What are the symptoms of coronary heart disease? I feel very uncomfortable these days. I have to take a long breath from time to time or feel out of breath. ...

According to its clinical symptoms, coronary heart disease can be divided into five types:

1, angina pectoris type: manifested as a feeling of squeezing behind the sternum, abdominal distension, accompanied by obvious anxiety, lasting for 3 ~ 5 minutes, often spreading to the left arm, shoulder, jaw, throat and back, and also radiating to the right arm. Sometimes these parts can be involved without affecting the posterior sternum. Exertion, emotional excitement, cold and full meal increase myocardial oxygen consumption, which is called exertional angina pectoris. Sometimes angina pectoris is atypical, which can be manifested as tightness, syncope, fatigue and belching, especially in the elderly. According to the frequency and severity of the attack, it can be divided into stable angina pectoris and unstable angina pectoris. Stable angina pectoris refers to angina pectoris caused by exertion for more than one month, and its attack location, frequency, severity, duration and the amount of labor to induce the attack are basically stable. Unstable angina pectoris refers to angina pectoris with increased frequency, duration and severity of the original stable angina pectoris, or new angina pectoris (1 month), or angina pectoris at rest. Unstable angina pectoris is a precursor of acute myocardial infarction, and you should go to the hospital immediately if you find it.

2, myocardial infarction type: about a week before infarction, there are often premonitory symptoms, such as angina pectoris and slight physical activity at rest, accompanied by obvious discomfort and fatigue. During infarction, it is characterized by persistent intense pressure, tightness and even knife-like pain, which is located behind the sternum and often involves the whole chest, especially the left side. Some patients can radiate downward along the ulnar side of the left arm, causing tingling sensation in the left wrist, palm and finger hemp, and some patients can radiate to the upper limbs, shoulders, neck and mandible, mainly on the left side. The pain site is the same as the previous angina pectoris, but it lasts longer and the pain is heavier. Rest and nitroglycerin can't relieve it. Sometimes it is manifested as epigastric pain, which is easily confused with abdominal diseases. Accompanied by low fever, irritability, sweating, cold sweat, nausea, vomiting, palpitation, dizziness, extreme fatigue, dyspnea, and sense of dying, lasting for more than 30 minutes and often lasting for several hours. You should see a doctor immediately if you find this situation.

How to find coronary heart disease early?

Coronary heart disease is a common and frequently-occurring disease in middle-aged and elderly people. People of this age should seek medical advice in time to find coronary heart disease as soon as possible if the following situations occur in their daily lives.

(1) Chest tightness or constrictive pain in the posterior sternum or precordial region occurs when you are tired or nervous, and it will be radiated to the left shoulder and left upper arm for 3-5 minutes, and then it will be relieved by itself after rest.

(2) Chest tightness, palpitation and shortness of breath during physical activity will be relieved automatically during rest.

(3) Headache, toothache and leg pain related to exercise.

(4) Chest pain and palpitation when having a full meal, catching a cold or watching a thrilling movie.

(5) Those who feel chest tightness when sleeping with a low pillow at night and need a high pillow to feel comfortable; Those who suddenly have chest pain, palpitation and dyspnea when sleeping or lying flat during the day and need to sit up or stand up immediately to relieve them.

(6) Palpitation, chest tightness, shortness of breath or chest pain during sexual life or forced defecation.

(7) Hearing noise can cause palpitation and chest tightness.

(8) Recurrent irregular pulse and unexplained tachycardia or bradycardia.

In order to detect coronary heart disease as early as possible, people over the age of 40 should do the following tests regularly:

If the test results are abnormal or there are other risk factors of coronary heart disease, blood cholesterol should be tested once or more every five years.

Check your blood pressure once a year.

Do a blood sugar test once a year.

If you belong to the high-risk group of coronary heart disease, you should ask a doctor to see if you need an electrocardiogram. If further examination is needed, the doctor will arrange an exercise test to measure the electrocardiogram when stepping on a stationary bicycle or treadmill.

Coronary angiography is the most reliable method to diagnose coronary heart disease.

3. Asymptomatic myocardial ischemia: Many patients have extensive coronary artery obstruction but do not feel angina pectoris, and even some patients do not feel angina pectoris during myocardial infarction. Some patients have sudden cardiac death, which was discovered only after routine physical examination found myocardial infarction. Some patients underwent coronary angiography because of arrhythmia on ischemic electrocardiogram or positive exercise test. The probability of sudden cardiac death and myocardial infarction in these patients is the same as that in patients with angina pectoris, so we should pay attention to the usual heart health care.

4. Heart failure and arrhythmia type: some patients had angina pectoris, but later due to extensive pathological changes and extensive myocardial fibrosis, angina pectoris gradually eased to disappear, but there were manifestations of heart failure, such as tightness, edema and fatigue. , and various arrhythmias, manifested as palpitations. Some patients have never had angina pectoris, but they are directly manifested as heart failure and arrhythmia.

5. Sudden death type: refers to the unpredictable sudden death caused by coronary heart disease, which is caused by cardiac arrest within 6 hours after the emergence of acute symptoms. It is mainly due to the abnormal electrophysiological activity of myocardial cells caused by ischemia, which leads to serious arrhythmia.

Two. Logo:

Generally, there are no obvious positive signs in the early stage. In severe cases, the cardiac boundary can be enlarged to the left, and the first heart sound can be weakened. When arrhythmia occurs, premature beats and atrial fibrillation can be heard. When heart failure is complicated, wet rales can be heard in the lungs and galloping rhythm can be heard in the apex of the heart.