What are the functions of the five internal organs?

The content of human viscera in Huangdi Neijing is called "Zangxiang", which is an important part of basic science of traditional Chinese medicine. The word "Tibetan elephant" can be found in Su Wen's Six Stories of Tibetan Elephants. "Hiding" means hiding inside, which refers to the internal organs hidden in the body. (it was rewritten as dirty after being hidden, and now it is simplified as dirty). "Image", Bing Wang explained: "Image refers to what the outside world sees and can be read." Refers to various phenomena in which visceral activities are manifested on the body surface. It is the basic thinking method and main content of the theory of Tibetan images to infer the activities of the five internal organs by observing the "images" on the human body surface. Su Wen Wu Zang Gen Pian said: "The image of five zang organs can be analogized." Accordingly, Bing Wang further clarified his meaning: "It means meteorology. Although the Five Zangs are invisible, they are meteorological and can be compared. who is it? The liver is as straight as wood, the heart inflammation is like fire, the spleen is as quiet as earth, the lungs are as hard as gold, and the kidneys are as moist as water. If you are a husband, you will make many predictions. Among them, those who change with things, such as the law, can be pushed by the same kind. " Bing Wang's statement has clearly explained how the theory of Tibetan elephant came into being. In an era of underdeveloped science and technology, it is of positive significance for the ancients to reveal the physiological and pathological activities of those secret organs in the body with logical thinking. To sum up, the concept of "Zangxiang" in traditional Chinese medicine is essentially different from that of "Zangxiang" in western medicine, and the focus of the study of "Zangxiang" should be the relationship between various manifestations of human physiology and pathology and viscera.

First of all, the heart

Heart is "the foundation of life", which means the foundation of life. This is because the heart has the function of controlling the mind and blood vessels. Huangdi Neijing holds that the "heart" is the head of the five internal organs of the human body and has the role of commander-in-chief, so it is called "the official of the monarch".

(A) the heart governs the blood vessels

Ancient doctors observed the connection between heart and blood vessels from anatomical practice. Heart governing blood vessels means that the heart has the function of promoting blood circulation in blood vessels, so the sufficiency of heart qi directly affects the normal and rapid blood flow. If the function of the heart governing the blood vessels is normal, the blood vessels are smooth and the pulse condition is gentle and powerful; If the function of the main blood vessels of the heart is not perfect, the blood vessels are empty and the pulse is weak or irregular.

(2) The mind governs the gods.

God has a broad sense and a narrow sense. God in a broad sense refers to the vitality of human life, which can also be said to be the floorboard of life activities.

God in a narrow sense refers to people's spiritual consciousness and thinking activities.

The heart is the god of life, which means that the heart has the function of controlling all organs of the whole body to carry out functional activities in a coordinated and orderly manner. The five internal organs of the human body perform their duties and can cooperate with each other, which is the basic guarantee of vigorous life activities, and the external performance is the presence of God. Therefore, "On the Secret Code of Su Wen Ling Lan" said: "The heart is the monarch, and the god is outside."

Mind dominates mental thinking activities, and "the official of mind is thinking" means that people's perception of external things is dominated by mind. In Neijing, this process is called "letting things go", and the soul pivot is the spirit, saying, "So let things be called the heart." Ren means service and acceptance. If the function of the mind governing the gods is normal, people will be full of energy, clear-headed, and not disorderly thinking, so Chinese medicine often blames diseases such as unconsciousness and unconsciousness on the heart.

(c) The heart begins to understand the tongue.

Chinese medicine believes that the tongue is the "seedling of the heart". Tongue has the functions of controlling taste, assisting in chewing and swallowing food and assisting in pronunciation. It turns out that the pulse of the heart is tied to the root of the tongue, so the heart begins to understand the tongue. Clinically, the stiff tongue and inflexible rotation lead to unclear pronunciation and redness of the tip of the tongue, all of which are caused by heart disease.

(4) Its China is just around the corner.

Heart-qi has the function of promoting blood circulation in veins. Deficiency of heart blood leads to pulse deficiency, and deficiency of heart qi leads to weak pulse or irregular rhythm. In the process of blood circulation, the heart and pulse are closely related. "Su Wen's Theory of Six Zang Images" Theory;

"The heart ... is on its face." Because the face is rich in blood vessels, the situation of the heart and blood vessels can often be shown by the color of the face. If you are full of qi, your face will be ruddy and shiny, if you are not full of qi, your face will be pale and dull, and if you are stagnant, your face will be blue and dull.

Second, the lungs

The lung is the source of qi. Su Wen's Secret Sutra of Linglan says that the lung is an official who helps the monarch adjust his officials. Its main functions are controlling qi, regulating breathing, attending festivals, treating pulse and regulating waterways.

(a) the main gas, breathing.

Su Wen's theory of dealing with Yin and Yang says: "The weather is connected with the lungs." The weather here refers to the air in nature. In the process of metabolism, the human body continuously inhales clear air and exhales turbid air, and the lung has the function of controlling breathing, which is the place for the exchange of clear and turbid air. Su Wen Wu Zang Gen Pian said: "Qi belongs to the lung." This means that the lung is the main qi of the whole body, which is related to the formation of clan qi. Natural clear qi inhaled by lung and Shui Gu qi transmitted by spleen and stomach accumulate in the chest to form ancestral qi, and the generation and distribution of ancestral qi are closely related to the function of lung. If the lung's function of controlling qi and breathing is lost, the breathing movement will stop, the ancestral qi will not be generated, and human life will stop accordingly.

(2) Water diversion channels

The production, dressing and excretion of body fluid all need the promotion of qi. The lung governs qi, so it can promote the operation of water and liquid and keep the waterway unobstructed. Some pathological changes of water and fluid stagnation seen in clinic are often caused by the weak promotion of lung qi, so there is a saying that the lung "opens the eyes to water"

The main function of lung is to communicate with water channel through the function of lung, so as to promote and inhibit descending. Faxuan means to promote differences. Through the declaration of the lungs, the water is transported upward to the whole body; Through the descending of lung, the metabolized water is transported to the bladder, so the descending of lung qi not only has the function of regulating water channels, but also plays an important role in regulating the metabolic balance of water-saving liquid, so there is a saying that lung is the source of water.

(3) Pulse in the middle of the festival and in the morning.

Tide has the meaning of convergence, and the lung faces the pulse, which was also observed by the ancients in anatomical practice. The heart is connected with the blood vessels of the lungs. This anatomical structure made the ancients come to the conclusion that "the lung faces the pulse", and also produced the concept that the lung helped the monarch manage the heart and regulate the whole body's qi and blood.

The rise and fall of lung qi makes the whole body's blood converge on the lung through the hundred veins, and the lung also transports the qi to the whole body through the hundred veins.

As Su Wen's theory of meridian differentiation said: "Eating qi enters the stomach, turbid qi returns to the heart, yin is refined in the pulse, and the pulse flows in it. Meridian qi belongs to the lung, the lung welcomes the pulse, the essence is lost in the fur, the pulse is refined, and the qi travels in the house. " In fact, the "pulse and essence" here means that heart (pulse) blood and lung (hair) gas are combined to nourish essence and injected into the house.

The heart governs blood, the lung governs qi, and qi and blood flow complement each other, so the heart is the king and plays a leading role, while the lung is the mutually beneficial official, which helps the heart govern politics and plays a regulatory role.

(4) Lung governs fur.

Skin refers to skin, and hair is hair attached to skin. The texture of skin and muscle is called "texture". There are sweat pores on the skin, which are channels for sweat excretion and are called "valves" or "mystery house". The lung qi can nourish fur, and the lung distributes Stephy and body fluid to fur through the function of promoting hair, so that fur can play a normal physiological function, and sweat pores on the skin also have the function of dispersing qi and regulating breathing. The relationship between lung and fur is often manifested in pathology, such as the invasion of foreign evil, fur bears the brunt. Pathogenic moss enters the lungs first, and there are symptoms of lung failure such as aversion to cold and fever, stuffy nose and cough. Lung qi deficiency can also affect the external health function of the skin; Fur can't be nourished by lung qi, but it will be gaunt.

(5) The lung opens in the nose.

The nose is the gateway to breathing, and the lungs breathe, so the nose is the orifice of the lungs. The ventilation and sense of smell of the nose depend on the function of lung qi, and lung diseases are often caused by inhalation of exogenous pathogens by the nose and mouth. The olfactory disorder of the nose also reflects the dysfunction of the lung.

Third, the spleen

Spleen is the root of granary. In ancient times, the place where grain was stored was called granary, and the place where rice was stored was called granary. The so-called "root of granary" means that the spleen and stomach are the treasure house of human diet and the place where Shui Gu's essence is digested and transported. The nutrition obtained by the human body depends entirely on the digestion and transportation of food and drink by the spleen and stomach, so Chinese medicine calls the spleen and stomach "the root of the day after tomorrow". The main function of spleen is to transport and regulate blood.

(1) spleen governs transport and transformation.

Transportation is transshipment transportation, and transformation is digestion and absorption. The food and drink ingested by the human body includes water and grains (including all edible things), so the spleen governs transportation, including transportation of Shui Gu and transportation of water and liquid.

Shui Gu essence: Shui Gu essence formed by digestion of the stomach after eating needs the transport of the spleen. Su Wen Bing Qi Lun said: "The five flavors of husband are hidden in the stomach, and the spleen is essence." Therefore, whether the viscera and organs of the human body can get sufficient nutrition is closely related to the transportation and transformation of the spleen. Both the production of blood and the formation of ancestral qi need to be nourished and supplemented by Shui Gu's essence, so the transportation of spleen is also directly related to the production of qi and blood, so TCM calls spleen "the biochemical source of qi and blood".

Transport and transformation of water: after water enters the stomach, its essence also needs the transport and transformation of spleen. Su Wen Jue Lun said: "Spleen governs the stomach to regulate its body fluids." Traditional Chinese medicine believes that the transport and excretion of whole body water is also completed by the transport and excretion of spleen. Decreased function of spleen transport and transformation can lead to retention of body fluid, phlegm and edema.

Traditional Chinese medicine calls the essence of food and drink after digestion "clear" and the dross "turbid". The spleen controls the transport of subtle substances, which is characterized by "ascending", so the spleen has the function of ascending Qing; The stomach transports dregs downward to the intestine, which is characterized by "descending", so the stomach has the function of descending turbidity. Spleen and stomach rise and fall together to complete the digestion and absorption function of human body.

(2) control blood

The spleen governs blood, which means that the spleen has the function of controlling and protecting blood from overflowing outside the pulse. "Difficult classics" said:

"Spleen ... main blood." That's what I'm saying. Qi has the function of controlling blood, and the pulse also needs nutrients such as Shui Gu essence from the spleen to be elastic and firm, so it can protect blood, so if the spleen is not enough to control blood, various bleeding syndromes will appear.

(3) Spleen governs muscles and limbs.

"Lingshu Jing" says: "Bone is the stem, pulse is the camp, tendon is the rigidity, and meat is the wall." The so-called "meat is a wall" means that muscles have a protective effect on human internal organs. The nutrition required by muscles depends on the delicate supply of spleen and Shui Gu, so muscle fullness is a sign of good temper.

Limbs also need spleen to supply nutrition in order to be light, flexible and powerful. If the temper is insufficient, there will be weakness and weakness in limbs. Therefore, Su Wen's On Tai Yin Yangming said: "Spleen disease without limbs."

(d) The spleen opens to the mouth.

Food and drink first enter the human body through the mouth, and the spleen and stomach are the viscera that digest and transmit the essence of water grains. Therefore, Su Wen's theory of Yin and Yang should be like what the big picture says: "The spleen ... is in the mouth." Diseases of the spleen and stomach often affect the oral cavity, such as spleen heat, which is prone to aphtha; When the spleen is wet and sleepy, the mouth is tasteless or sweet, and there is a sticky feeling in the mouth.

The edge of the mouth is the lip, and the rise and fall of the spleen is often manifested from the lip. If you have a full temper, your lips will be rosy and shiny; Spleen deficiency leads to pale and dull lips; Spleen heat often causes sores on the lips, so the spleen is called "in the lips".

Fourth, the liver

Huangdi Neijing says that the liver is "the foundation of stopping extremes". "Stop" leads to "fatigue". The so-called "foundation of ultimate pressure" means that the liver is the foundation of human fatigue tolerance. This is because the liver has the function of storing blood, which can adjust the blood volume and ensure the demand for blood during human exercise. The liver is also the main muscle, and muscles have the function of restraining joints. Only when the fascia is nourished can you exercise vigorously. Liver also has the function of relieving qi. According to Chinese medicine, the liver is fond of dispersing qi, depressed and like a military commander, so it is called "the official of a general".

(1) Liver storing blood

The human body needs a lot of blood to support during exercise, but it needs less blood during rest and sleep. Bing Wang said:

"Liver stores blood, heart stores blood. When people exercise, blood is transported to the meridians, while when people are still, blood is stored in the liver. who is it? The liver governs the blood sea. " The liver has the function of storing and regulating blood, so it is called "the treasure house of blood".

(2) The liver governs excretion.

Drainage is dredging and exhausting. Liver governing the discharge means that the liver has the function of discharging the whole body's qi. Lung is the main qi in the whole body, and the smooth operation of qi is closely related to the release of liver. If the liver loses the function of transforming qi, there will be pathological changes of qi stagnation; If the liver excretes too much, it will also cause the disorder of qi movement and the symptoms of liver qi rushing up and down.

The influence of the catharsis function of the liver on physiological activities mainly includes the following aspects:

Effects on the digestive function of the spleen and stomach: the spleen dominates the ascending, the stomach dominates the descending of turbidity, and the ascending and descending of * * all complete the digestive and absorption function of the human body, and the release of liver is an important condition for the smooth flow of qi in the spleen and stomach. If the liver loses the function of regulating qi and affects the temper, there will be symptoms such as diarrhea, loss of appetite and abdominal distension, which are called "disharmony between liver and spleen" or "disharmony between liver and stomach".

Influence on emotions: Although people's emotional activities are dominated by the heart, they are also closely related to the release of the liver. When the liver excretes normally, the qi flows smoothly, and qi and blood are in harmony, people are calm and cheerful. On the other hand, abnormal emotional activity will also affect the release of liver qi, resulting in the symptoms of "great anger hurting the liver"; Or the emotions can't be vented, and the symptoms of "qi stagnation hurting the liver" appear.

Influence on bile excretion and female menstruation: bile is the internal and external organs of the liver, which stores bile and bile excretion depends on the excretion function of the liver. "Pulse Meridian" says: "The excess of the liver overflows the gallbladder and concentrates on the essence." Explain the relationship between liver and bile excretion. Women's menstrual flow is also related to the excretion of the liver. If the excretion function of the liver is normal, menstruation will be normal and smooth. If the liver loses the function of regulating qi, menstrual cycle disorder, menstrual disorder, amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea and so on will occur. This is because qi can also promote blood circulation, and the circulation of qi depends on the function of relieving qi of liver.

(III) Main reinforcement of liver

Tendon, also known as fascia, has the function of connecting and restraining joints and presiding over human movements. Su Wen Wei Lun said: "Zongjin mainly binds the bones and benefits the organs." This is what tendons do. The qi and blood of the liver can moisten and nourish fascia. Su Wen's theory of meridian differentiation says: "Eating qi enters the stomach, dispersing essence in the liver, and yin qi in the tendons." This shows that the liver has nourishing effect on tendons. When people reach old age, the liver qi gradually weakens, and the activity of tendons and veins also weakens, resulting in slow movement, inflexible movements and weak gait. In the course of the disease, no matter what liver-blood deficiency occurs, so that blood can not nourish tendons, tendon contracture, tremors of hands and feet, convulsions and other symptoms will occur. The so-called "liver wind moving internally".

Traditional Chinese medicine believes that "claws remove tendons", so claw nails also need liver blood to nourish. Deficiency of liver and blood, thin and soft fingernails, easy to break, and dry color. As Su Wen Wu Zang Gen Pian said, "The liver is full of muscles and its claws are glorious." Therefore, the fluctuation of claw nails and the change of color are the external conditions for observing the fluctuation of liver qi and blood.

(4) The liver begins to understand the eyes.

The purpose is to see, "Su Wen Wu Zang Gen Pian" says: "The liver can see when it receives blood." The eyes function normally by nourishing the liver and blood, so the liver begins to understand the eyes. Under pathological conditions, liver diseases are often reflected in the eyes, the eyes are dry due to deficiency of liver yin, liver blood deficiency can't see clearly, the eyes are red due to wind-heat in the liver, and the eyes are red due to inflammation of liver fire.

Verb (short for verb) kidney

Kidney is the foundation of storing essence, and its main physiological functions are storing essence, balancing water and liquid metabolism and absorbing qi. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that the kidney plays an important role in human reproduction, growth and development, and is called the "innate foundation".

(1) Tibetan sperm

"Six Views on Tibetan Elephants in Su Wen" said: "The kidney governs the sting, and the essence is also sealed." On the one hand, its hidden essence is inherited from its parents' innate essence; On the other hand, as Su Wen's ancient naive theory said: "The kidney governs water and hides in the essence of the five internal organs", that is, it stores the essence produced by the human body the day after tomorrow.

Because kidney essence has reproductive function, kidney is closely related to human reproductive function. Women's Erqi, men's Erqi, full of kidney qi, so women's menarche, men began to discharge sperm, with reproductive capacity; Women are seventy-seven, men are eighty-eight, and their kidney qi is failing, so women have amenorrhea, men have less sperm and lose their reproductive function.

The acquired essence stored in kidney has nutritional function, so it can promote the growth and development of human body. If kidney deficiency and essence are insufficient, children will have symptoms of growth retardation.

(2) Kidney governs water

Kidney is dirty water, which plays an extremely important role in regulating the water-liquid balance in the body. The regulation of body fluid by kidney is mainly realized by the gasification of kidney. If the kidney's gasification is normal, it will open and close normally. When kidney yang is turned on, water and liquid can be output and excreted; Closing the kidney yin can slow down the generation and distribution of water and reduce the excretion of water. Only when the kidney yin and kidney yang are balanced can the water discharge be normal and appropriate.

(3) Kidney governs qi.

Lin, a physician in the Qing Dynasty, said: "The lung governs qi, the kidney is the root of qi, the lung governs qi, the kidney governs qi, yin and yang intersect, and breathing is harmonious." Although the lung is the main respiratory function of human body, the inhaled gas must be absorbed by the kidney to maintain its depth. Kidney governing qi is also the concrete embodiment that kidney is the foundation of storing. If the kidney qi is insufficient to inhale, there will be pathological manifestations of shallow breathing or more breathing but less inhalation, which is called "kidney does not inhale" in Chinese medicine.

(4) The kidney dominates the bone.

Skeleton is the scaffold of human body, which supports human body. Bone is a strange and constant fu-organ, and there is bone marrow in the bone cavity, which is born of kidney essence. Sufficient kidney essence, full bone marrow and strong bones. Deficiency of kidney essence leads to bone marrow emptiness and weak bones without nutrition.

(5) The kidney opens to the ear and the second yin.

The ear is an auditory organ, and its hearing depends on the essence of the kidney as a nutritional supplement. "Ling Shu Jue Qi" says: "Those who are refined are deaf." Explain the effect of kidney essence on ear hearing. The essence in the kidney of the elderly is reduced, so the hearing drops every time.

The front and rear yin are the outlets for human body to excrete turbid substances, and the opening and closing of their excretion depends on the regulation of kidney qi, so there is a saying that "the kidney opens its orifices to the second yin".

Attachment: kidney qi, kidney yin, kidney yang, life gate

(1) kidney qi

In traditional Chinese medicine, "kidney qi" is a concept that often appears. Broadly speaking, it refers to the function of kidney or essence in kidney. Kidney qi is the foundation of human health, growth, strength, aging and decline. When kidney qi is insufficient, children will have growth retardation; Young people see that reproductive organs are stunted and sexual maturity is slow; Middle-aged people can see sexual dysfunction and frigidity; The elderly accelerate aging, so in the process of human life, kidney qi is very important, and kidney qi is reflected by kidney yin and kidney yang.

The life process of human body has experienced three stages: growth and development, maturity and aging. The physiological characteristics of each stage are described in detail in Su Wen's "Ancient Naivety": "The woman is seven years old, full of kidney qi and has long teeth. On the 27 th, the pulse passed, the pulse was too strong, the moon was in the present, and there was a son. Sanqi, the average kidney qi, so the real teeth are extremely healthy. 47. Strong bones and muscles, extremely long hair and strong body. On May 7th, Yangming's pulse failed, his face began to burn and his hair began to fall off. Sixty-seven, the upper part of Sanyang pulse declines, the face is burnt, and the hair begins to turn white.

On July 7, the pulse was weak, the pulse was too weak, the sky was exhausted, and the tunnel was impassable, so the shape difference was childless. My husband is eight years old, with strong kidneys and long teeth. Twenty-eight, the kidney is full of qi, the sky is full, the essence overflows, and the yin and yang are harmonious, so you can have children. 38, the kidney is general, the bones and muscles are strong, so the real teeth are born and long. Forty-eight, strong bones and muscles, strong body. 58, kidney qi failure, tooth loss. Sixty-eight-year-old, yang failing on the body, burning face and gray hair. Seventy-eight, liver qi failure, muscle immobility, exhaustion of the sky, lack of sperm, kidney failure, excellent health. Eight or eight, and then the teeth were sent.

The kidney governs water, and water is hidden by the essence of the five internal organs, so the five internal organs can diarrhea. Today, all the five Tibetans are failing, and all their bones and muscles are failing, and heaven is exhausted. So the hair is white, the body is heavy, the steps are not straight, and there are no ears. "

According to this passage in Neijing, the three stages of human life process show different physiological characteristics:

1. The first stage of female growth and development is 7 to 14 years old, and the male is 8 to 16 years old. At this stage, men and women's kidney qi began to fill, so there was a physiological performance of changing teeth and vigorous hair growth. Because the kidney dominates the bone and the teeth are "outside the bone", the enrichment of kidney qi is manifested as "its flowers are in the hair"

From fourteen to twenty-one years old for women and sixteen to thirty-one years old for men, the kidney qi is further enriched, and a substance called "Tiangui" is produced, and the reproductive function begins to mature. When women have menarche, men begin to ejaculate, which indicates the maturity of the body.

2. The mature women, from 2 1 year old to 35 years old, experienced two stages: March 7th and April 7th. From the age of 24 to 40, men have experienced two stages: "March 8" and "April 8". During this period, the kidney qi is vigorous and balanced, and the qi of the five internal organs is also abundant, so the body is healthy and energetic, which is the life stage of the prime of life. Women are about twenty-one years old, and men begin to grow wisdom teeth at the age of twenty-four, which is also a manifestation of kidney qi enrichment.

3. Women begin to age at the age of thirty-five, while men gradually enter the aging period at the age of forty.

From the age of thirty-five, a woman's Yangming pulse declined, her face became haggard and her hair began to fall off. At the age of forty-two, the qi and blood of Sanyang Meridian began to decline, and her face became gaunt and her hair began to turn white. At the age of forty-nine, "Tiangui" disappeared, menstruation began to stop, and reproductive ability was lost.

From the age of forty, men's kidney qi began to decline, their hair began to fall off and their teeth gradually withered. As stated in Su Wen's Theory of Yin and Yang: "Forty years old, and Yin Qi is half a year old, and his life expectancy is declining." From the age of 48, the yang began to decline, his face began to haggard, and his temples appeared gray; About 56 years old, with less liver qi failure and weakened muscle strength; Since the age of sixty-four, teeth have fallen off, sperm are few, reproductive ability has gradually lost, and the human body has completely aged.

It can be seen from this passage that the development, prosperity and aging of the human body depend on the rise and fall of kidney qi, so "kidney qi" is very important to the human body.

(2) Kidney yang

Kidney yang, also known as Yuanyang, is the birthplace of human thermal energy. The viscera and organs of the whole body operate normally by the warmth of the yang in the kidney, so if the yang in the kidney is sufficient, the yang in the whole body will be sufficient. If the yang in the kidney is insufficient, the yang in the whole body will also decrease. Su Wen's theory of anger reaching heaven says: "Yang is in the sky, and Yang is in the sun. If it is lost, it will be lost and not obvious." Comparing the sun in the sky with the spirit of the sun, we can see its importance. Therefore, the deficiency of kidney yang weakens the functions of all organs in the whole body, showing pale face, cold limbs, decreased reproductive function and weakened digestive ability.

(3) Kidney yin

Kidney yin is also called Yuan Yin. Contrary to kidney yang, kidney yin has the function of moistening and nourishing human body. Body fluid and blood of human body are produced under the impetus of kidney yin, and the essence of reproduction also belongs to the category of kidney yin. Kidney yin also has a certain restrictive effect on kidney yang. If yin does not control yang, there will be symptoms of getting angry. Under normal circumstances, kidney yin and kidney yang should be kept in relative balance, which is the guarantee of human health.

(4) Mingmen

In Neijing, "Mingmen" refers to the eyes. For example, "The Root Knot of Soul Pivot" says: "The gate of life is the eye." "Difficult Classics" holds that "two kidneys are not two kidneys, the left is the kidney, and the right is the life gate." Since then, many doctors have put forward many new theories about the Ming Gate, but what is the Ming Gate is still inconclusive. As far as the meaning of "Mingmen" is concerned, it is nothing more than emphasizing its importance, and it is "Mingmen". According to the opinions of various factions in the past dynasties, Mingmen has both "true water" and "true fire". It can be considered that the fire in Mingmen refers to kidney yang and the water in Mingmen refers to kidney yin, so the concept of "Mingmen" put forward by ancient doctors is nothing more than emphasizing essence in kidney. Yuan Yin and Yuanyang are the foundation of human life and are of great significance to the human body.