Wheat growing process

1. Characteristics of wheat fertilizer requirements Nitrogen is a component of cell protoplasm, chlorophyll, etc. Sufficient nitrogen can promote the growth of roots, stems, and leaves, and increase leaf area and accumulation of organic matter. Applying nitrogen during the differentiation of young panicles and stamens can reduce sterile florets and increase the number of grains. Phosphorus is an important component of the cell nucleus and participates in the cell's synthetic reactions and the normal metabolism of sugar and nitrogen. Wheat is sensitive to phosphorus. Phosphorus deficiency will inhibit root development, reduce tillers, dark green and purple leaves, delay maturity, and finally reduce grain weight and poor quality. Potassium can increase photosynthetic efficiency, promote the absorption of nitrogen and phosphorus, increase the content of cellulose and lignin in the body, and make the stems tough and resistant to lodging. Ensuring the supply of potassium fertilizer can also increase leaf water potential and leaf water-holding capacity, significantly enhancing drought resistance. 2. Cultivation technology 1. Selection of excellent varieties

This year’s improved seed subsidy project has promoted three winter wheat varieties with high quality, high yield and strong stress resistance: Jimai 22, Tainong 18, Liaomai 18. The public can Use selectively. 2. Apply enough base fertilizer

The principle is to stabilize nitrogen, increase phosphorus, supplement potassium and micro-fertilizer on the basis of increasing organic fertilizer. Generally, 1,000-2,000 kilograms of organic fertilizer per mu, about 40 kilograms of formula fertilizer, and 1 kilogram of zinc sulfate are applied evenly before soil preparation, and are plowed deeply into the soil in time. 3. Fine soil preparation

The quality of soil preparation is directly related to the quality of sowing. Plots that are often sown with rotary tillage or no-till machines must be deeply plowed (about 25 cm) every 3 years or more; the straw that is returned directly to the field must be finely chopped, and the broken straw that is too long must be removed. 1 mu of straw must be returned to the field with 2 acres. When preparing the land, the land should be raked and thoroughly raked so that the depth of the cultivated layer is consistent and the topsoil is finely broken to meet the standards of empty top and solid bottom, no bright and dark bumps, and flat ground with no roots or stubble. 4. Seed treatment

Undressed seeds need to be treated to prevent pests and diseases. You can choose a higher quality seed coating agent or use a single dose of seed dressing. To prevent and control diseases, you can use uniconazole or Dofur. Seed dressing with ketone or carbendazim is based on 0.2% of the seed amount; to control underground pests, 3911 or phoxim can be used for seed dressing at 1.5% of the seed amount. 5. Suitable sowing period

The suitable sowing period is October 5-13, with a sowing depth of 4-5 cm. In late-sowing plots, the sowing rate should be increased appropriately. The average row spacing of wheat is 22.5 cm. After sowing, use stone rollers to compact the soil to preserve moisture to facilitate wheat emergence. In the plot where straw was returned to the field, the seeding rate was increased by 1.5 kg. 6. Water and fertilizer before winter and spring

Water and fertilizer before winter are important measures to ensure that wheat can survive the winter smoothly and prevent freezing and drought in early spring. When the relative moisture content of the soil is greater than 65% before winter, there is no need to pour antifreeze water. When it is less than 65%, freeze-proof water must be poured. After pouring, the soil should be hoed and loosened in time to prevent ground cracks, ventilation damage to roots, and dead seedlings. For top dressing after winter, plots with poor soil fertility should be fertilized twice. The first time is during the wheat turning period. You can choose a formula fertilizer with a total content of ≥40% (35-0-5) or top-dress urea, 20-25 per mu. kg; for the second booting fertilizer application during booting, 7-8 kg of urea can be applied; in medium- and high-yielding fields, the top dressing time should be moved to the jointing stage for one application, and the total content of ≥40% (35-0-5) can be selected Formula fertilizer or urea, 20-25 kg per mu. Pour rising water, jointing water and grouting water in time. 7. Chemical weeding and chemical control of wheat fields

Before jointing, wheat has the strongest drug resistance. You can use anti-pathogen sprays such as wheat grass net for chemical weeding; to prevent wheat from growing too long and lodging in the later stage, paclobutrazol, etc. can be used Chemical control agents are used for chemical control. Note that the above chemicals should be disabled when the temperature is too low to avoid affecting the effect. They should be stopped after the jointing stage to avoid phytotoxicity and affect the wheat fruiting. 8. Top dressing outside the roots

The root absorption capacity of wheat is getting worse in the later stage. Foliar fertilization can be carried out in time during the flowering period to promote plant robustness, enhance the light absorption ability of the leaves, and improve the wheat's disease resistance and drought resistance. For hot air capabilities, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and zinc sulfate can be used for foliar spraying, and sprayed again every 7 days.