Space civilization

After the land, sea and atmosphere, mankind has finally opened up the fourth territory-space through unremitting efforts. Yang Liwei's small step into space is a big step for the Chinese nation. It marks the beginning of a new era of "space civilization" in China.

Although our understanding and utilization of the universe has just begun, today's exploration is the future way of life. If we miss the era of "space civilization", we will lose the opportunity of social development just like we missed the era of great navigation 500 years ago-

We live in an era when the fruits of "space civilization" are widely used. However, human space exploration has just begun. Space provides us with advanced resources, microgravity resources, ultra-high vacuum resources, unlimited energy and material resources, and boundless space resources. In space, human beings may find things that are not found on the earth, and can conduct new experiments on physical and chemical processes, understand the origin of life and the origin of the universe from a new angle, open up endless living space and create a new way of life. ...

Cosmic communication

Make the earth very small

"I didn't expect even ordinary people like me to enjoy the services provided by space." As soon as space flight was mentioned, Master Wang Guoping, who was driving a taxi in Beijing, talked with reporters endlessly.

Master Wang's beloved red Fukang taxi is equipped with GPS global positioning device. When he chooses his destination, this positioning device with a map of the capital can point out the alternative roads for him. At the same time, this locator can also let the person in charge of command and dispatch in the company know where he is, and if someone calls the company nearby, he can get the information immediately.

"This helps me a lot." Master Wang said.

However, Master Wang may not know that the connection between his life and space is far more than a GPS navigation and positioning instrument. When he searched for basketball games on dozens of channels, he didn't know that he was already one of the users of China's hundreds of millions of satellite TV-when he was cheering for China's men's basketball team to win the Asian Cup, it was through satellites in space that this fierce game scene entered his TV screen, and there were more and more accurate weather forecasts. Space, a mysterious field as far away as ordinary people can only imagine, is so closely related to our daily life.

"Only one satellite communication technology has provided modern society with hundreds of services such as telephone, data transmission, TV relay, satellite TV education, mobile communication, rescue and telemedicine, which has greatly changed our way of life."

Gu Yidong, chief designer of the space application system of China's manned spaceflight project, told the reporter that1April 8, 984, China's first experimental communication satellite was successfully launched. Today, in terms of satellite radio and television alone, China has launched 47 TV programs and more than 70 audio broadcasts, making the coverage of satellite TV and radio in China more than 90%, and tens of millions of people in China have received education and training through satellite radio and television.

space exploration

Almighty "clairvoyance"

People may not know that in the summer of 1998, when the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, Nenjiang River and Songhua River were flooded, the remote sensing satellite ground station monitored the most severely affected areas all day and all weather according to the microwave remote sensing data obtained by the satellite, which provided an important basis for disaster prevention and relief.

After decades of development, China's space industry has the ability to provide services for disaster prevention and mitigation. In the past five years, China has launched five satellites in three series, namely, meteorology, ocean and resources, which has effectively played the role of "clairvoyance" in disaster prevention and mitigation.

China International Disaster Reduction Committee said that at present, the satellites used for disaster prevention and reduction are mainly Earth observation satellites. Satellite data plays an important role in disaster prevention and mitigation, such as disaster prediction, timely understanding of disaster development and disaster loss assessment.

Meteorological satellites have become an indispensable means of weather analysis and forecast, disastrous weather monitoring and climate analysis and forecast in China, and have also played an important role in monitoring fires, snowstorms and sandstorms in China. Resource satellites have great application potential in disaster assessment, regional dynamic monitoring and management of disasters and information support for disaster prevention and mitigation planning. In June and September, 2002, China discovered red tides in Bohai Sea and East China coast by using Haiyang-1 satellite, which provided a scientific basis for the decision-making of marine environmental protection departments.

In terms of environmental protection, the State Environmental Protection Administration said that the use of satellite technology can quickly and widely observe the atmosphere, soil, vegetation, water quality, etc., and provide decision-making basis for environmental protection; It can also realize the collection and transmission of environmental quality data in remote areas.

In addition, satellites can also provide fishermen with information on the location of fish, and provide farmers with services such as crop yield estimation and pest prediction.

Xinhua News Agency reported on August 7th that China will launch two small optical satellites and a small synthetic aperture radar satellite in 2006 for environmental and disaster monitoring and forecasting. After the small satellite is put into use, it will make China's environmental and disaster monitoring and forecasting level reach a higher level.

Satellite monitoring data even contribute to the research and development of cosmetics. Not long ago, a French cosmetics company asked the satellites of the European Space Agency to help analyze the types and concentrations of air pollutants in different regions, and based on this, developed cosmetics with different characteristics for different regions.

Space creatures

Agriculture in the new century is completely transformed.

In recent years, it has become a hot research topic to use special spatial environment to induce plant character variation and cultivate new varieties with excellent characters.

On September 3, good news came from Taoyuan Township, Yongsheng County, on the Jinsha River in northwest Yunnan. After actual cutting and acceptance by rice experts, the yield per mu of "Ⅱ You 247" dry grain planted by farmer Zhang Hengchang is 1 183.8 1 kg, which shows the super-high yield potential and sets a record since the advent of space rice. "Ⅱ You 247" was bred by Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences with aerospace breeding materials as parents, which has the characteristics of strong disease resistance, high yield, high quality and wide adaptability.

Super space rice is just one of the achievements of China Sky Breeding. According to incomplete statistics, since 1987, more than 800 varieties of plant seeds have been bred in space by recoverable satellites launched by China, and a number of new crop lines and varieties with high yield and high quality have been cultivated, and the yield has generally increased by 10% ~ 20%. For example, the protein content of space rice has increased by 8% ~ 12%, and the cumulative trial planting area has reached several million mu. There is also a space green pepper with large fruit, high quality and strong disease resistance-its average single fruit weight is 70% higher than that of the original species, and the maximum single fruit weight is 700 grams.

"At present, the breeding practice of green pepper seeds has been 14 years, and it has been widely promoted in many places in China." Liang, an academician of China Academy of Sciences and an aerospace expert, wrote in the book A Journey to Space published this year. He said that he personally ate a 500-gram space pepper, which has higher vitamin content than ordinary green pepper and tastes good.

space technology

The civilian sector has flourished.

The space laboratory provides mankind with much more than that. New drugs, new materials, new species ... According to the statistics of relevant departments, 80% of China's 1 100 new materials were developed under the traction of space technology. At present, 1800 aerospace technology achievements have been transplanted to all sectors of the national economy, and a large number of aerospace technologies have been applied to TV broadcasting, textile, petroleum, transportation, medical care and other industries, which are constantly changing people's lives.

Two children with xeroderma pigmentosum in Britain and France recently tried on a one-piece protective suit made by the European Space Agency, which can protect them from being burned by ultraviolet rays outdoors.

This jumpsuit uses the radiation protection coating used on the surface of the spacecraft to ensure that ultraviolet rays cannot penetrate the jumpsuit. In order not to be sultry in summer, a space cooling system is specially embedded in the protective clothing.

At this year's Paris International Aviation and Aerospace Exhibition, UNESCO signed an agreement with the European Space Agency to use satellites to protect the world cultural heritage. According to aerospace experts, at present, civil ground observation satellites can observe objects 60 cm in size on the ground, which provides a very good means for understanding and tracking forest changes, land use, natural and cultural heritage protection and the activities of endangered animals in nature reserves. The agreement signed this time is mainly to observe and protect 730 scenic spots around the world listed as cultural heritage by UNESCO, especially natural scenic spots in Africa.

Spatial development

The performance has just begun.

On September 23rd, German scientists put forward a plan to build a solar power plant in space, claiming that it is expected that people on earth will directly use energy from space in 50 years.

These scientists demonstrated a new type of laser equipment, which will use a laser beam to transmit the energy collected in space back to Earth. Scientists explained that their plan is to first use solar cells to collect solar energy in space 36 thousand kilometers away from the earth, and then transmit the energy back to the earth through laser beams.

Although this grand plan seems a little far from reality. But scientists say they plan to send the first laser device to the International Space Station in 2008, and the first "space power station" will start working 50 years later.

In contrast, space travel that once appeared in science fiction is no longer so unattainable. On July 4th, a Russian aerospace source revealed that the International Space Station had sold its third tourist ticket. The American space exploration company, which is responsible for developing the tourism business of the International Space Station, has signed a preliminary contract with the third visitor of the International Space Station. In 200/kloc-0 and 2002, American billionaire dennis tito and South African businessman Mark Saud Woolworth visited the International Space Station successively, and they paid a sky-high price of $20 million for a space trip of about 1 week respectively.

"Land, sea, air and sky are the four major territories of human activities. Fifty years ago, mankind began to step into the fourth territory-space. " Yuan Jiajun, commander-in-chief of China's manned space system, said that since the development of space technology for half a century, more than 4,000 spacecraft have been launched into space orbit around the world. "It can be said that our lives are inseparable from them."

From the land to the sky, every new field has greatly promoted the development of human civilization. What is the real "space civilization" era? Maybe none of us can imagine. However, with China's first astronaut about to go into space, we can be sure that China is also moving towards the era of "space civilization".

interconnection

More than 2000 years ago, mankind began to March into the ocean, less than 100 years ago, and 50 years ago, mankind began to step into the fourth territory-space. The development of various regions in Xinjiang has greatly promoted the development of human civilization.

China, March into the fourth territory.

Xinhua News Agency reporter Guo Chuhuang Jia Yong Cao Zhi

June 65438+1October 65438+June 2003, China's first manned space flight was a complete success. China's first astronaut, Yang Liwei, flew around the earth 14 times in a spaceship developed by China, and landed safely in the grassland of Inner Mongolia.

This is a historic step for China people to enter the universe and an epoch-making great achievement for China's space industry.

On April 24th, 33 years ago, a melodious piece of music, Dongfanghong, came from deep and mysterious space, piercing the night sky and echoing the earth. China became the fifth country in the world to launch an artificial earth satellite; Today, when Yang Liwei walked out of the Shenzhou 5 manned spacecraft return module, China became the third member of the international "Space Club".

Yang Liwei's 600,000-kilometer space journey is just a stone's throw away in the vast space. However, this is a dream and expectation that a nation has been waiting for thousands of years.

Since ancient times, human beings have had the desire to fly out of the earth, explore the mysteries of space and develop the resources of the universe. After thousands of years of efforts, mankind finally flew out of its cradle-the earth in the 20th century, thus opening up the fourth territory after land, sea and atmosphere.

Since the launch of the first artificial earth satellite in 1957, space science and technology has become one of the most influential science and technology in the world today. If electricity and oil are the lifeblood of the industrial revolution, the aerospace industry, which has made special contributions in communication, navigation and timing, remote sensing, monitoring and meteorology, will surely become an indispensable role in the information revolution in the 2 1 century.

Humans have landed on the moon, and human spacecraft have visited the main members of the solar system and conducted repeated investigations on most planets. At present, the establishment of a lunar base and landing on Mars have entered a specific research stage. However, facing the infinite universe, our understanding and utilization have just begun.

In this brand-new era of "space civilization", the assertion that the earth is the foundation of human existence and the source of all material wealth seems out of date, and the vast universe is attracting more and more people to develop and utilize it with its inexhaustible precious resources. It is a historical necessity for mankind to enter outer space and March into the breadth and depth of the universe, and it is also an important condition for the continued development of human civilization.

Just like every extension of human exploration, every step towards space is accompanied by great risks and sacrifices. It is this kind of adventure and sacrifice that leads the pace of human progress and creates a group of warriors known as national heroes and human heroes. As China's first man to visit space, Yang Liwei is undoubtedly another hero of our nation. His courage and spirit of facing the unknown world alone will surely add new glory to human exploration of the unknown.

Today is the prelude to the future. The basic research being carried out today is the technology of tomorrow and the lifestyle of the day after tomorrow, which has become the knowledge of more and more people. From the design and manufacture of launch vehicles and spacecraft to the establishment of a perfect launch site and measurement and control network, manned spaceflight project involves almost all sectors of the national economy and is a concentrated expression of a country's comprehensive national strength. The implementation of manned spaceflight project will not only promote the improvement of a large number of high-tech fields, but also have a great impact on the sustainable economic and social development of a country.

Today, if we miss the era of "space civilization", we will lose the corresponding opportunities for scientific, technological and social development just like we missed the era of great navigation 500 years ago.

The famous space pioneer Chiokovsky said: "The earth is the cradle of mankind, but no one can stay in the cradle forever."

From the moment Yang Liwei went into space yesterday, China people began to walk out of the cradle. Yang Liwei's brave step into space is a big step for the Chinese nation. Because it marks the beginning of a new era of "space civilization" in China.

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