What are the main causes of tracheal stenosis?

The occurrence of cervical tracheal stenosis is often related to the following reasons:

(1) Sequela caused by traumatic tracheal trauma is a common cause of tracheobronchial stenosis. Most of them occurred after tracheotomy and 1 intubation. After tracheotomy, due to the compression of the cannula, the cartilage ring can be infected and eroded, and after repair, a limp mark is formed and the lumen is narrow. During tracheotomy, if too much cartilage is removed and granulation grows, it is also the inducement of tracheal stenosis. Mechanical assisted breathing through endotracheal tube, if endotracheal tube is intubated for a long time, or the intubated balloon is inflated excessively, and the airway is compressed and necrotic, it may also be complicated with airway stenosis. Other traumatic factors such as neck planing, cutting, stabbing, bullet wound, inhalation of corrosive chemical gas, radiotherapy, etc.

What is the cause of tracheobronchial stenosis?

(2) Infectious diseases such as diphtheria and tuberculosis in trachea, if seriously infected, can cause ulcers and granulomatous lesions, and scar formation after healing leads to stenosis.

(3) Congenital rarity. It can be manifested as developmental deformity of tracheal ring such as diaphragm and complete tracheal ring in tracheal cavity.

For more details, please consult Zhao Fengrui, an expert on tracheal stenosis in Beijing Gong Jian Hospital.