Common sense of Canadian history and culture

About thousands of years ago, people who first settled in Canada immigrated from Asia through the land bridge between Siberia and Alaska. They constitute the North American Indians and Inuit. About a thousand years ago, European explorers first came to Canada, but Europeans really began to explore this land at the end of15th century. The permanent settlement of Britain and France began at the beginning of17th century, and increased rapidly in this century. Inevitably, North America became the focus of fierce confrontation between Britain and France.

After several large-scale wars, the British ruled most areas except Quebec. 1759, France was defeated by Britain in the Battle of Quebec. The Treaty of Paris ceded all French territory east of the Mississippi River to Britain, except St. Paul's Island and Miquelon Island near Newfoundland.

1867, 1 In July, upper Canada, lower Canada, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick were merged into the dominion of Canada according to the provisions of the British North America Act. Shortly after the Federation was founded, Canada began to expand to the northwest. 1870 bought the Midwest from Hudson's Bay Company and established a new province, Manitoba. 187 1 year, British Columbia made a decision to join the Federation; 1873, Prince Edward Island also joined the Federation; The North Yukon was formally established1898; 1905 western Alberta and Saskatchewan were established; Until 1949, Newfoundland became the tenth province in Canada.

193 1 year, the Westminster act was passed, and Canada obtained almost all the constitutions from Britain. Since then, Canada has become one of the Commonwealth countries.

2. What are the cultures in Canada?

Canada is an immigrant country. There are various nationalities in its population, and its culture is also characterized by diversity.

The Canadian diet is dominated by meat and vegetables, supplemented by pasta and rice. I like to eat beef, chicken and other meats, especially sardines and game. I like to eat raw vegetables, mainly tomatoes, celery, cauliflower, onions, potatoes, cucumbers and so on. Canadians taste light, sweet and sour, and don't like it too salty. Pay attention to nutrition and freshness. Cooking methods include frying, roasting and frying. I like crunchy food. I like to eat fried steak, fried lamb chops, fried fish and shrimp, sweet and sour fish, sweet and sour pork and so on. I don't eat animal viscera and claws, and I don't eat spicy food.

Maple is the national tree of Canada, and maple leaf is the national flower of Canada. Sugar maple and black maple are the most famous maple trees in China, and March Maple Sugar Festival is an important festival in Canada.

Canadians dress like Americans, but not as casually as Americans. On informal occasions, they dress casually and often wear jackets, T-shirts and slacks. On formal occasions, such as going to work, going to church, watching a performance, attending a banquet, etc. They dress neatly and pay attention to it. Men wear suits and women wear skirts. Women's clothing does not pay much attention to fabrics, but pays attention to novel styles, coordinated colors, comfort and convenience. Canadians are simple, easy-going, friendly and hospitable. When we meet, we usually shake hands, not as casually as Americans.

What impressed me most was the tradition and culture of Canada.

China's traditional culture is the fundamental creativity of the achievements of Chinese civilization, and it is the sum total of moral inheritance, various cultural ideas and spiritual concepts in national history. China traditional culture is a harmonious and inclusive system based on Laozi's moral culture, Confucianism, Zhuangzi thought, Mozi thought and Taoist culture. China's traditional culture, also known as Chinese culture and Chinese civilization, is the leader of China's excellent culture for 5,000 years. It has been circulated for a long time and widely distributed, and is called the "Chinese cultural circle". Culture is a description of the natural laws of the universe, and culture is an extension of morality. Culture is nature, culture is life and life is culture; Culture is soft power and the internal driving force that determines everything; Culture is the social ideology, the ideological spirit of the Chinese nation and the foundation of social politics and economy.

China's traditional culture should first include thought, writing and language, followed by the six arts of ceremony, music, shooting, imperial art, calligraphy and mathematics, and then the folk customs derived from calligraphy, music, martial arts, Quyi, chess, festivals and rich life. Traditional culture is closely related and integrated with our lives, and we enjoy it unconsciously.

China's traditional culture should include: ancient prose, ancient poetry, ci, music, fu, national music, national drama, folk art, Chinese painting, calligraphy, couplets, riddles, shots, wine orders, two-part allegorical sayings and so on. Traditional festivals (all according to the lunar calendar) include: Spring Festival on the first day of the first month (Lunar New Year), Lantern Festival on the 15th day of the first month, Cold Food Festival around Tomb-Sweeping Day on April 5th, Dragon Boat Festival on May 5th, Tanabata on July 7th, Mid-Autumn Festival on August 15th, New Year's Eve of the twelfth lunar month and various folk activities. China's ancient natural sciences, including traditional calendars, and the traditional cultures of various regions and ethnic minorities living in China are also part of China's traditional culture.

4. Canadian culture

Although Canada has only a history of more than 200 years, it has a long history of immigration. It can be said that Canada has always been an immigrant country. Both British and French descendants, as the mainstream of society, are descendants of European immigrants. Canada is a country founded by immigrants from all over the world. Numerous nationalities and cultures make up Canada's rich and colorful social and cultural life, which also enhances its appeal to people all over the world. Thousands of immigrants enter Canada every year and become a part of Canadian social life. Rich material life, beautiful living environment, colorful social culture, long immigration history and loose immigration policy are the main reasons to attract immigrants.

Population Canada has a population of more than 27 million and a small population density. Most Canadians in China live on the border between Canada and the United States. 75% of Canada's population lives within 0/60km of the Canada-US border. In Canada, the population in the north is getting smaller and smaller. In recent years, Asian immigrants have flooded into Canada. Among Asian immigrants, there are 800,000 Chinese from Chinese mainland, Taiwan Province and Hongkong, mainly living in Toronto, Ontario (400,000), Montreal, Quebec (6.5438+0.5 million) and Vancouver, British Columbia (250,000).

Language: Europeans who immigrated to Canada in the early days are all descendants of Britain and France, 82% of Canadians speak English, and 65,438+06% are French (mainly Quebec). In recent years, with the influx of Asian immigrants, Chinese has become the most popular language in Canada after English and French. The Chinese community in Toronto, Canada has developed into a Chinatown after San Francisco.

Canada and its people are proud of the multicultural environment of Canadian society. This is not only a remarkable sign different from other immigrant importing countries, but also one of the main reasons to attract immigrants. Canada is a well-deserved country with no obvious racial discrimination. Activities organized by communities or groups with different ethnic and cultural backgrounds to maintain or develop their own ethnic or racial culture will not only be respected by society, but also be supported by * * * *. For example, Chinese cram schools in Chinese areas can be funded by the * * * Cultural Fund. In recent years, the influx of immigrants from China has brought different cultural atmosphere to many big Canadian cities. Due to the increase of Chinese, many street names, shop signs and even police stations in Chinatown appear in striking Chinese and English forms. In Chinatown, early Chinese immigrants mainly engaged in catering, travel agencies, groceries, local products stores and other industries. In recent years, a large proportion of new immigrants are distributed in the fields of science and technology and engineering. The main body of Chinese immigrants in Chinese mainland is skilled immigrants, and their industries are also different from the traditional industries in Chinese areas. Moreover, due to the increasing cultural level and educational background, it is inevitable to integrate into the mainstream society.

5. What are the cultures and customs of Canada?

Canada is a country with a large number of immigrants. Apart from Canada's natural environment, a free and inclusive multicultural environment is another important reason why people of all ethnic groups and races choose to live in Canada.

Except Inuit and Indians, other nationalities and races in Canada immigrated from all over the world. After historical running-in, different ethnic groups from Asia, America and Europe know each other and learn to respect each other. Now, all nations and races in Canada are not only proud of their own culture, but also proud of Canada's inclusive overall cultural mentality. Different cultures, strong or weak, can maintain their own characteristics independently and completely in this free land of Canada, and will not be assimilated or extinct. Now the Indians and Inuit in Canada still keep their own way of life.

The preservation of various cultures in Canada is inseparable from Canada's multicultural policy. Since 197 1 Canada * * * established the multicultural orientation, the multicultural image of Canada has been deeply rooted in people's hearts. Through the Canadian Multicultural Law passed by 1988 and the annual Canadian Multicultural Festival since 2003, the harmonious coexistence of different cultures has become the biggest feature of Canadian culture.

Although the cultural roots are different, most Canadians are straightforward and enthusiastic, and foreigners who ask for directions in Canada will be treated warmly. Canadians also have some fixed customs. As long as you don't behave badly, Canada will definitely leave you with good memories.

Canadian custom

There are fewer smokers in Canada, and smoking is prohibited in most areas, especially in public places such as buses. Restaurants are mostly divided into smoking and non-smoking areas. If you want to smoke while eating, please ask the waiter to arrange a smoking seat before taking a seat, while smoking in private places requires the permission of the host first. Canadians pay attention to hygiene, do not spit, do not litter, and pay attention to keeping instruments clean.

Visiting others in Canada, whether formal or not, requires an appointment. Uninvited guests are impolite. Generally speaking, Canadians greet each other by shaking hands, and French etiquette such as hugging can be used in special occasions such as French. When talking with Canadians, don't point with your fingers, but keep a proper distance. The conversation should not involve private issues, such as private life, income, expenses and the age of the lady. It is best not to talk about the differences between Canada and the United States or topics related to the English-speaking and French-speaking areas of Canada. Be polite to women and the elderly when entering and leaving the gates, elevators, stairs and vehicles, and wait in line when waiting for a bus or restaurant seat.

Canadians are used to eating cold food, mainly dinner. When eating with Canadians, don't be too polite and persuade them to drink. Canadians don't like fat meat, and they hate fishy food such as shrimp paste and fermented bean curd. Animal viscera and claws are food taboos in Canada. Banquets in Canada usually have even seats, so the number "13" is taboo. Black and purple are unpopular colors in Canada. In Canada, white lilies are used for funerals. Don't give them away. Even children should wear swimsuits when swimming. Don't be too surprised that there are ladies in bikinis sunbathing in Canada in summer. Original source:

6. Introduce Canadian culture.

Canadians are more conservative than Americans.

The proper behavior when they meet and break up is to shake hands. In most parts of Canada, appointments should be punctual.

Most entertainment activities are held in hotels or clubs. If you are entertained in a private home, sending flowers to the hostess instead of lilies will remind people of a funeral.

It is necessary to avoid completely separating the French from the Canadians. Canadians are proud of their country and hate to compare their country with the United States.

Positive comments on the people there and their country are most welcome. Canadians speak frankly and enthusiastically.

Punctuality, stingy time. Don't talk about ethnic issues. Canada is a country in the north of North America, with the second largest area in the world.

With a population of more than 27 million, it is a country with a small population density in the world. Canada is an immigrant country with 42% British residents, 27% French residents and descendants of other European countries. The indigenous people are Indians and Inuit.

There are about 800,000 people in China. English and French are both official languages.

Catholicism accounts for 47.3%, and Christianity accounts for 4 1.2%. Maple is the national tree of Canada, and maple leaf is the national flower of Canada. Sugar maple and black maple are the most famous maple trees in China, and March Maple Sugar Festival is an important festival in Canada.

The Canadian diet is dominated by meat and vegetables, supplemented by pasta and rice. I like to eat beef, chicken and other meats, especially sardines and game.

I like to eat raw vegetables, mainly tomatoes, celery, cauliflower, onions, potatoes, cucumbers and so on. Canadians taste light, sweet and sour, and don't like it too salty.

Pay attention to nutrition and freshness. Cooking methods include frying, roasting and frying. I like crunchy food.

I like to eat fried steak, fried lamb chops, fried fish and shrimp, sweet and sour fish, sweet and sour pork and so on. I don't eat animal viscera and claws, and I don't eat spicy food. I like drinking, such as brandy, champagne, beer, gin, whisky, soda water, grape sprinkles, mead and so on.

Drink fruit juice, Coca Cola and other drinks. I like fruits such as lemon, litchi, banana, apple and pear, and nuts such as pine nuts, raisins and peanuts.

In three meals a day, breakfast is relatively simple, mainly eating toast, eggs, bacon, milk, juice, vegetarian porridge, cornflakes porridge and so on. It is also easier to bring rice or fast food for lunch. There are usually sandwiches, drinks and fruits.

Dinner is a full meal. The staple food is chicken, beef, fish and pork chops, supplemented by potatoes, carrots, beans, bread, milk and drinks. I like to use clear soup (with beans and radish). Eat snacks, apple pie, peach pie, etc. at 0/0 am/kloc-0 and 3 pm.

The fast food industry in Canada is developing rapidly, and there are many kinds, such as hot dogs, Italian pies, hamburgers, Greek fried chicken, Mexican tacos and China rice. Canada also likes to eat our Jiangsu cuisine, Shanghai cuisine and Shandong cuisine.

Canadians dress like Americans, but not as casually as Americans. On informal occasions, they dress casually and often wear jackets, T-shirts and slacks. On formal occasions, such as going to work, going to church, watching a performance, attending a banquet, etc. They dress neatly and pay attention to it.

Men wear suits and women wear skirts. Women's clothing does not pay much attention to fabrics, but pays attention to novel styles, coordinated colors, comfort and convenience.

Canadians are simple, easy-going, friendly and hospitable. When we meet, we usually shake hands, not as casually as Americans.

Acquaintances use hug etiquette. You can shake hands when you break up.

Introducing etiquette means introducing men to women, young people to old people and people with low status to people with high status. When acquaintances meet, they call each other by their first names.

When shaking hands, ladies, elders and people with high positions hold out their hands first. When talking, choose a topic that everyone cares about. You like to talk about Canada's economic and cultural development, weather, sports, tourism, customs and other topics.

You can't ask personal life questions such as age, income, family status, marital status, and lady's weight. I don't like to compare Canada with America.

Don't talk about social sensitive issues such as politics, nationality, religion, language, French and Quebec. In public, they pay attention to civility and politeness, and they should be seated in advance when watching the performance, and don't walk halfway.

Don't talk loudly or litter in public places. Take public transport, take the initiative to give seats to the elderly and children, and queue up when getting on the bus.

Encounter? Quot Private property, please don't cross ","Don't enter, don't enter "and other signs. Canadians have a strong sense of time, so appointments should be made in advance and on time.

Formal appointments are generally in restaurants, and executive meetings are generally in restaurants and clubs. Gifts should be given with a purpose, not casually.

7. Briefly introduce the history of Canada.

Explorers from Britain and France, the first distant colony, came to North America to discover new territories in order to find a new route to the "Oriental" rich market.

They set up new bases in different parts of Canada. Among them, the French are mostly along the St. Lawrence River, the Great Lakes and the Mississippi River; The British are concentrated in Hudson Bay and the Atlantic coast.

Explorers such as cabot, Cartier and Champlain never found the route to India and China, but they found many equally valuable things in Canada, such as rich fishing grounds and an amazing number of beavers, foxes and bears. Their furs are very valuable. The British and French didn't officially settle in Canada until the beginning of the17th century.

Although more and more immigrants have promoted the economic development, New France and New England colonies still rely mainly on fur trade economically and France and Britain politically and militarily. /kloc-After the disintegration of the British and French empires in the 8th century, North America became an important stage for global competition between Britain and France.

After Quebec City came under British control in 1759, the French territory east of the Mississippi River was ceded to Britain by the Treaty of Paris, but Saint Pierre Island and Midland Island near Newfoundland were still owned by France. Under British rule, 65,000 French residents have a common goal, which is to preserve their traditions, languages and cultures.

In order to alleviate the potential racial hatred, Britain passed the Quebec Act in 1774, which officially recognized the French civil law and guaranteed the freedom of religion and language of French residents. 1776 after the independence of the United States, a large number of English immigrants flooded into Canada.

These royalists loyal to the British Empire hope to seek asylum in Canada. They mainly live in colonies, such as Nova Scotia and New Brunswick and the Great Lakes region.

179 1 year sustained population growth led to the establishment of Upper Canada (now Ontario) and Lower Canada (now Quebec). Both administrative regions have their own management institutions.

1837 and 1838 rebellions in upper and lower Canada. 1848, both places were granted sovereignty except diplomacy.

Although Canada continues to gain autonomy, it is still a part of the British Empire. The birth of the country The British colonies in Canada, including Canada, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland, continued to develop and prosper.

However, the more powerful United States after the Civil War made some politicians realize that all British colonies can only resist possible American aggression if they unite. 1 July, 8671day, East Canada, West Canada, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick formed the dominion of Canada.

The * * * system in this new country is basically the British parliamentary system. The Governor is the representative of the royal family, and the National Assembly consists of the Senate and the House of Representatives.

Congress has the right to legislate on matters involving national interests (such as taxation and national defense), while provinces have the right to legislate on matters involving "special" interests (such as property, citizenship and education). Growth of the country After the foundation of the Federation, Canada began to grow into a country.

One province after another appeared on the map of Canada. At the same time, immigration is also increasing, especially to the west.

19 13 The number of immigrants to Canada reached the peak of 400,000. Before World War II, Canada benefited from the prosperous world economy and established its own industry and agriculture.

Canada's important role in the First World War made it establish an independent image different from that of Britain in the post-war international league. 193 1 year, the adoption of the Westminster Act consolidated Canada's constitutional autonomy.

The global economic recession from 65438 to 0929 made the occupation rate in Canada reach 25%. Alberta, Saskatchewan and Manitoba also suffered heavy losses due to drought.

In World War II, Canada, as a member of the Allies, played an important role in the supply of military supplies, thus restoring the domestic economy and becoming the fourth largest industrial power in the world after the war. Expansion to the West 1869 Canada purchased the Lubert area from the Hudson's Bay Company.

Under this threat, Louis Riel led the Metis to occupy Fort Gary in Winnipeg in June 5438 +065438+ 10. 1870, considering the concerns of the local Metis, the Federation reached a compromise with them, that is, set aside a piece from the original Lubert area to establish Manitoba province.

187 1 year, British Columbia joined the dominion after being promised to build a railway connecting other parts of Canada in its territory. Prince Edward Island joined the dominion in 1873.

1898, the northern Yukon was formally established, and Canada's judicial power in this area was established. 1905, Rupert was divided into two new provinces: Alberta and Saskatchewan.

The rest became the northwest. From 65438 to 0949, Newfoundland became the tenth province of Canada.

1999 Nunavut area is divided into the northwest. After World War II, Canada's economy continued to expand.

Economic development, together with family allowance, old-age allowance, universal health insurance, unemployment insurance and other social welfare systems, have brought Canadians a high standard and high quality of life. The immigration tide in Canada has also changed significantly.

Before World War II, most immigrants came from the British Isles or Eastern Europe. After 1945, more and more immigrants came from southern Europe, Asia, South America and Caribbean islands, which also enriched Canada's multiculturalism.

John kay cabot arrived at the east coast of Canada on 1497. 1534, Jacques Cartier came to what is now Newfoundland, and marked St. Lawrence Bay on the map (14 July).

In the following years, he traveled along the St. Lawrence River to Kona (now Quebec) and Hohraga (now Montreal) in Stada. 1608 champlain established its first permanent European colony, Quebec, on July 3rd.

1670, Hudson's Bay Company was established, and was granted the land transaction right in Lubert area, and all the land was owned by Hudson's Bay Company (May 2). 1759 in the Battle of Abraham Plain.

8. Canadian history

Canada is said to come from the word "Ghana Tower", which means "tribe" in Indian language. There is no dramatic revolution and cruelty in Canadian history, and there are no great writers, artists and great figures in world history textbooks. It turns out that the history of Canada began with the history of Indians, Eskimos and other aborigines. /kloc-after 0/0 century, the footprints of western Europe began to set foot on this land. At first, pirates came to eastern Canada, and then from the European exploration period to modern times, the history of the North American continent developed rapidly at this stage. Although it is not gorgeous, it does shine with its own dramatic color.

1 July, 8671day, the British Parliament passed the "1867 British North America [BNA] Act" (North America Act), officially recognizing Canada's autonomy, and cooperating with Ontario, Quebec and Nova.

Scotland and New Brunswick form the Federation of Canada, and July 1 was also designated as Canada's National Day. After that, other provinces and regions gradually added * * states. From 1999 to March 2000, Nunavut became 10 province, and 13 region added * * states after two special zones.

193 1 year, Canada's domestic and foreign affairs officially broke away from the subordinate position of Britain and gained full autonomy, becoming a member of the Commonwealth, and its parliament later gained equal legislative power with the British parliament.

1945 joined the League of Nations and 1949 joined the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, which formally consolidated its position in international politics.

1965, Canada formulated its own national anthem and national flag.

1882 On April 17, the Queen of England announced that Canada's legislation was separated from Britain and signed the draft Canadian Constitution, that is, the current Canadian Constitution.

9. What is the basic situation of Canadian culture and Canadian life?

If you want to study in Canada, how can you not pay attention to Canadian culture and life in advance? If you can know some relevant knowledge in advance, it will definitely be more beneficial to integrate into the local cultural life in Canada.

Canada is a country with a large number of immigrants. Apart from Canada's natural environment, a free and inclusive multicultural environment is another important reason why people of all ethnic groups and races choose to live in Canada. Except Inuit and Indians, other nationalities and races in Canada immigrated from all over the world. After historical running-in, different ethnic groups from Asia, America and Europe know each other and learn to respect each other.

Now, all nations and races in Canada are not only proud of their own culture, but also proud of Canada's inclusive overall cultural mentality. Different cultures, strong or weak, can maintain their own characteristics independently and completely in this free land of Canada, and will not be assimilated or extinct.

Now the Indians and Inuit in Canada still keep their own way of life. The preservation of Canadian culture is inseparable from Canada's multicultural policy.

Since 197 1 Canada * * * established the multicultural orientation, the multicultural image of Canada has been deeply rooted in people's hearts. Through the Canadian Multicultural Law passed by 1988 and the annual Canadian Multicultural Festival since 2003, the harmonious coexistence of different cultures has become the biggest feature of Canadian culture. Although the cultural roots are different, most Canadians are straightforward and enthusiastic, and foreigners who ask for directions in Canada will be treated warmly.

Canadians also have some fixed customs. As long as you don't behave badly, Canada will definitely leave you with good memories. Canadian living habits There are fewer smokers in Canada, and smoking is prohibited in most areas, especially in public places such as buses. Restaurants are mostly divided into smoking and non-smoking areas. If you want to smoke while eating, ask the waiter to arrange the smoking area before taking a seat. If you smoke in a private place, you must first get the permission of the host.

Canadians pay attention to hygiene, do not spit, do not litter, and pay attention to keeping instruments clean. Visiting others in Canada, whether formal or not, requires an appointment. Uninvited guests are impolite.

Generally speaking, Canadians greet each other by shaking hands, and French etiquette such as hugging can be used in special occasions such as French. When talking with Canadians, don't point with your fingers, but keep a proper distance. The conversation should not involve private issues, such as private life, income, expenses and the age of the lady. It is best not to talk about the differences between Canada and the United States or topics related to the English-speaking and French-speaking areas of Canada.

Be polite to women and the elderly when entering and leaving the gates, elevators, stairs and vehicles, and wait in line when waiting for a bus or restaurant seat. Canadians are used to eating cold food, mainly dinner. When eating with Canadians, don't be too polite and persuade them to drink. Canadians don't like fat meat, and they hate fishy food such as shrimp paste and fermented bean curd. Animal viscera and claws are food taboos in Canada.

Banquets in Canada usually have even seats, so the number "13" is taboo. Black and purple are unpopular colors in Canada.

In Canada, white lilies are used for funerals. Don't give them away. Even children should wear swimsuits when swimming.

There are ladies in bikinis sunbathing in Canada in summer, so don't be too surprised to study in Canada. The above is my answer to this question, I hope it will help you.