How to cope with weather changes in outdoor sports

How to cope with weather changes in outdoor sports

Preparation and understanding of severe weather

As mentioned above, those who engage in outdoor activities should learn to Weather knowledge to understand the characteristics of wild weather and why the weather changes. Thus, you will learn to observe the weather, which is necessary and helpful in actual activities, and how to draw and interpret weather maps.

Among meteorologists, some people can fully predict the weather for the next day simply by relying on the shape and movement of clouds. The first step in getting started with field meteorology is to look at the sky and look at the clouds. Observing the weather is of great help in predicting the weather. Please refer to relevant specialized books for details.

Secondly, if possible, you should learn to correctly draw weather charts for radio meteorological observations. Recently, due to the research and development of observation instruments, quite accurate and abundant meteorological data have been obtained. In the weather report broadcast at a fixed time every day, weather maps and national weather conditions are broadcast to the public. Recently, upper atmosphere weather maps have also become widely used.

So, in order to cope with bad weather, the items you should prepare before setting off are: First of all, a radio and weather chart paper for knowing the weather are absolutely indispensable. The radio should be small, light-weight, and capable of listening to shortwave broadcasts. Only in this way can you listen to the weather report in the early morning. At the same time, don’t forget to bring spare dry batteries.

In addition, it goes without saying that you should prepare sufficient equipment and food, rain gear, windproof jackets, sweaters, gloves, etc. in case of severe weather conditions. In order to prevent spare shirts, pants, etc. from getting wet, They should also be put into plastic bags and taken away. If you have some spare time, you might as well bring a tent with you, which will come in handy in an emergency.

What should be done first when encountering severe weather?

When encountering severe weather, countermeasures must be taken as soon as possible. Since the weather in the wild is unpredictable, in order to protect your soaked body from strong winds If there is a blow, etc., you should take preventive measures such as putting on a raincoat before the weather worsens. If the weather is forecast to be very bad, you might as well put on your underwear first.

The clothes to be replaced must be stored properly and checked again to avoid getting wet. Otherwise, it may be too late to make preparations once the weather worsens.

Because once the whole body is soaked, not only physical exertion is inevitable, which increases the difficulty of changing clothes, but also changing clothes in the wind and heavy snow is so difficult that it is almost impossible. Possible things.

Regarding the actions of the entire team, the scheduled itinerary should be confirmed first. Check whether there are any changes to the route, the resting place at the next stop, the location of the camping area, etc. In addition, the status of each team member, whether there are any laggards, whether the baggage distribution can remain the same without adjustment, etc. should also be reviewed.

And most importantly, everyone takes unified action. In bad weather, teams can easily become separated and become difficult to direct; therefore, sometimes very dangerous situations can result. How to replenish water scientifically during outdoor sports How to replenish water scientifically during outdoor sports

Water is a necessity for human metabolism, regulating body temperature and transporting nutrients to the whole body. When the water loss accounts for more than 2%, the body temperature will change, greater than 3 %, muscle endurance decreases: when it is greater than 4% to 5%, strength and endurance decrease at the same time; when it is greater than 6%, cramps, stroke, coma, and even death will occur because the body cannot dissipate heat.

Scientific hydration is beneficial to the stability of the internal environment and promotes metabolism; at the same time, it will also enable us to maintain good exercise ability and avoid sports injuries and accidents.

Appropriate time

For water intake, we must not wait until we are thirsty before drinking. It is already too late. The human body only becomes thirsty when it loses 1% of its water content. It takes about sixty minutes for water to enter the bloodstream through absorption in the small intestine and be transported to various tissues throughout the body. If you wait until you are thirsty to rehydrate, you are already slightly dehydrated. Therefore, we must follow the principles of "timely" and "small quantity and multiple times".

When we sweat a lot, we need to drink more water, but we cannot drink enough at one time, we have to drink it in portions. Under normal circumstances, during moderate-intensity outdoor exercise, you should drink 150 ml to 200 ml of liquid for 15 to 20 minutes. Drink water slowly and not too vigorously.

Appropriate water

The so-called “appropriate” water is water that can pass through the stomach quickly and be easily absorbed by the large intestine. The suitable water temperature is 9℃~16℃. Because normal human body temperature is around 37°C, it can rise to over 39°C after outdoor exercise in summer. Therefore, if you drink too cold water, it will strongly stimulate the gastrointestinal tract, cause gastrointestinal smooth muscle spasm, sudden contraction of blood vessels, cause gastrointestinal dysfunction, and lead to indigestion.

It is better and more economical to use boiled water for hydration, because some oxygen will evaporate during the boiling process. The molecular structure of boiled water is very close to the structure of human cells and can be quickly absorbed by the body. At the same time, mineral water and purified water can also be used. Great choice, but it's best not to drink distilled water.

Sports drinks can speed up the emptying of liquid drinks from the stomach and absorption by the small intestine. You can choose non-carbonated, slightly sweet, refreshing taste, no aftertaste after drinking, and carbohydrate-containing drinks. 6% to 7% of sports drinks, while fruit juices, fruit drinks and some soft drinks are not suitable for drinking.

Appropriate amount

The amount of fluid intake should be equivalent to the amount of sweating. This is the most ideal for maintaining the regulatory functions of cardiovascular and body temperature.

After people sweat a lot, they not only lose water, but also a lot of salt (sodium). If you drink a lot of water suddenly in a short period of time without replenishing the salt (sodium), the water will penetrate into the body. In the cells, the cells swell, resulting in dehydration and hyponatremia (commonly known as "water intoxication"). Symptoms such as headache, vomiting, fatigue, lethargy, slowed breathing and heart rate, and even coma and convulsions may occur. Therefore, if you carry no less than three liters of water, pure water will account for about 2/3 of the total water, and the remaining 1/3 will be sports drinks containing electrolytes or 1% sugar salt water.