Briefly describe what items are included in the automobile appearance inspection.

1. Check the vehicle model, make, factory number, body (chassis) and engine model, factory number and license plate number.

2. Check the appearance of the car body

The appearance of the vehicle should be neat, all parts should be intact, and the connection should be tight and defect-free; The car body has a geometric shape, and the height difference between the left and right symmetrical parts of the car body outer edge shall not be greater than 40cm；; The car body and cab shall be durable, and the covering parts shall be free of cracks and corrosion. The car body and cab shall be firmly installed on the frame and shall not be loosened due to vehicle vibration. There should be no sharp protrusions inside and outside the car body that may cause injury; The internal materials used in the cab and passenger compartment should be flame retardant; Doors and windows should be opened gently, not automatically. Doors should be solid and reliable, doors and windows should be well sealed, and there is no water leakage. In the cab of a motor vehicle, the driver's forward-looking and side-looking must be ensured. Sunshade films are not allowed to be attached to the windows on both sides of the driver's seat, and accessories and mirror reflective awnings that obstruct the driver's sight are not allowed to be attached to other windows. Cars should have fenders, trailer rear wheels should have fenders, and all wheels of other vehicles should have fenders.

3. Water leakage and oil leakage inspection

When the engine is stopped, there shall be no obvious water leakage in the water tank, water pump, cylinder block, cylinder head, heater and all connection parts, so that the motor vehicle can run at least 10km. After parking for 5 minutes, there should be no obvious oil leakage.

4. Engine maintenance

(1) The engine shall have good dynamic performance, stable operation, stable idle speed, no abnormal noise and normal oil pressure.

(2) The engine should have good starting performance. The car engine should be able to be started by the driver from his seat.

(3) The engine shall be free of "backfire" and "ignition".

(4) Diesel engine shutdown device must be flexible and effective.

(5) The ignition, oil supply, lubrication, cooling and exhaust systems of the engine shall be complete and have good performance.

5. Steering system inspection

(1) The steering wheel of motor vehicles must not be placed on the right side, and the steering wheel of automobiles, trolleybuses and four-wheeled agricultural transport vehicles must be placed on the left side; Motor vehicles with special operations can be equipped with left and right steering wheels as required.

(2) The steering wheel of a motor vehicle should be flexible in rotation, easy to operate and free from sticking. Motor vehicles should be equipped with steering limit devices. Do not interfere with other parts during wheel steering.

(3) The maximum free rotation of the steering wheel of a motor vehicle shall not be greater than the left or right rotation angle from the middle position:

(1) the maximum design speed is greater than or equal to 100km/h for motor vehicles10;

② The maximum design speed of motor vehicles (except three-wheeled agricultural vehicles) less than 100km/h is 15.

(4) Steering knuckle and arm. Steering tie rod and ball pin should be free from cracks and damage, and the ball pin should not be loose. When refitting or repairing a vehicle, the horizontal and straight tie rods shall not be welded together.

6, brake system inspection

(1) The vehicle shall be equipped with two independent braking systems, namely, the service braking system and the parking braking system.

(2) The braking system shall be durable and shall not be damaged by vibration or impact.

(3) The free stroke of the brake pedal of the service brake system shall meet the relevant technical conditions of the vehicle.

(4) For passenger cars with less than or equal to 9 seats, the pedal force when the service brake produces the maximum braking effect shall not be greater than 500 N; For other vehicles, it should not be greater than 700N n.

(5) The function of the hydraulic service brake system should not be affected by the corrosion of brake fluid on the brake pipeline.

(6) The installation of brake pipes and brake hoses must ensure that they have good continuous function, sufficient length and flexibility to adapt to the normal movement of parts connected with them without damage; They must have proper safety protection to avoid scratching, winding or other mechanical damage, and at the same time, they should avoid being installed in places that may come into contact with vehicle exhaust gas or any high temperature sources.

7, lighting, signal device and other electrical equipment inspection

(1) Motor vehicle lamps shall be installed firmly, intact and effective, and shall not be loosened, damaged, failed or changed in lighting direction due to vehicle vibration; The switches of all lights shall be firmly installed and freely switched, and shall not be switched on and off by themselves due to vehicle vibration.

(2) The motor vehicle must be equipped with a rear reflector. Motor vehicles with vehicle length greater than 10m shall be equipped with side reflectors. The reflector should be able to ensure that the reflected light can be confirmed at the irradiation position when it illuminates the front of the locomotive 150m at night.

(3) Motor vehicles equipped with headlamps shall be equipped with high beam and low beam conversion devices. When the high beam becomes low beam, all high beams shall be extinguished at the same time. Headlights on the same motor vehicle are not allowed to cross on the left and right high beams.

(4) Vehicles with no-load height above 3.0m shall be equipped with position lights.

(5) Cars and trailers should be equipped with side turn signals. If the front turn signal of the car is visible on the side, it is considered as meeting the requirements.

(6) Traffic lights, hazard warning flashlights and brake lights at the front and rear of motor vehicles can be seen at a distance of 100m during the day, and side turn signals can be seen at a distance of 30m during the day; When the weather is fine at night, the license plate number can be clearly seen by the rear license plate light 20 meters away. The brightness of the brake light should be obviously greater than that of the rear position light.

(7) All wires shall be bundled neatly, arranged neatly, fixed and clamped, with firm joints and insulating sleeves. Insulating sleeves shall be installed when wires pass through holes.

8, driving system inspection

(1) Tire requirements:

① Tire wear: The tread pattern depth on the crown of car and trailer tires should not be less than1.6mm; ; Other motor vehicle steering wheel pattern depth shall not be less than 3.2 mm; ; The tread depth of other tires shall not be less than1.6mm.

② The tire tread should not expose the tire ply due to local wear.

③ There should be no cracks or cuts on the tire tread and sidewall that are longer than 25mm or deep enough to expose the tire ply.

(4) The tire model and pattern on the same axle shall be the same, and the tire model shall meet the requirements of the motor vehicle when it leaves the factory.

⑤ Refurbished tires shall not be installed on the steering wheel of motor vehicles.

⑥ The tires used by motor vehicles should adapt to their maximum design speed.

(2) The load of the tire should not exceed the rated load of the tire, and the inflation pressure of the tire under load should meet the specified pressure.

(3) Lateral oscillation and radial runout of the wheel assembly;

Cars with a total mass of less than or equal to 4.5t shall not be greater than 5mm；; Other vehicles shall not be larger than 8mm.

(4) The tire nut and axle nut shall be complete and tightened according to the specified torque.

(5) The leaf spring shall be free of cracks and fragments, and its spring form and specifications shall comply with the provisions of the product manual. Center bolts and U-bolts should be tightened.

(6) The shock absorber shall be complete and effective.

(7) The frame shall not be deformed, corroded or cracked, and the bolts and rivets shall not be missing or loose.

(8) The front and rear axles shall be free from deformation and cracks.

(9) All kinds of pull rods and guide rods between the axle and suspension should not be deformed, and all joints and bushings should not be loose and displaced.

9, drive train inspection

(1) clutch:

① The clutch of the motor vehicle is engaged smoothly and separated completely, and there is no abnormal sound, jitter and abnormal slipping when working.

(2) The free travel of the pedal shall comply with the relevant provisions of the technical conditions of the vehicle.

(3) pedal force should not be greater than 300N n. ..

(2) Transmission and transfer box:

(1) When shifting gears, the gears are engaged flexibly, the interlocking and self-locking devices are effective, and there can be no random gears and self-disengagement. No abnormal sound during operation; When shifting gears, the shift lever must not interfere with other parts.

② There must be a sign on the gear lever so that the driver can easily identify the gear position of the transmission in the driver's seat.

(3) When the transmission shaft is running, there should be no vibration and abnormal sound, and there should be no cracks and looseness in the intermediate bearing and universal joint.

(3) The drive axle should work normally without abnormal sound.

10, safety protection device inspection

(1) car seat belt:

① Seat belts must be installed in the front seats of passenger cars with less than or equal to 20 seats (including the driver's seat, the same below) or passenger cars with a length of less than or equal to 6m, trucks with a maximum design speed greater than 100km/h/h and tractors ... The driver's seat of long-distance buses and tourist buses and the seats without seats and guardrails in front should be equipped with car seat belts.

② Two-point car seat belts should be installed on each sleeper of sleeper bus.

(3) The car seat belt should be reliable and effective, the installation position should be reasonable, and the fixed point should have sufficient strength.

(2) Outside rearview mirror and front lower rearview mirror:

(1) Rear-view mirrors must be installed on the left and right sides of motor vehicles (except trailers), and rear-view mirrors should be installed in front of flat-headed buses, trolleybuses and flat-headed trucks with a length greater than 6m.

② The installation position and angle of the exterior rearview mirror of the motor vehicle shall ensure that the traffic conditions on the left and right sides of the vehicle body and within 50m behind the vehicle can be clearly seen. The front rearview mirror should be able to see under the breeze window 1.5m long and 3m wide.

③ The exterior rearview mirror and the front rearview mirror should be easy to adjust and can effectively maintain their positions.

(3) Cabs of cars and trolleybuses should be equipped with devices to prevent drivers from being dazzled by direct sunlight, which should not cause harm to drivers when vehicles collide.

(4) Windshield and wiper:

① The windshield of a motor vehicle should be equipped with a wiper, and the wiper area should ensure a good front view.

② The wiper should work normally. When the wiper is turned off, the wiper blade should automatically return to the initial position.

(3) The automobile windshield should be equipped with defogging and defrosting devices.

(5) Safety protection of fuel system:

(1) The fuel tank and fuel pipeline shall be firmly fixed to avoid damage and oil leakage due to vibration and impact.

② The fuel filler and vent of the fuel tank shall ensure no oil leakage when the vehicle vibrates.

(3) The oil filler and vent of the oil tank are not allowed to face the opening direction of the exhaust pipe, and should be more than 300mm away from the outlet end of the exhaust pipe, otherwise an effective heat insulation device should be set.

(4) The fuel tank of a bus with a length of more than 6m shall be not less than 600mm from the front end face of the bus and not less than 300mm from the rear end face of the bus. Users are not allowed to add fuel tanks.

⑤ In the standing seats and carriages, do not open the vent and oil filler of the oil tank.

⑥ The exhaust port of motor vehicle engine shall not point to the right side of vehicle body.

All landowners more than 9 passenger cars and cars transporting inflammable and explosive articles should be equipped with fire extinguishers, which should be installed firmly and easily accessible.

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