You Mei Xiaoquan Ji (Classical Chinese)

[Qing] Yao Nai

Tongcheng northwest [2], even the mountains are almost hundreds of miles [3], and the county is leveled [4]. It will be flat, the two cliffs will suddenly merge, and the screen will come back [5] and cannot cross [6]. Longxi winding [7], beyond it.

In early March [8], it gradually entered the west [9]. Rain began to accumulate [10], and streams ran loudly [1 1]. There were many strange stones, grasses, pines, Chinese fir, locusts, maples, chestnuts and oaks [12] beside them, which sometimes sounded [. There was a deep pool in the stream, and a big stone got out of it. If the horse takes a bath [14], it will shake its head to take care of its companion [15]. Climb with a stone [16], overlook Rong Yun [17], and the birds will fly when they fall.

It can walk two miles along the cliff in the west, even the stones are heavy [18], and its wings are close to the right side of the stream [19]. Or: "Li Qiyun also [20]." Or: "Later generations asked Gong Lin's land to be nameless [2 1] and named it [22]." There are many trees [23] in the stone, and there are dozens of people [24] under the shade. When you come out of the flat soil, you can sit on the mat [25].

There are springs in the south. In the Ming Dynasty, He Wenduan wrote a letter on the cliff [26], which was called "the fountain of flattering pens". Spring overflow stone [27] is a round pool, which is led to the stream. Left rushed to the pool to open a room [28], but didn't finish it [29], and invited nine guests to drink [30]. At dusk, the mountain wind suddenly rises [3 1], the rock wall shakes [32], the rocks in the spring meet, and the tourists are stunned [33], so they return.

On that day, Mr. Wu Jiang went to [34] and did it, making it a memory.

To annotate ...

[1] Mei Biquan: In the northwest of Tongcheng County, Anhui Province.

[2] Tongcheng: County name, in south-central Anhui.

[3] Lianshan: a continuous mountain peak. Almost: I'm afraid, probably.

[4] and: yes. County governance: the location of county governance refers to Tongcheng County. Yi Ping: Gradually smooth.

[5] Back to the screen (chù) Back to the screen (y yūng): The cliff stands like a screen and twists and turns around the city like a wall. "Yong", the wall.

[6] Zhanheng: describes the steep cliff ahead. Path: the meaning of passage.

[7] "Longxi" sentence: The curved Longxi flows out of it.

[8] to age: in this year.

[9] Step: Go.

[10] Accumulated rain: it rains for a long time. Ji: It's sunny.

[1 1] Cong (cóng) ran: describes the sound of running water.

Cao Hui: A kind of lavender, commonly known as Eupatorium odoratum. Cūng: The name of the tree, also called "fir".

[13] Gu and Zhou: Du Fu, also known as Zigui Bird, is good at singing.

[14] Bathing: Just stand up after bathing.

Liè: Describe a horse's neck sticking out. "Huan", the long hair on the horse's neck. Wanshou: Turn your head. Partner: Partner.

[16] assistance: climbing.

[17] "Looking down" means looking down at the reflection in the water. The clouds in the sky seem to melt in the water and the birds seem to fall.

Shi Lian: There are continuous rocks on the cliff. Chóng building: A two-story building.

[19] "Wing Hu" sentence: Like a big bird with wings, it stands on the right bank of Xiaohegou.

[20] Li: Shucheng (now Anhui) was a native, a native, a scholar in the Northern Song Dynasty, and an official to an ancient scholar. Proficient in ancient Chinese characters, good at painting landscapes and Buddha statues. Fu Yuan returned to Longmian Mountain Villa at the end of the year, so he was also called Longmian Mountain Man. Pàn: The pool in the shape of the first half moon in ancient Gong Xue.

[2 1] Seeking: Seeking. Commons: that is, hanging clouds. Knowledge: recognition.

[22] Name: It means that this rock was called "Li Chuiyun" by later generations.

[23] Xi: cracks.

[24] Dozens of people in the shade: The shade is big enough to cover dozens of people.

[25] You can sit on the mat: you can spread the mat and sit on it.

[26] He Wenduan Gong: Tongcheng people, the word Kang Hou, the name is like a pet, Ming Wanli Jinshi, tired official etiquette ministers, Wuyingdian university students, posthumous title "Wen Duan" after his death. "Gong" is an ancient title of respect for others. Cliff: words carved on the cliff wall. Book: writing.

[27] "Spring overflow" three sentences: It means that the spring water comes out and flows to the cliff stone, so people cut a round pool on the stone and then guide the spring water to flow into the stream below.

[28] Zuo Xuechong: People are unknown. Zhang: An ancient title of respecting the elderly. Fang: Now. For the room: build a house.

[29] Incomplete: Not yet completed.

[30] Want (yāo): invitation.

[3 1] pawn (ù): through "suddenly", suddenly.

[32] "Su Zhen" sentence: It means that the wind makes the clumps of vegetation on the rock wall pale and shake, and even the water beats on the rock and cries. Rock (jρ): A rock that protrudes from the water.

[33]ng: afraid, afraid.

[34] Mr. Wujiang: Fan Yao, whose real name is Nanjing, is a Qianlong Jinshi and the author's uncle. Go together. Shi Jiaoming. The tourists got scared and got up and went home.

Yao Nai (1732 ~ 18 15) was an essayist in Qing dynasty. The word biography, the word dream valley, the room name Bao Xuan, so scholars call it Mr. Bao. Tongcheng, Anhui. In the twenty-eighth year of Qianlong (1763), he was a scholar and a doctor of official punishment, and later resigned from his official position. He has been in charge of academies in Jiangning (now Nanjing) and Yangzhou for more than forty years. He is a master of Tongcheng School. Author of The Complete Works of Xi Baoxuan.

Write a beautiful spring. First, the spring is full of stones, which is a round pool, but it eventually leads to Longxi; First, Zuo Xuechong built a room on the edge of the round pool and invited guests to hold a banquet here. With the sudden rise of mountain breeze, tourists suddenly return, which implicitly shows the author's feelings of actively entering the WTO and unwilling to live in seclusion. Vivid description and image are also the characteristics of this paper. For example, "The two cliffs suddenly meet, and the screen bends backwards", "When the big stone comes out of the pool, if the horse takes a bath, he shakes his head and looks after his companion", "Looking down at Rong Yun, if the birds fall" and so on.

Appreciation of works:

Yao Nai's thought of integrating textual research, ci chapter and righteousness is also reflected in this paper.

The author first wrote about the scenery in the northwest of Tongcheng, then wrote about the scenery along the way, and then naturally landed in Meibi Spring, which not only connected Meibi Spring with the scenery along Tongcheng and Xiaoxi into a complete picture, but also showed the author's interest in exploring seclusion and enjoying strangeness to people.

The author's description of Meibiquan first describes the scenery of Meibiquan, and still has the feelings of ancient travel and strange appreciation; Then he wrote that Zuo Xuechong lived in a secluded room and invited him to drink enthusiastically. However, he returned home with "the mountain wind is dead", which was creepy and disappointing, showing that this place is actually desolate and cold and should not stay for a long time, implicitly expressing the author's intention of not liking seclusion.

The article not only describes the natural scenery such as mountains and rivers, streams, rocks, trees, songbirds, deep pools, springs, gardens and houses, but also involves many celebrities such as Li, He Ruchong and so on. At the same time, he did not live up to Zuo Gong's old teachings and the friendship of family friends. In the article, the description of "Zuo Chong made a flat room by the pool, unfinished, and invited nine guests to drink" merged Zuo Gong and his villa without carving. The full text is fresh in writing, vivid in description, vivid in contrast, and vivid in image, which forms an elegant artistic conception and aesthetic feeling in art, such as "Two cliffs suddenly meet, and the screen bends backwards", "When a big stone comes out of the pool, if a horse takes a bath, he shakes his head and looks after his companion", "Looking down at Rong Yun, if birds fall", "Surfing the rock wall, shaking Izumi, and singing rocks" and so on.

1. One of the words added in the following sentence is ().

A. climbing with the help of stones: climbing.

B. Future generations seek public ignorance: recognition.

C. If you want to drink for nine people, you should ask.

D. the fear of vagrants: fear, fear

2. In the following groups of sentences, the group with different meanings and usages of added words is ().

(1) in harmony with the county government.

(2) and fishermen, navy, although know but can't talk.

B.① Li's Crying Clouds in Song Dynasty.

(2) Cut fertile land in the east and collect key counties in the north.

C.① Causing it to fall into the stream.

(2) are three Gu Liang's hut.

Let Nye remember.

(2) For its coming, please tie one person, Wang Heng.

3. The following analysis and appreciation of the article is incorrect ()

A. The author first wrote about the scenery in the northwest of Tongcheng, then wrote about the scenery along the way, and then naturally landed in Meibi Spring, which not only connected Meibi Spring with the scenery along Tongcheng and Xiaoxi into a complete picture, but also showed the author's interest in exploring seclusion and enjoying strangeness to people.

B. The author's description of Meibiquan first describes the scenery of Meibiquan, and still has the feelings of visiting the ancient times and enjoying the wonders; Then he wrote that Zuo Xuechong lived in a secluded room and invited him to drink enthusiastically. However, he came home with "the mountain wind is dead", which was creepy and disappointing, showing that this place was actually desolate and cold and should not stay for a long time, implicitly expressing the author's intention of seclusion.

C. The full text not only describes the natural scenery such as mountains, streams, rocks, trees, songbirds, deep pools, springs, gardens and houses, but also involves many celebrities such as Li and He Ruchong. At the same time, he did not live up to Zuo Gong's old teachings and the friendship of family friends. In the article, the description of "Zuo Chong made a flat room by the pool, unfinished, and invited nine guests to drink" merged Zuo Gong and his villa without carving.

D this article is fresh in writing, vivid in description, sharp in contrast and vivid in image, forming an elegant artistic conception and aesthetic feeling, such as "two cliffs suddenly meet, the screen is upside down", "big stones come out of the pool, Ma Ruo takes a bath, shakes his head and watches his companions", "Looking down at Rong Yun, birds fly down", "Rocking on the rock wall, hazel Izumi, and the rocks are noisy" and so on.

4. Translate the following sentences into modern Chinese.

(1) Climb with stones and overlook the melting clouds. If birds fall, they will fly.

(2) There are dozens of people in the shadow of the big tree, and they can sit on the mat when they leave the flat soil in front.

(3) The wanderer was shocked and returned.

Reference answer

1.c (to: read yāo, invite. )

D (① is the preposition "substitution", ② is the preposition "dang, zai", A is the turning conjunction "que", B is the auxiliary word "de", and C is the continuous conjunction "so, jiu". )

3.b (the second half is wrong, it should be "implicitly expressing the author's intention to live in seclusion." )

4. Look at the translation.

Translation:

In the northwest of Tongcheng, the mountains stretching for hundreds of miles have never been flat until the county seat. At the junction of the flat land and the mountain, the two cliffs stand together like barriers, and the high horizontal gap is almost impossible to walk (almost impossible to make a road). A stream meandering like a dragon flows from here.

At the beginning of March last year, we walked in from the west along the stream. It rained continuously for a long time, and as soon as it cleared up, the stream made a loud noise. After walking for more than ten miles, there are many grotesque stones, grasses, pines, firs, pagodas, maples, chestnuts, oaks and so on. On both sides of the mountain road I hear the birds from time to time. There is a deep pool under the stream, and a big stone is exposed on the water, as if the horse bathing in it had just stood up and looked back at its partner with its mane. Climb up with stones and look down at the clouds. The birds look as if they are going to fall.

Then walk west along the cliff for about two miles, and the piled stones protrude to the right of the stream like tall buildings and wings. Someone said, "This is what Li said in the Song Dynasty." Someone said, "Later generations looked for the place recorded by Li, but they didn't find it. You found it." A big tree grows between cracks in the stone. The shade can accommodate dozens of people. There is a flat ground in front of the tree, so you can lay a cushion and sit down.

There is a spring in the south of the tree, which is engraved with the cliff book of Mr. He Wenduan in the Ming Dynasty (the words carved on the cliff). The spring water is called "Meibi Spring". The spring overflowed the stone, forming a circular pool into which the stream above flowed. Zhang Zuo Xue Chong (left, word Xue Chong) built a house on the flat ground near the pool, but it was not finished yet, so he invited nine guests to drink here. In the evening, the weather turned semi-cloudy, and the mountain wind suddenly hit the cliff violently, and the trees and grass, many springs and gravel rang together. The tourists felt a little scared and went back.

On this day, my uncle Mr. Wu Jiang (Fan Yao) also went. I (Yao Nai) followed him and he asked me to write it down.