Did Japan have airborne operations in World War II?

Yes, according to the introduction of a more authoritative material, World Airborne Operations (edited by Hu), the Japanese airborne operations in World War II are as follows:

First, capture the old Wanya airport-the first use of Japanese naval airborne troops?

19411On February 7, the Japanese navy suddenly attacked the American Pacific fleet at Pearl Harbor, and then invaded the territories of the United States, Britain, the Netherlands and other countries in the Pacific Ocean. In the battle to attack dutch east indies's outlying islands, the Japanese soldiers were divided into three roads, with the east road attacking Sulawesi in 1942 and 65438+ 10, and the Japanese troops landed from Wan Yalao, Kendari and Makassar. 1 battalion naval paratroopers were used in the landing operation of Wanya Lao. This is the first airborne operation of the Japanese army. ?

194 1 at the end of the year, the Japanese navy paratroopers battalion moved to Davao, Philippines, to prepare for the battle. 1942 65438+ 10/0/0/0, Hou Li Niaoji, battalion commander of parachute battalion, led the commanders of the whole company to conduct aerial reconnaissance on Wanya Lao. According to the report of reconnaissance and submarine activities in the waters near Wanya Lao, the Japanese naval command decided to dive the next day. /kloc-On the night of 0/0, the battalion commander issued a battle order to all the personnel, and 500 people parachuted at Gan Lan Airport in the south of Wanya Ancient Town. The task is to occupy the airport and its surrounding areas, ensure that aviation personnel use the airport and support the landing of the Marine Corps. The division of tasks is as follows: 1 company and 2 companies are airborne in 1 batch. After capturing the airport, 1 company quickly captured Langen City and guarded the important targets on the road to Wanyafu; The second company marched along the road leading to Kakas, occupying and guarding Kakas water airport. The third company is the reserve team. The battalion commander parachuted with 1 company?

65438+1 October1Sunday morning,1340 people took off from the Philippines on 30 transport planes (each carrying 20-25 people). When flying at sea, when encountering a thunderstorm, the fleet lowers its altitude and rises to 6000 meters after leaving the thunderstorm area. Before approaching the target, the paratroopers ate dry food, drank enough water, took off their life jackets and put on parachutes. During the voyage, two transport planes were shot down because of the attack of their own destroyers. At about 9 o'clock, the transport plane entered the target at a height of 100- 150 meters to parachute. The parachute was hit by the garrison anti-aircraft gun when it fell, but the plane was not damaged. At 9: 44, both companies landed. Because it landed near the garrison position, the nearest one was only 30 meters, and the terrain was open. Under the suppression of the garrison machine gun fire, the paratroopers could not move and the airdropped weapons could not be collected. Paratroopers fight with pistols and grenades they carry with them, and dig single bunkers with umbrella knives and helmets. Then the guards began to counterattack the paratroopers under the cover of armored vehicles, and the paratroopers were in a very unfavorable situation. In order to get rid of this beating situation, the paratroopers risked their lives to find the heavy machine guns dropped by air under the enemy's artillery fire and fought back fiercely against the defenders. Soon, the reserve team parachuted, and after the paratroopers were strengthened, they launched an attack on the airport defenders. After fierce fighting, they occupied the airport at noon. After occupying the airport, according to the scheduled plan, 1 Company captured Langen City, and Company 2 launched an attack along the highway, and occupied Kakas Water Airport that afternoon. 12 the second batch 185 people landed at the airport. During the day and night, the Marines landed in Manado and joined the paratroopers, while the aviation was stationed at Gan Lan Airport. Since then, paratroopers have carried out search and rescue missions in Wanya Lao. 14, the Japanese took control of Sulawesi. ?

Second, airborne Kupang?

After the Japanese East Route Army occupied Sulawesi Island, it attacked Timor Island to the south on February 20th. When attacking Timor Island, airborne operations were carried out again. Timor Island, also known as Moore Island, was defended by Dutch and Australian troops with more than 3,000 troops. The task of airborne troops is to descend to the vicinity of the island's Bangfu airport when the Marine Corps landed, occupy the airport, ensure the stationing and use of aviation, and cut off the retreat of the troops guarding the island. The navy 1 paratrooper battalion took part in the battle. According to Wan Ya's airborne combat experience, the organizational preparation has been improved. If the airdrop bag is no longer loaded with light machine guns, paratroopers will carry parachutes with them; The paratroopers did not watch the landing on the runway of the airport, but landed a few kilometers outside the airport. Airborne troops are divided into two echelons: 1 echelon, with 450 people, consisting of 1, 3 companies and battalions; The second echelon has 250 people, including the second company. Each plane is divided into companies and platoon leaders, so as to gather personnel and command the battle after landing. The air take-off airport is Gendari Airport, with an air distance of 740 kilometers. ?

At dawn on February 2 1, two battalions of the Japanese Marine Corps landed in Kupang at the southern tip of the island with the cooperation of several tanks. At 10, the Japanese Navy Parachute Battalion 1 echelon parachuted near Bangfuyi Airport, 28 kilometers east of Kupang, using 30 transport planes. The weather was fine at that time, and fighter planes covered the voyage. When approaching the target, the flying height of the transport plane dropped from 700 meters to 100 meters, and the airborne troops parachuted from 100 meters. Because it was airborne in an area far from the airport, the ground defense force was weak and only slight resistance was encountered after landing. The two companies quickly assembled, collected air-dropped weapons and ammunition, and then headed for the airport. At this point, the landing troops have landed, and the paratroopers relaxed their combat alert in order to speed up their progress. They were suddenly attacked by the detachment guarding the airport 3 kilometers away from the airport. The paratroopers were caught off guard and suffered huge losses, with more than half of the casualties in each company and all the platoon leaders killed. The paratroopers could not attack, so they rested in the same place that night. When the attack was launched at dawn the next day, the airport was occupied by the landing troops. The 2nd echelon airborne in the original airborne field when 1 echelon attacked the airport, and arrived at the airport on the morning of 22nd. ?

Third, seize the airport and oil refinery near Pakistan-use Japanese airborne troops for the first time?

Adjacent to Pakistan, also known as Dagang, it is located in the lower reaches of Muxi River in Sumatra Island, and 1 10 km east of the coast. It is an inland port city with two large oil refineries and an airport, which was defended by British, Australian and Dutch troops at that time. When the Japanese attacked Sumatra, in order to ensure that the oil refining equipment on the island was not destroyed, it was decided to occupy the airport and oil refinery next to Pakistan with airborne troops before landing. ?

The airport is located in the northwest of Bahrain120km, and the oil refinery is on both sides of the tributary of Muxi River in the eastern suburb of the city. There are 530 troops guarding the airport, 13 anti-aircraft guns and 5 machine guns. There are 550 people guarding the two refineries, 10 anti-aircraft guns and 5 machine guns. The Japanese plan to go up Muxi from the sea with 1 infantry division and land next to Bahrain on February 1 1. Two days before landing, the 2nd battalion of 1 Army Parachute Brigade parachuted near the airport and the oil refinery, seized the airport and the oil refinery, cut off the communication lines, and prevented the defenders from retreating and the reserve team from entering. The paratrooper battalion * * * has more than 700 people, divided into three echelons: 1 echelon is the 2nd and 4th company of the paratrooper battalion, 1 machine gun platoon, 2 engineering platoons, 1 communication team, with 240 people, responsible for capturing the airport; The second echelon is paratroopers 1 company and a machine gun platoon, with 90 people, responsible for capturing two refineries; Paratrooper Company 3 and 1 Engineer Platoon ***96 are the third echelon. Major Kamura, the battalion commander, acted with 1 echelon. Colonel Lukumi also fought with the paratroopers' battalion. 70 transport planes of 8 1 regiment and 12 air transport team are responsible for air transport, and 3 fighter regiments provide air support. The air take-off airports are Guruan and Kahang airports in Singapore, with an air distance of 600 kilometers. On February 6th, the paratrooper battalion was transferred to Shuangxi Danian Airport in the northwest of Malaya for standby. On February 8, he was transferred to Juju and Kahang airports in Singapore. ?

It was originally planned to land in February 1 1. From February 6 to 8, the Japanese army dispatched 50 bombers to prepare for air fire strikes next to Pakistan. The landing operation was delayed for five days because the landing troops failed to enter the designated place on time. In the meantime, the aviation continued to bomb neighboring Pakistan?

At 8: 30 on February 14, paratroopers took off by 70 planes and entered the Muxi River at around 0: 00. Then the fleet was divided into two teams, flying to the airport and the refinery respectively. All planes are fitted with the identification marks of British aircraft and disguised as British aircraft. ?

1 1: 26, the 1 echelon that captured the airport started skydiving, and the skydiving altitude was100-150m. At that time, it was shot down by the garrison anti-aircraft gun, and the 16 plane was shot down?

1 the main force of the echelon landed in the swamp 3 kilometers southeast of the airport. It is difficult to observe because of the bush, and it is also impossible to collect and collect the airdropped weapons. The paratroopers climbed into the road in droves. When entering the highway, the battalion commander gathered more than 100 people and began to attack the airport and anti-aircraft gun positions. The other part 1 echelon landed in the swamp southwest of the airport. After landing, they carried weapons to the airport and occupied an anti-aircraft gun position and barracks. By 2 1 in the evening, that is, 10 hours after landing, paratroopers 1 echelon occupied the airport. ?

The 2nd echelon that captured the refinery began parachuting at 1 1: 20, and divided into two teams to attack the two refineries respectively. The team that attacked the refinery landed in the swamp near the refinery. At that time, the iron gate of the refinery was closed, with barbed wire and bunkers outside. The paratroopers wiped out the enemy of the bunker and broke into the refinery office building at 12: 30. After entering the building, search technicians, collect important information, and raise the Japanese flag on the observation deck. In the afternoon 14 10, the defenders of the refinery counterattacked the paratroopers with the support of mortar fire. At 3 o'clock the next day, the defenders stopped fighting back and all retreated. At 8: 40, all paratroopers occupied the refinery intact. The team that attacked the North Korean refinery landed on the lake in front of the refinery. The depth of the lake is1.5-3m, and there is a boat in the lake, which leads directly to the refinery. After landing, the paratroopers swam to the path and used three boats. After the rally, they were blocked by the bunker fire near the refinery and could not move forward. They didn't attack until 9 p.m. They broke into the refinery at 1 1 and occupied the office building. The next day, they cleared the remaining enemies and occupied the whole refinery. ?

15, 10, Lu Jiumi landed at the airport, and Chief of Staff JAL also came to the airport. 13, the reserve team parachuted at the airport. After the airport paratroopers were strengthened, they were ready to capture the neighboring Pakistani cities. At this time, the reconnaissance report showed that there was no garrison in neighboring Pakistan, and the airborne troops from the airport entered the urban area and joined the landing vanguard troops at the Muxi River Bridge. The paratrooper battalion left the neighboring city on the 24th and returned to Phnom Penh. In this airborne operation, 38 paratroopers were killed, 50 were injured and 10 was missing. ?

Fourth, the use of airborne troops in Lashio operations?

Shortly after the operation in east indies, the Japanese Army Parachute Brigade took part in the operation in Myanmar. ?

At the beginning of 1942, the Japanese army began to attack Myanmar. On March 8, the Japanese army occupied Yangon, and then the soldiers advanced to Mandalay in three ways. The right wing 1 division, passing through Bo Gu and eastward, went straight to Lashio, cutting off the retreat of the British and Chinese expeditionary forces. Two divisions in the middle attacked Mandalay along the railway. 1 The division is on the left, advancing along the Irrawaddy River to Beimiao and yenangyaung, and encircling Mandalay from the left. In the right-wing operation, it is planned to use the army paratroopers brigade in addition to all other personnel involved in the operation near Pakistan. The task is to occupy the northern barrier of Mandalay in the air and cut off the retreat of the Chinese expeditionary force. ?

On April 3, the Japanese paratroopers brigade assembled in Yangon. Colonel Lu Jiumi made an airborne combat plan according to the instructions. The first assault was initiated by 1 battalion's main force of 450 people. First occupy Lashio barracks, and then attack the southern highlands. During the blockade, the British army retreated. Take 1 Battalion 1 and Battalion 2 ***450 people for the second assault. First occupy Lashio airport and parking lot, and then go south to be a sniper. In order to ensure the successful capture of the airport, a 24-member commando team was organized, carrying 1 heavy machine guns and 7 light machine guns, and landed directly at the airport to cover other people's airborne. ?

In mid-April, the Japanese army seized the air superiority. Due to the rapid development of the right-wing forces, it is expected that they can advance to Lashio on April 30. So we decided to carry out an airborne assault on Lashio on April 29th, that is, to drop paratroopers the day before the ground troops attacked?

On the morning of April 29th, 100 transport plane took off from Yangon with 1 paratroopers. The weather in Yangon was fine, and under the cover of fighter planes, the fleet flew to the target smoothly. When the fleet entered Lashio to prepare for skydiving, the surrounding highlands suddenly became overcast and the pilots could not see the ground targets. Because we can't skydive, the headquarters decided to return all of them. On the same day, the ground attack force broke into Lashio, so the original airborne combat plan was cancelled. Later, the Japanese army sent a detachment to occupy the road where the Chinese Expeditionary Force retreated from Mandalay via the right bank of Irrawaddy River to North Myanmar and West Myanmar, which caused great confusion to the Chinese Expeditionary Force. ?

5. Attacking Braun Airport?

1944, 10 In June, the US military began to attack the Philippine Islands, first capturing Leyte Island. ?

Leyte Island, also known as Ritchie Island, is located in the southeast of Luzon Island and the north of Mindanao, at the crossroads of Surigao Strait in the central Philippines. 10 year 10 On October 20th, four divisions of the US Army landed on Leyte Island. By mid-June, 1 10, the landing site had been expanded to the main areas in the eastern part of the island. ?

The Japanese army defended the island with 16 infantry division and was forced to retreat into the central mountainous area. Japan is determined to stick to the island of Leyte at all costs, constantly reinforcing from the port of Womuk in the west of the island, and on1October 20th, the 26th Infantry Division was transferred to165438+1October 20th, which doubled the security force on the island. ?

In addition to continuing to develop the offensive, the US military also built airstrips in Braun and other places on the island, and stored combat materials to prepare for attacking the mountainous areas and then attacking other islands in the Philippines. At that time, there were five airstrips on Leyte Island. There are Bayugo, Buli and san pablo airports near Braun. In addition, there is an airport in Tacloban and an airport in Dulag. After landing, the US military once provided air supplies to troops fighting in mountainous areas through the airport near Braun, with an average of 2 1 ton of combat materials every day, which solved the difficulty of inconvenient transportation in jungles and mountainous areas and posed a great threat to the Japanese army. 1 65438+1On the night of October 27th, the Japanese army sent four planes to transport1paratroopers to attack Braun airport with * * 60 people, but failed to achieve the goal. 1 plane crashed on the way, 1 plane was shot down by American troops, 1 plane landed on the water and sank, 65438. To this end, the Japanese army made a plan to concentrate on attacking airports such as Braun on the island, and used airborne troops to cooperate with ground troops in the attack on the airport. ?

The Japanese attack plan was that the troops stationed on the island 16 infantry division infiltrated from west to east and launched an attack on the airport near Braun on the morning of February 6, 65438. At the same time, the 3rd Battalion of the 2nd Brigade of the Army Paratroopers parachuted at five airports. Major Shirai, the battalion commander, led 330 people on 26 transport planes to attack Bayugo and Buli airports near Braun. 124 people attacked san pablo airport by nine transport planes; 26 people took two transport planes and attacked Dulag airport; Twenty-six people attacked Tacloban airport with two transport planes. ***500 people, with 39 Mitsubishi 100 transport planes and 12 fighter planes as air cover. The air take-off airports are feres Airport and Lipa Airport in Luzon Island, with an air distance of 600 kilometers. Due to the small number of transport planes, it was airborne in two batches. ?

After learning that the Japanese army had attacked the airport, the US military stepped up its vigilance against the airport and sent 1 infantry battalion to organize defense near the airport. ?

During the heavy rain, the ground troops had difficulty in moving, so the Japanese army headquarters delayed the attack time by one day. 16 Infantry Division did not know the change of attack time because it lost contact with the headquarters. ?

In the early morning of February 6th, 16 infantry division launched an attack on the airport near Braun as planned. Only more than 500 people in the whole division can fight. At half past six, they occupied Bree airport. In the afternoon, he was driven out of the airport under the counterattack of the US military 1 battalion. ?

At the beginning of the ground battle, the paratrooper battalion parachuted. ?

On 6th 14: 30, 1 batch planes carrying paratroopers battalion, two infantry companies and 1 engineering company took off, entered the target at 18: 00, and parachuted at a height of 2 10 meter. When landing, the fighter plane acting as a cover had returned, the transport plane was heavily shot by the ground anti-aircraft gun, and the 18 plane was shot down. After dark, the second batch of airborne troops, including 1 infantry company and 1 heavy weapon company, parachuted without seeing the ground target, and most of them did not descend to the predetermined area. ?

Paratroopers who landed in Bayugo, Buli and san pablo occupied the airport that night, damaging airport facilities and parked planes. On the morning of the 7th, the American army launched a counterattack, and Japanese paratroopers were forced to shrink to Bure Airport to meet the remnants of the 16 Infantry Division that entered here from the ground. On the 8th, the US military launched an attack on the Japanese army at Buri Airport with two regiments, and surrounded the Japanese army at midnight on the 9th. 10, 19: 30, 1 Japanese infantry broke through the American defense line from the central mountainous area and came to Buli in an attempt to reinforce the paratroopers. Under the resistance of the us military, the attempt failed and retreated to the mountainous area. 1 1 On the same day, all the Japanese troops surrounding Buli Airport were wiped out, and Major Shirai, the battalion commander, fled back to the Japanese headquarters in the mountainous area alone after 1945+0. ?

Two planes were shot down on the way to Tacloban airport, and two planes were forced to land on the way to Dulag airport, which failed to perform their scheduled tasks. ?

The Japanese carried out a devastating airborne operation in Braun. Airborne troops once occupied three American airports, posing a certain threat to American air activities. According to postwar statistics, at that time, * * * destroyed nearly 100 American planes. Due to the resolute counterattack of the US military and the early action of the Japanese ground forces, the airborne operation failed to achieve its goal. ?

6. Okinawa "dare to die"-airborne without survival?

1 945 April1day, American troops landed in Okinawa. On the 4th, it occupied Kadena and Dugu airports near the island. The US military used these two airports to attack Japan and counter Japanese special attack planes, which seriously threatened Japan. To this end, the Japanese army is determined to destroy these two airports. ?

1 In May, the commander of the 32nd Army stationed in Okinawa made a plan to attack the airport by force with airborne troops as the core. Decided to use an airborne team that did not dare to survive and landed at Kadena and Dugu airports, destroying airport facilities and destroying airport planes. While carrying out an airborne assault on the airport, the navy launched a general aviation attack. ?

An airborne team composed of army paratroopers 1 brigade 120 people was named "ceremonial airborne team", and its captain was Major Aoshan. This battle is called "the battle of justice". The airborne team is commanded by the commander of the joint fleet and transported by the 12 bomber. On May 19, the battalion chief of airborne troops and the battalion chief of flight discussed the operational plan. According to the plan, three teams led by airborne captain Major Osan will be attacked by eight 97 bombers at Dugu Airport. Two teams led by Captain Watanabe attacked Kadena airport with four 97 bombers. Forced to land at the airport. Originally scheduled to airborne on May 23, the operation was postponed for one day due to bad weather?

On May 24th, 18: 40, 12 took off with the "Ilie" airborne team and arrived at the target at 2200 hours. On the way, four planes were forced to land or return due to failure, and eight planes landed at two airports. All planes, except the captain's radio station, have no communication equipment, and the captain's plane was interrupted after reaching the target. Therefore, the Japanese command knew nothing about the landing of the plane. On the 25th, two airports caught fire. Reading Valley Airport burned to 9: 00 on the 27th, Kadena Airport burned to 20: 00 on the 26th, and all airborne teams and crew members died. Due to the bad weather on the 25th and 26th, the Japanese navy failed to make use of the airborne assault effect to carry out the general attack. On June 30th, American troops occupied the whole island of Okinawa. ?