Frequent urination, sometimes more urine, sometimes less urine, cough, thirst.

Frequent urination refers to an increase in the number of urination. Normal adults urinate 4 ~ 6 times a day on average, and urinate 0 ~ 2 times after sleeping at night; The baby urinates 20 ~ 30 times day and night. If the frequency of urination increases significantly and exceeds the above range, it is frequency of urination. There are many reasons for frequent urination, which can be summarized as follows: (1) Increased urine volume: When the urine volume increases, the frequency of urination will also increase accordingly. Under physiological conditions, such as drinking a lot of water, eating watermelon, drinking beer, etc., due to the increase of drinking water, the urine volume increases through the regulation and filtration of the kidney, and the number of urination increases, so frequent urination occurs. Under pathological conditions, such as diabetes and diabetes insipidus, some patients drink more water, urinate more and urinate more times. But there is no discomfort when urinating. (2) Inflammation stimulation: When the bladder is inflamed, the threshold of nerve sensation is lowered, and the urinary center is in an excited state, which leads to frequent urination and reduced urine volume (adult < 300 ~ 500ml/ time). Therefore, frequent urination is an important symptom of cystitis, especially acute cystitis and tuberculous cystitis. Others, such as prostatitis, urethritis, pyelonephritis, chronic gonadal dermatitis in children, vulvitis, etc. , you can urinate frequently. Under the stimulation of inflammation, frequent micturition, urgency and pain often occur at the same time, which is called urinary tract irritation sign, commonly known as "three urine signs". (3) Non-inflammatory stimuli: such as urinary calculi and foreign bodies, usually with frequent urination as the main performance. (4) Decreased bladder capacity: such as bladder occupying lesions, increased uterine compression during pregnancy, tuberculous bladder contracture or large bladder stones. (5) Psychoneurotic frequent micturition: Frequent micturition is only found during the day, or before going to bed at night, and is often caused by mental stress or hysteria. At this time, it can also be accompanied by urgency and pain. 2. Urgency refers to the urgency of urination, which can't wait and is not easy to control. When urination comes, you need to urinate as soon as possible, and you can't be slack. Urgency is more common in cystitis, urethritis, prostatitis and prostatic hyperplasia. Can also be seen in bladder stones, bladder cancer or other foreign body stimulation. In addition, those who only have urgency and no pain are mostly mental factors, and urinary incontinence occurs every time because they can't wait. Urgency is often accompanied by frequent urination, but frequent urination is not necessarily accompanied by urgency. 3. Urodynia refers to the pain of urethra, bladder and perineum when urinating. The degree of pain varies from light to heavy, often with burning sensation and sharp pain like a knife. Urodynia is common in urethritis, prostatitis, prostatic hyperplasia, seminal vesiculitis, cystitis, urinary calculi, bladder tuberculosis and pyelonephritis. According to the characteristics of dysuria, it is helpful to diagnose the disease. (1) Patients who have obvious dysuria in the early stage of micturition, or who have dysuria, mostly have lesions in urethra, which are common in acute urethritis. (2) The patient has pain at the end of micturition, accompanied by urgency, and the lesions are mostly in the bladder, which is common in acute cystitis. (3) The pain at the end of micturition is obvious. Those who still feel pain after micturition, or those who feel "empty pain" or feel pain without micturition, the lesions are mostly in the urethra or adjacent organs, such as vesical trigonitis and prostatitis. (4) Sudden interruption of urination accompanied by pain or urinary retention: seen in bladder, urinary calculi or urinary tract foreign bodies. (5) Dysuria with swelling pain: Older men often suggest that prostate hyperplasia can also be seen in urethral stones. (6) Stinging or burning pain in urine: it is more common in acute inflammatory stimuli, such as acute urethritis, cystitis, prostatitis and pyelonephritis. Excerpt from: Rest assured 120 Normal adults urinate 4-6 times during the day, 3-5 times for women, and 0-2 times after sleeping at night. If the frequency of urination increases significantly and exceeds the above range, it is frequency of urination. Frequent urination can be divided into physiological and pathological. Due to excessive drinking water, mental stress or cold weather, people have physiological frequent urination; Pathological frequent micturition is caused by diseases of urogenital system or other systems (such as diabetes insipidus and diabetes). Key points of differential diagnosis of frequent micturition: The accompanying symptoms may be diagnosed as frequent micturition and increased urine output, taking diuretics or antihypertensive drugs containing diuretics, or drinking coffee, strong tea or a large number of beer drugs, caffeine, theophylline and other diuretics, frequent micturition and excessive urine output, accompanied by excessive drinking and eating, fatigue and emaciation for no reason, frequent micturition accompanied by urgency and pain, and the feeling of incomplete micturition after micturition. Cystitis or prostatitis is common, and other urinary tract diseases include frequent micturition with urgency, dysuria, hematuria (or pyuria), urinary tract infection (or purulent infection), renal tuberculosis, bladder tumor, bladder stones and so on. Urinating 3-4 times more than usual. If there is no physiological reason, bladder disease should be suspected.