Social undertakings in Yun'an District

At the end of 2008, Yun'an *** had 12 medical and health institutions at the town level and above, with 158 beds and 271 health technicians, an increase of 31 compared with the same period in 2007, including 148 doctors and nurses. 80 people; Yun'an *** has 220 rural health stations, 230 rural doctors and health workers; one CDC and one health center each, and 22 epidemic prevention and health care technicians.

In 2008, 604 people participated in voluntary blood donation during the year of Yunnan Security, and the amount of blood donated was 121,000 ml. In 2008, Yunnan completed the reforestation area of ??350 hectares, an increase of 137 hectares compared with 2007, an increase of 64.3%. 550,000 trees have been planted on all sides, and the area of ??young forest cultivation is 3,670 hectares. At the end of the year, the forest coverage rate reached 66.9%.

In 2008, Yun'an had 1 environmental monitoring station and 1 sewage treatment plant. Throughout the year, 118 construction projects were approved, including 9 environmental impact report forms and 109 environmental impact registration forms for construction projects, 65 acceptance projects were completed, and the implementation rate of "Three Simultaneities" for the projects that have been put into (trial) production is 100% . The total discharge of major pollutants in Yun'an is controlled within the planned indicators issued by the city. The discharge of industrial sulfur dioxide is 7151.79 tons; the compliance rate of industrial wastewater discharge is 99.51%. The water quality of the Yun'an section of the Xijiang River is excellent, reaching the national Class II water quality standard and meeting the national drinking water source water quality safety standards; the water quality of the Pengyuan River, a tributary of the Xijiang River, has reached the national Class III water quality standard. The average environmental noise level in the county is lower than the noise standard for Class 2 mixed areas in the National Environmental Noise Standard for Urban Areas (GB3096-95). The air quality of Yunan is good. Yun'an vernacular

Yun'an vernacular is a type of Cantonese and is similar to Cantonese. Distributed in various towns in Yun'an County, among which Liudu Town only speaks Yun'an Bai dialect. In 2000, the population of Yun'an vernacular speakers was 214,500, accounting for 70.82% of the total population of Yun'an.

Yun'an Hakka

Hakka is also called Ya dialect in Yun'an. In 2000, the Hakka dialect population was 86,000, accounting for 28.39% of the total population of Yun'an. Outside the town, people in every town speak Hakka. There are two types of Hakka in the county, namely Dahua and Xiaohua. The former is spoken by more people, represented by Dashujiao Village, Xiapinggang, Fulin Town; the latter is spoken by fewer people, represented by Hengjing Village, Baishi Town. .

Minnan dialect in Yun'an

Minnan dialect is not widely distributed in Yun'an, except for the two administrative villages of Zhaitang and Matang in Fulin Town. In 2000, the population of Hokkien speakers was 2,500, accounting for less than 1% of the total population of Yun'an. Look at Feng Shui

Before the founding of New China, many people in the county believed in "eight characters", ghosts and gods, and Feng Shui. Usually when encountering unsatisfactory or unsatisfactory things, you go to divination to seek fortune-telling and fortune-telling. There are folk fortune tellers who calculate a person's destiny based on the year, month, day and hour of birth, commonly known as "eight characters". Some people ask a fortune teller to determine the "horoscope" and "year of birth" for a boy or girl. When building a house, ask the Mr. Day Picker to choose an auspicious date; when burying ancestors, ask the "Mr. Geography" to choose a "feng shui treasure place"; when you encounter an illness, ask a witch or magic stick to "ward off evil spirits and exorcise ghosts"; when encountering natural or man-made disasters, ask a Taoist priest to "make a dojo" and carry a "Bodhisattva" around Township, pray for blessings from the gods.

After the founding of New China, the cultural level of the people gradually improved, scientific knowledge gradually became popularized, and superstitious activities were greatly reduced. It almost disappeared during the "Cultural Revolution". After the 1980s, such superstitious activities have resumed in some places.

Making Jiao

Before the founding of New China, many villages were accustomed to "making Jiao" to offer sacrifices to ghosts and gods to pray for happiness. They also established a "Jiao meeting", which stipulated that a "Jiao meeting" should be held every three or five years, lasting 1 to 3 days and nights each time. During the ceremony, a cedar shed was set up at the social altar or in the open space outside the village, bamboos were erected, a "mountain king" was erected, an altar was set up, Taoist priests were invited to pray, and a water and land dojo was built. The Taoist priests raised banners and chanted sutras, and performed "spells" such as "dancing on hot coals", "going up the mountain of swords", and "beating the sand" in a serious manner. Finally, the Taoist priests wearing red scarves and holding torches were led by the villagers from house to house to spread "sacred" at all doors. "Fire powder" (mixed with fragrant powder and rosin powder) is called "traveling to the countryside". Everywhere you go, grab a pinch of "fire powder" and sprinkle it on the torch, and a blue fire ball will appear immediately, which will burn. It is extinguished immediately, and it is said that it can dispel evil spirits and purify evil spirits. Women who are often sick also ask Taoist priests to sprinkle a handful of fire powder on their bodies to drive away evil spirits. At the same time, "street lamps" (made by wrapping a pinch of fire powder in paper, twisting it into a mushroom shape and lighting it on the road) are placed along the road from the community altar to the village. One lamp is placed every few meters, which looks strange and beautiful when lit. The Taoist priests, surrounded by the crowd, also released paper boats and two small live fish into the river, which was called "releasing life". After the founding of New China, this old custom was abolished. The Yunli Jiao Festival in Fulin Town began in the Ming Dynasty, flourished in the Qing Dynasty, flourished in the Republic of China, and declined during the "Cultural Revolution". It is held every ten years (seeing the Jiao Festival every ten years) and consists of four stages: opening the altar, parade, incense, and dispersing the Jiao Festival. Mostly composed. After the 1980s, the festival was restored and new content was injected into it, forming a mass cultural activity. "A village song is sung", "Two museums are open (Chen Jikun Memorial Hall, Yunfeng Academy)", "Five nights of opera appreciation", "One hundred paintings, calligraphy and photography are on display", "A thousand double happiness lanterns decorate every village head "At the end of the alley", "More than 1,200 people traveled ten miles to pray for blessings", "Ten thousand copies of the 24th edition of the "Yunli Old Quarter" special edition newspaper for the Jiao Festival was released". During the festival, all the villagers who are away from home and married women return to the village. A grand "Hundred Family Banquet" will be held, with 60 banquets held every day. A collective worship ceremony with thousands of people and a large prayer parade with thousands of people covering ten miles were held, passing through 7 villages and watched by tens of thousands of people.

Anlong

Before the founding of the People's Republic of China, villagers had a superstitious belief in the "dragon veins of feng shui". When encountering natural or man-made disasters, they believed that the dragon energy in the village was weak, so they invited Taoist priests to "anlong" them. The activities are: buy a piece of long cloth and simulate it as a "dragon", or pile rice into a "dragon" in the ancestral hall or social altar. Then the whole village is gathered on the top of a nearby mountain, and the Taoist priests chant incantations and perform magic. They then descend from the top of the mountain and "dance the dragon" to the social altar or ancestral hall. It is thought that if the "dragon" is installed, the whole village will be safe and sound, and the wealth will be prosperous. After the founding of New China, this custom was abolished.

Temple fair

Some places in the county have the custom of holding temple fairs. Some are held on the same day every year (lunar calendar), and some are held every few years. On every temple fair day, local people make rice cakes and rice dumplings at home, host banquets to entertain guests, and go to temples to worship the gods. In some places, statues of gods enshrined in temples are carried around the villages, called "Bodhisattva Tours", to pray for good weather, abundant grains, and prosperous livestock. The Matang Temple Fair in Fulin Town is held every three years. The villagers firmly believe that the parade of Guan Gong (the Bodhisattva worshiped in the temple) can drive away evil spirits and ghosts, bring blessings and auspiciousness, and protect the environment and the people, so that the coming year will be more prosperous and the grain will be abundant. Therefore, private believers are proud to actively participate and actively donate funds. The Matang Temple Fair consists of "opening the altar, traveling, burning firecrackers, and dispersing the altar", with the "Bodhisattva Traveling" activity as the center. The Bodhisattva tour starts on time at 12 o'clock in the evening (Zi time) on the ninth day of the fifth lunar month, regardless of wind or rain, and ends after touring Shisanjia and about 60 villages on the second night.

Burning firecrackers

In the late Ming Dynasty, the folk custom of "burning firecrackers" was introduced to the county from Foshan area, and became very popular during the Republic of China. During the "Cultural Revolution", it was considered a feudal superstitious activity and was abolished. After entering the 1980s, this activity gradually resumed. Burning firecrackers is part of the sacrificial activities in social altars and temples. The time for burning cannons coincides with the sacrificial days of local communities and temples. On every firecracker day, local people gather together to participate in the firecracker activity. When burning cannons, a homemade rocket is used to lift an iron ring into the sky. When the hoop falls, people compete for the hoop, which is called "grabbing the cannon." The winner of the hoop will host the second year's firecracker event. On that day, every family held a banquet to entertain relatives and friends. Firecrackers are usually burned in front of temples or beside social altars. The gun mount is made of bamboo wood and is about 10 meters high. The gun mount in Shangpinggang Village of Fulin Town Democratic Village Committee is 3 feet 6 feet (more than 12 meters) high, making it the tallest gun mount in the county.

Yunli grabbing fireworks is a typical folk cultural activity in Yunli, held twice a year (festival), one is on the second day of the second lunar month, also known as the February 2 Plowing Festival. The venue of the event is the Shuikou Society Altar, where the 100 public servants of Shuikou Society are worshipped. There is a saying that goes, "On the second day of the second lunar month, firecrackers are fired, and on the second day of the second lunar month, firecrackers are burned." That is, on the second day of the second lunar month of the second lunar month, firecrackers are burned. Another custom is the sixth day of the sixth lunar month. The weather was relatively hot, and the event was held at the Huanggang Temple to worship the King of the Three Palaces. Before the founding of the People's Republic of China, grabbing fireworks was the most lively activity in the area. Before burning the "firecrackers", first wrap an iron ring with a large mouth in red cloth and place it on the top of the iron cannon. When the lit firecrackers are about to end, with a "boom" sound, the iron ring (firecrackers) will be raised high into the sky to grab the fireworks. The people concentrated on the piece of red cloth flying in the air, tracking where it landed. Once they snatched it, they went to the altar to salute. After the reform and opening up, grabbing fireworks has become a grand festival for Yunli villagers. The villagers will organize it one day in advance and hold a feast when relatives and friends arrive. In addition to the specially invited gong, drum and eight-note class that opened that night, there was also opera singing on the second night, adding a lot of joy to the quiet countryside.