written.

(19) Four phases-raw phase, raw phase, heterogeneous phase and absolute phase.

(20) Chapi-Sanskrit, which means burning. This refers to cremation according to Duan's father's will.

(2 1) The sage robbed a thousand buddhas, and the fourth one was benevolence-the sage robbed. In Buddhist language, there were many sages in this robbery. Sakyamuni robbed the four buddhas of being saints. The Chinese translation of "Sakyamuni" is Nengren.