Is Mu Rongchui a wise king?

Mu Rongchui (326-396.6.2) was born in Changli (now northwest of Yixian County, Liaoning Province). He was in office from 384 to 396. China was a statesman and strategist in the Sixteen Countries Period and the founder of the Houyan regime. After the establishment of Yan State in 384 AD, it became Emperor Chengwu.

In the eighth year of Xiankang (in 342, nine years before Yan), Murong Mu, the prince of Yan, led an army to attack Koguryo. When Yan Qian is adjacent to Koguryo, Murong Yong is often afraid of taking advantage of Mu Rongchui.

As a confidant, he adopted the strategy of Shu Xiong and Jianwei General Murong Han, divided his forces into two ways and attacked Koguryo in November. Murong Mian led 40,000 elite troops to attack from South Road, with Murong Ba and Murong Han as the vanguard. Murong Mian also ordered Wang Yu, a long history, and other soldiers to attack from the north road, with a rate of 1.5 million. King Gao Zhao of Goguryeo learned that the main force of the Yan army must come from the north road, so his brother Gao Wu led 50,000 elite soldiers to guard the north road and the weak ones to guard the south road. The former Yanjun defeated the Koguryo army in the South Island and chased Marukou (the capital of Koguryo, now Ji 'anxi in Jilin). Gaozhao escaped alone. In February, the second year of Jianyuan in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (344, eleven years), Murong Mu, the prince of Yan, personally led troops to attack Yu Wenyi Dougui, with Murong Han, the general of Jianwei, as the vanguard and Liu Pei as the lieutenant. And life MuRongBa, Murong Jun, MuRongKe, MuYuGen general led the troops in three ways. Yuwen returned to Nanluocheng University (that is, the Lord) and led the elite soldiers to attack the enemy at night; Murong Han fought at night, when the two armies fought fiercely, Murong Ba led the army to fight from the flank and killed the night. Yu Wenjun was defeated without a fight, and Yan Jun pursued victory and conquered Zimengchuan (now northwest of Chaoyang, Liaoning), the capital of Yudu. Yuwen fled and died in Mobei. After that, Yu Wenshi's family dispersed, Murong Mang took over his livestock, moved more than 5,000 people to Changli (now Yixian County, Liaoning Province), and established more than 1,000 miles there. Murong Ba was named as his hometown for his meritorious service. In the 4th year of Yonghe in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (348), Prince Murong Mu died and Murong Jun (the second son of Murong Mu) became the prince. In the fifth year of Yonghe (349), Shi Hu, the ruler of the post-Zhao Dynasty, died and the post-Zhao Dynasty was in chaos. Murong Ba (then General Ping Di) wrote a letter to Murong Jun, saying: "Shi Hu is extremely violent, and the sky is ruined, only embers are left, which is self-defeating. Today, China hangs upside down, hoping for forgiveness. If the military is shaken, it will be cast. " Sun Xing, the magistrate of Beiping, also said in the above table: "The chaos of stone chambers should be brought into the Central Plains" (Zi Jian, vol. 98). But Murong Jun thought that Zhao Xin had suffered a big loss and didn't agree. Murong Ba rushed to Longcheng (now Chaoyang, Liaoning) and personally said to Murong Jun, "It's rare, but easy to lose. In case the stone falls and revives, or there is a hero's foothold, it will only be a big loss and more trouble. " Murong Jun said, "Although Nakano is chaotic, Deng Heng is at ease, his troops are stronger than Ma Zhuang, and he has plenty of food and grass. If you attack Zhao today, the host can do nothing, but Lv Long should do it; Lulongshan is too narrow to take advantage of it. What will happen? " Murong Ba said, "Although Heng wants to refuse to defend the Stone Family, his soldiers take care of his family, and people want to return to his ambition. When the army came to him, it naturally collapsed. I ask you to be the forerunner of your highness and go out to the river in the east so that you can dive into the river. If you accidentally smell it, it will be shocking. If you go up, you won't leave home, and you will inevitably abandon the city and flee. Why defend me! However, your highness can go ahead in peace, and there is no difficulty in staying "(Zi Tongzhi Sword, Volume 98). In March of the eighth year of Yonghe (352), General Zhao Duan Qin gathered more than 10,000 people such as Hu and Jie, claiming to be Emperor Zhao. MuRongBa led the army to attack. When MuRongBa arrived, Duan Qin and his younger brother Duan Si accompanied the city to surrender. General MuRongKe of Wei Yan, General MuRongJun of FuJun and General MuRongBiao of Zuo have repeatedly recommended MuRongBa as a lifelong talented person and a great leader. In the same year, Yan Zhu Murong Jun, with MuRongBa as the ambassador, held a festival. General Anton studied history in North Jizhou and took Zhenchangshan as the mayor. In April, the 10th year of Yonghe (354), Murong Jun proclaimed himself emperor and built a Yuan seal, which was known in history. MuRongBa fell off his horse while training the army, broke his teeth and changed his name to Mu Rongchui. He was crowned King of Wu and moved to the new capital of the town, in order to serve the general of the center-right to stay in Taiwan and take advantage of the Northeast. This made Murong Jun more jealous of Mu Rongchui and ordered him to come back. Murong ling

In the first year of Shengping (357 years before Yan Guangshou), Yan Qian sent troops to attack Qi Le in Saibei (north of the Great Wall). Chile, also known as Ding Ling, is a tall car. During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, a large number of Chileans entered the fortress to live with other ethnic minorities, while the Chileans who stayed in Mobei grassland became stronger and stronger in the fourth century and invaded the Central Plains continuously. After Yan Qian entered the Central Plains, he was often harassed by peppers. In May of the same year, Murong Jun sent 80,000 troops, including Mu Rongchui (then General Fujun), General Murong Qian of Zhong Jun, and General Pingxi, to March into Saibei and attack Chile, and they were defeated. He captured more than 100000 people and obtained 130000 horses and countless cattle and sheep. The northern border has been restored. At that time, I married Duan's daughter and Duan's son, Murong Ling and Murong Bao. Duan's talent is strong, and he is at odds with the queen, who hates it. Murong Jun has always been dissatisfied, and sometimes people tell Duan's family and Wu Shu that Liaodong is witchcraft and want to get involved. Murong Jun imprisoned Duan and Gao Bi and tortured them. However, these two men were "ambitious, and they never gave up their words" (Mu Rongchui's record in the Book of Jin). Heartbroken secretly sent someone to Duan's home and said, "Life is bound to die, how can you do such a big poison!" If you don't accept it. " Period of sighed, "don't I love the dead? If you falsely accuse yourself of evil, insult your ancestors, and get tired of being king, it is not a good thing (Book of Jin Mu Rongchui)! Hou Duan's family died in prison, but Mu Rongchui survived. Out of Pingzhou secretariat, the town of Liaodong. He married Duan's sister as his second wife, and the queen broke up with her and married her to He, which made his relationship with Murong Jun worse. In December of the third year of Shengping (359), Murong Jun was critically ill and called Mu Rongchui back to Yecheng (now southwest of Linzhang, Hebei). In the first month of the fourth year of Shengping (360), Murong Jun fell ill and Prince Murong Yong ascended the throne. In February, the Queen Mother was appointed as the Queen Mother, and Murong Ke, the king of Taiyuan, was appointed as the Taizai, specializing in recording state affairs; Shang Yong's Mr. Wang was named a teacher, Yang Xun was named a Pacific Insurance, and Mu Yugen was named a Taishi to assist in state affairs. At that time, Mu Yugen became a founding father on his own, but he refused to accept Murong Ke and acted disdainfully. At that time, the Queen Mother was able to intervene in foreign affairs. Mu Yugen wanted to rebel, so he advised Murong Ke to rebel together and was rejected. After Murong Ke told Mu Rongchui about it, Mu Rongchui advised him to kill Mu Yugen, but Murong Ke put the overall situation first and didn't agree. After Mu Yugen plotted to kill Murong Ke and Murong, they heard about it and killed Mu Yugen. In March, Murong Ke took Mu Rongchui as the ambassador to observe the festival, recruited General Nan, served as Commander-in-Chief of Yu Army, took charge of Yanzhou Pastoral and Jingzhou Secretariat, and set up a town of Liang Guozhi. In February of the third year of Xingning (365), Mu Rongchui and Murong Ke attacked Luo. In March, Croatia captured and killed General Jin Shen of Yang Wu. Immediately, Murong Ke went to the earthquakes in Song, Bo and Guanzhong, and Fu Jian, the king of Qin, was stationed in Shaanxi City to prevent the Yan army. Murong Ke thought that the commanders of Jing, Yang, Luo, Xu, Yan, Yu, Yong, Yi, Liang, Qin Shizhou, General Cheung Nam and Jingzhou Animal Husbandry had deployed 10,000 troops in Luyang Town. Murong ling

Murong Ke was very surprised at Mu Rongchui's military talents, and he relied on them very much. He often said to Murong Yong: "The princes of Wu were ten times more talented than ministers, and the first emperor took seniority as the second. After my death, I hope that your majesty will appoint the king of Wu, which can be said to be both ability and political integrity "("Jin Murong Blows Record "). After Murong Ke became seriously ill, he was deeply powerless in Murong Yong's hands, and Murong criticized him with suspicion. To Murong Zang, the elder brother of Murong Yong and the king of Le 'an, he said, "Today, Qin is domineering, Wu does not welcome guests, and both sides are enterprising and suffer for no reason. The husband depends on the people, and the country depends on the virtuous assistant. If we can promote talents and be loyal to the same clan, the four seas are insufficient and the second road is difficult! I am a regular talent and highly valued by the former emperor. Every time I want to destroy the customs and dragons, I will swing for a while, and I will inherit the legacy of my late emperor, and I will thank you for your sorrow. And the disease is dying, fearing that this ambition will fail, so there is no resentment. The prince of Wu was brilliant and brave. Soon after, Sima was in charge of the relieving, and no one could lose it. I will give it to him after I die. If you are very close, don't give it to you. Although you are wise and sensitive, it is not that difficult. National security is really here. You shouldn't forget your troubles for profit, so you will regret it very much (The Book of Jin Murong). In May, Murong Ke died of illness. Murong Yong asked himself about the future before he died. Murong Ke once again recommended Mu Rongchui to Murong Yong, saying: "I heard that I have been thanking you for your strong recommendation, and the balcony is acceptable, but Kuang Guozhi has beat me to it! The prince was both civil and military, and was in charge of Zhi Ya. If your majesty puts him in power, the country will be more insecure. Otherwise, I'm afraid the second coach will peek "(Book of Jin Murong Ke). After Murong Ke died, both the former Qin Dynasty and the Eastern Jin Dynasty wanted to take the opportunity to visit him. The former Qin dynasty was too busy to take care of it because of the governors' insurrection. Huan Wen, a fu of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, began the northern expedition to Yan Qian in April in the fourth year of Taihe (the tenth year of Yan Jianxi in 369), and Huan Wen led 50,000 troops from Guzhu (now Dangtu, Anhui) (see the battle of Yan Qian before the Jin attack). Huan Wen first eliminated Mu Rongchui's Battle of the West Extension.

General Tan Xuan was sent to attack Huguang (now southeast of Yutai, Shandong Province) and captured General Murong Zhong of Yan Ningdong alive. Murong Yong, the former Emperor of Yan Dynasty, appointed Mu Rongchui, the king of Xiapi, as commander in chief, and led 20,000 people to fight the Jin Army in Xu Huang (now Kaifeng East, Henan Province). The Yan army was defeated, and Mu Rongchui fled back on his own. Yan Gaoping, the satrap of Yan Gaoping, turned over the county and fell to Jin. Jin forward Deng Xia and Zhu Xu defeated the general of Yan State in Zhu Lin (now northeast of Xinzheng, Henan). Murong Yong sent Le 'an Wang Murong Zhang to lead the troops to resist, and Murong Zhang was defeated. Therefore, Li Feng, the regular servant of the scattered riders, was sent to the former Qin Dynasty for help. In July, Huan Wen was stationed in Wuyang (now southeast of Shenxian County), and the former general was strict, so Yanzhou secretariat led the clan to arise and respond, and Huan Wen arrived at Fangtou (now southwest of Xunxian County, Henan Province). The winning streak of Lien Chan in the Eastern Jin Dynasty made Murong Yong and Murong Ping, a teacher, very afraid, and discussed how to escape from their old capital, Dragon (now Chaoyang, Liaoning). At this time, Mu Rongchui, the king of Wu, asked to send an army to resist Jin. He said, "Otherwise. I invite you to hit it. If the battle is not successful, it is not too late to leave now "(Biography of Jin Murong Yong). Murong Yong used Mu Rongchui instead of Murong Zang to win the southern viceroy, and led the southern general Murong De and others to ride 50,000 steps to resist Huan Wen. Murong Yong sent Le Song, a deputy riding officer, to the State of Qin for help and promised to cut the land west of Tiger Prison (now Sishui Town, northwest of Xingyang, Henan). Fu Jian, the former king of Qin, called his ministers to discuss and adopted the suggestion that the Raptors should first help the weak and attack the strong, and then take advantage of the decline of Yan State. In August, General Gou Chi and Deng Qiang, the secretariat of Los Angeles, led twenty thousand troops to save Yan Qian. The reinforcements set out from Qin Luo (now Henan Province), left Luoyang, arrived in Tunyingchuan (now Xu Changdong City, Henan Province), and sent assistant minister Fu Jiang to report to Yan State on horseback. Huan Wen contacted Mu Rongchui.

After losing, the grain and grass were interrupted. I heard that the reinforcements of the former Qin Dynasty were coming, so I ordered the burning of warships, left the battle of the trench behind, and led the army to retreat by land. Huan Wen started from Dongyan (now southeast of Jixian County, Henan Province). On the way back, he was afraid that Qian Yan's pursuers would poison the upstream and ordered the foot soldiers to dig wells to drink water. So he walked 700 miles. Mu Rongchui said, "No way. At the beginning of Wen's retreat, there must be heavy guards. Jane's elite will refuse later and may not succeed. Better slow down. He is glad that I haven't arrived yet, and I will run around the clock; As long as all his men are exhausted, exhausted, and then attacked, without exception "(Zi Tongzhi Jian, Volume 120). So, Mu Rongchui was advancing 8,000 cavalry troops to follow the Huan Wen Army. Huan Wen really accelerated its withdrawal. A few days later, Mu Rongchui told his generals that "warmth can be attacked" (Zi Jian 120). Then ordered people to hurry and catch up with Huan Wen in Xiangyi (now Suixian County, Henan Province). Murong Dexian led 4,000 elite cavalry to ambush in Xiangxi, Xiangyi, and Mu Rongchui attacked Huan Wen from east to west, defeated 8 Jin J and beheaded 30,000 people. At that time, General Gou Jian of Qin stopped Huan Wen in Qiaocheng County, and tens of thousands of Jin soldiers died. General Jin defended Wuyang against the Yan army and was captured by General Meng Gao. In October, when the weather was getting colder, Huan Wen gathered more troops and camped in Yang Shan (now Huai 'an, Jiangsu). So far, Huan Wen's attack on Yan ended in failure. Mu Rongchui defeated Huan Wen and gained great fame. Mr. Murong's evaluation of Mu Rongchui is both jealous and hateful. Later, in order to reward his soldiers, Mu Rongchui said, "The enlisted soldiers have made selfless contributions, and the generals Sun Gai and others will be rewarded" (Zi Jian 120). But it was suppressed by Mr. Murong's evaluation. Mu Rongchui was very dissatisfied and had an argument with Mr. Murong. The Queen Mother hated Mu Rongchui, so she ruined her exploits and conspired with Mr. Murong to kill Mu Rongchui. When Murong Kai, the son of Murong Ke, and Lan Jian, the uncle of Murong Ke, learned about it, they said, "Take the initiative to attack, but there is nothing we can do except comment on Wang Zang of Lean." Mu Rongchui couldn't bear it, saying, "The country is a mess. I just have to die, so I can't bear to do it "(Zi Jian, Volume 120). Soon, the two told Mu Rongchui: "The meaning has been decided, so it must be sent early." Mu Rongchui said, "It is better to avoid it than to discuss it" (Zi Jian, Volume 120). Mu Rongchui was worried, but he was afraid to tell the philosophers. At the same time, he was afraid of causing a stir among philosophers. Prince Murong Ling said, "If you are worried, don't you take the Lord as your teacher, be too diligent and virtuous, expect merit, and the more you guess, the worse you get?" Mu Rongchui said, "Of course. I tried my best to break the strong enemy fatally. I wanted to save my country, but after I succeeded, I returned to my body. If you know my heart, why do you want to see me? " MuRongLing said, "the main weak. If you appoint a teacher, you will get sick at a terrible opportunity. Today, if you want to protect the whole family, you won't lose your sense of justice. Apologize when you escape to Longcheng, and wait for the test of the Lord. If Duke Zhou lives in the East, you can feel it. Take it back. This is also a great blessing. If not, it is to take care of the Yan people at home and that generation, take care of the foreigners outside, and protect themselves as much as possible, and secondly "("Zi Jian Volume 120 "). Mu Rongchui thought this method was very good, so he agreed. 1 1 month, Mu Rongchui went back to Liuzhou, his old capital, anonymously on the grounds of hunting. I had an accident when I arrived in Handan. My youngest son Murong Lin has never been favored by Mu Rongchui, so I complained to Murong that many people left Mu Rongchui. After Mr. Murong commented, he spoke ill of Mu Rongchui in front of Mr. Murong Yong, so he sent Xiping Gong Murong Qiang to chase him. In Fanyang (now Beijing), Mu Rongchui sent Murong Ling to patrol, but Murong Qiang did not dare to chase him. Murong Ling said to Mu Rongchui in the evening, "I want to protect the East, but now it has been leaked, and it can't be established. Qin recruited Yan Yingjie, so it is better to go back. " Mu Rongchui said, "If you plan today, you will not be guaranteed if you give up this" (Zi Jian, Volume 120)! Mu Rongchui "rode away, restored his power near Nanshan, and was hidden in Zhao Zhixian's original tomb" (Zi Tongzhi Jian (volume 120)). And killed a white horse to sacrifice to heaven. Murong Ling said to Mu Rongchui, "Teachers are jealous of virtuous and ill-equipped. Since this incident, people have been particularly disgusted. In today's Yecheng, I don't know what to respect, just like a baby's mother, Yi and Xia are the same. If you follow the heart of the public and take it by surprise, you will know it like the back of your hand. After the matter is settled, we should rectify the malpractice, simplify the work, make great contributions to the government, help the Lord, save the country and the family, and make great contributions. You can't miss it today. I am willing to ride a few people, which is enough. " Mu Rongchui said, "If your plan succeeds, it will be a great blessing and nothing to regret! It is better to run west, to be sure "("Zi Jian Volume 120 "). So Mu Rongchui led his troops westward to Heyang, stopped Tianjinwei, and then crossed the river. He left Luoyang with Mrs Duan, MuRongLing, MuRongBao, MuRongNong, Murong Long, MuRongKai, the son of MuRongKe, and the doctor, leaving HunShi in Ye. Wu Gui, the Lord of Er Quan, led the troops in pursuit and was repelled by Murong Ling. Since the death of Murong Ke, Fu Jian, the former king of Qin, had a plan to cut Yan, but it never came true because of civil strife and fear of Mu Rongchui's reputation. When Fu Jian heard that Mu Rongchui was going home, he was overjoyed. He personally greeted him in the suburbs, shook his hand and said, "Sages are born with * * *, and they will do great things naturally. If you want to settle the world with Qing Dynasty, you can win the favor of Daizong, and then you can return to your own country and seal Youzhou, so that you can go to the country as a filial piety to your son and be loyal to me. Isn't it beautiful? " Mu Rongchui said gratefully, "I'm lucky to get away with it. The glory of this realm is beyond my expectation "(Zi Jian 120)! Fu Jian cherishes the talents of MuRongLing and MuRongJie, treats them well and rewards millions. Every time he goes to see them, he belongs to the eye of heaven. Mu Rongchui and his son are admired by the Guanzhong people. Wang Meng, the prime minister of Qin Dynasty, knew that there was a heroic plan, and he was afraid of causing trouble in the future. He said to Fu Jian, "Yan's relatives are world-famous Eastern Xia, who is kind and benevolent and has a good relationship with ordinary people. There is a sense of honor between Yan and Zhao. Judging from his talent, he has no right to wisdom, and his scholars are highly skilled and outstanding. Dragon and beast, things that cannot be tamed, it is better to get rid of them. " Fu Jian refused, saying, "We are righteous men, and we can't do much. And when it first came, I sincerely told it, now it hurts, what will people call me "("The Sword of Jin Fu ")! With Mu Rongchui as the top general, he sealed the guest capital and ate 500 households in Huayin. Before that, Yangang was in disorder and increasingly corrupt. After Huan Wen attacked Yan, he went back on his word and did not cede the land west of Tiger Prison (now Sishui Town, northwest of Xingyang, Henan) to Qian Qin. The former Qin used this as an excuse, and in November, he sent General Wang and rode 30,000 troops to attack (see the battle of the former Qin Dynasty), and took Murong Ling as the guide to join the army. After Murong Ling fled back to Yan Qian, it was suspicious that she returned because of her sudden rebellion, but Mu Rongchui was safe and sound. Yanting sent Murong Ling in disguise, and sent him to Shacheng in the far north for alert and close monitoring. MuRongLing wanted to contact ShaCheng Kibaki, ready to revolt, but was told by MuRongLin that MuRongLing was killed.