20 17 investigation report of Beijing supervision industry

On June 28th and 29th, the leading group of Beijing Supervision Association was divided into three groups, and in the fourth, fifth and thirteenth collaboration groups, the "Industry Investigation Work" of 2065438+2007 was carried out. A total of 53 people from 39 supervision companies including Cyrus, Fan Hua and Hida attended the research meeting. All units attach great importance to this survey, and most of them are attended by competent leaders and have written materials. At the meeting, everyone spoke enthusiastically and expressed their opinions, which reflected the problems and difficulties faced by supervision units at present, and put forward pertinent opinions and suggestions on the work of associations and government management departments, and made suggestions for the development of supervision industry in the capital.

First, the management status of the supervision unit and the difficulties and problems it faces.

At present, the operating conditions of the supervision units participating in the survey are basically stable. Due to the liberalization of market and supervision fees, the turnover in Beijing market has been reduced to varying degrees, and some units have begun to seek opportunities from other markets or expand technical consulting and project management business. At present, the difficulties faced by supervision units mainly include:

1, vicious competition. The liberalization of supervision fee standard (No.670 document) has led to a series of problems such as disorderly price competition and "winning the bid at a low price" to a certain extent, which is also a problem faced by the supervision industry at present. The competition of supervision fees makes it difficult for many excellent supervision units to win the bid, which leads to the emergence of "yin-yang contract" The bidding method of winning the bid at a low price leads to malicious competition in the supervision market, and the project quality and service quality cannot guarantee high standards. In particular, the malicious low-price competition of real estate developers' projects, supervision units or individuals leads to the narrowing of the profit space of supervision units.

2. Brain drain. It takes a long time to train talents in supervision units, and it is difficult to retain talents, which leads young supervisors to jump out of the supervision industry and seek another development soon after joining the company. The compression of profit space also leads to the salary level of supervisors being lower than other construction industries. The low income and heavy responsibilities of supervisors further promote the serious brain drain of supervisors, which is one of the factors that cause the low quality of supervisors. Due to the lack of a stable talent pool, technical talents in the supervision industry are not available, and the technical level of supervision work is difficult to improve.

3. Bidding. At present, the requirements of bidding for supervision units are too harsh, which is not conducive to the training of talents in supervision units and the sustainable development of the industry. Young registrants can't participate in bidding without performance, and older registrants face retirement problems. Coupled with the flow of personnel, the performance gap between supervision units and registered personnel is very serious. The proportion of registered supervision engineers required in the tender documents is too high, which is not in line with the actual situation. For small-scale projects (such as supervision fees below 300,000 yuan), the bidding is not graded, and the bidding cost is high.

Electronic bidding reduces transaction costs, improves the quality and efficiency of bidding supervision services, and effectively curbs illegal activities such as fraud. However, because electronic bidding has just been implemented, there are some problems in the bidding process, such as the humanization of system information update is not realized, the construction unit does not unlock it after the project is completed, and the directors of the supervision unit will be locked together, and the supervision unit cannot unlock it alone, which leads to the inability to bid for new projects.

5. Foreign projects. Supervision units in Beijing have higher requirements for filing procedures when undertaking foreign projects, and most provinces and cities have not yet realized mutual recognition of supervision documents. Supervisors need to obtain local training certificates, which leads to high signing cost. The supervision fee of most foreign projects is lower than that of Beijing, and local protectionism is serious, so it is difficult to expand foreign markets.

6. The behavior of the owner. The construction unit lacks a correct understanding of the responsibilities of supervision and does not attach importance to supervision work. Some construction units bypass the supervision and directly sign the project payment with the contractor. The behavior of some construction units is not standardized, and the requirements of government departments for construction units are not clear. Some construction units even exercise the right of project management without the ability of project management, which is manifested in excessive intervention in supervision work, default and deduction of supervision fees, and supervision can not get paid in time or get delayed service fees due to the delay of construction period. Small and medium-sized supervision units in Beijing, in particular, are under great pressure to survive. Real estate units adopt low-cost bidding for supervision, which requires strict service quality, but the supervision fee is not paid in time, resulting in some supervision units making ends meet.

7. Technology popularization. The standardization construction of supervision work lags behind the market demand, and the application of new technologies such as BIM, green building and assembly has begun to spread in the construction industry. Supervision should keep pace with the times on new technologies and new concepts. It is imperative to popularize the application of new technology in supervision industry and intensify innovation.

8. Safety responsibility. Some supervision units put forward that the current safety responsibility is too large, and the safety construction is the responsibility of the construction unit itself, and the safety construction supervision is the responsibility of the competent government department. The government department transferred this responsibility to the supervision unit, which caused the unequal rights and responsibilities of the supervision unit.

Supervision units are often in a weak position in the main body of the project, and the rights stipulated in the supervision contract and laws and regulations cannot be guaranteed. The reality of the supervision industry is that the responsibilities are enlarged and the rights are limited, which leads to the serious inequality of responsibilities and rights of supervision units. Government departments constantly add new responsibilities and responsibilities to supervision, but do not match the corresponding rights, which increases the workload and difficulty of supervision.

9. Project. In recent years, the national macro-control policies have been continuously introduced, and there are fewer and fewer new projects in Beijing, and the follow-up projects of supervision units are scarce, making it difficult for supervision units to survive and develop. Some project contracts were signed earlier than the entry time of supervisors, and project supervisors did not participate in the formulation of terms, so supervisors could not play the role of coordinated management in the event of disputes.

10, credit system. At present, the number of supervision units is increasing, and some supervision units are mere formality, which is not conducive to the development of supervision industry. The standard system of homogeneous service in supervision industry is not perfect, and the lack of corresponding elimination system is one of the incentives for low-level competition.

1 1, the regulatory prospect is worrying. Some supervision units believe that at present, the government is constantly strengthening supervision, requiring supervision units to standardize and standardize operations, and the operating costs of enterprises are increasing year by year, while the supervision fees are decreasing day by day. The macro-control of the construction market and the prospect of reducing projects have attracted unprecedented attention.

II. Opinions and suggestions on stabilizing regulatory fees

All the supervision units involved in the survey said that there should be a reasonable charging standard or reference price to reduce the malicious competition of prices. Reasonable charging standard or method is the premise of providing high-quality service, which is beneficial to the supervision unit to reserve technical strength and cultivate talents. At the same time, it is also the key to break the vicious circle of "low supervision fees-low wages in supervision industry-brain drain in supervision units, low quality of supervision personnel-low supervision service level-relevant units do not attach importance to supervision-society does not understand supervision". Suggestions for charging standards are:

1. Establish a price convention. At present, the supervision fee standard is liberalized, and supervision units should strengthen industry self-discipline. It is suggested that a price convention can be stipulated in a certain region to ensure that the competition is not lower than the regional average cost price, and the association will publish the average cost price index for the supervision unit to refer to when bidding, so as to control the phenomenon of winning the bid at a low price and competing to lower the price.

2. Set the lower charging limit. The bidding control price usually has an upper limit, but no lower limit. It is suggested to set the lower limit of bidding control price to prevent price reduction competition.

3. Guide the price. The supervision company undertakes certain social responsibilities, which is an important guarantee for the quality and safety of construction projects. The supervision responsibility is great, and it works closely with relevant government regulatory authorities. Therefore, the right of supervision should be guaranteed to ensure the balance of rights, obligations and responsibilities. Relevant government departments should strengthen communication with the industry, discuss and formulate new guidance prices of supervision fees, meet market demand, reduce unreasonable competition, standardize and stabilize the standards of supervision fees, which is inseparable from jurisprudence.

4. Build a platform. Establish a credit platform, the integrity of supervision units is linked to the annual evaluation of the industry, and units that bid maliciously are blacklisted.

Three. Opinions and suggestions on the work of the association

The supervision units that participated in the survey expressed their recognition and gratitude for the work of the Municipal Supervision Association, especially the association has done a lot of work in formulating norms and standards and organizing various trainings. Some suggestions on the work of the association;

1, implement the supervision and management role. As a bridge between the supervision unit and the government department, the Association should strengthen communication with the government department, further let the government department know the current situation and problems of the supervision industry, implement and improve the position of the supervision unit in the construction process, so as to truly play its supervisory role and improve the status and social awareness of the supervision industry.

2. Supervise and guide industry self-discipline. The association should establish a practical industry credit system, formulate measures for the construction and evaluation of industry credit, improve the credit collection, evaluation, publicity, reward and punishment mechanism of supervision industry, reward supervision units with good service quality and good reputation, and criticize and punish supervision units with malicious competition. The construction of trade integrity is a systematic project, involving legal, moral, economic and other issues at different levels. It is a necessary condition for establishing a modern market system and a fundamental solution for standardizing the market and economic order.

3, supervision personnel team construction. The association should organize all kinds of technical training in a targeted manner, implement new laws, regulations and standards in a timely manner, and improve the overall quality of supervisors in the capital. Further strive for and clarify the post certificates of professional supervision engineers and safety officers, improve the certificate-holding rate of supervision practitioners in the capital, and strengthen the construction of personnel in the supervision industry.

4. Expand foreign markets. The association should strengthen communication with other provincial and municipal regulatory associations, strengthen the relay with the competent departments of other cities, increase coordination, and solve the problem of large differences in management. Promote mutual recognition of the training results of the Municipal Supervision Association, and reduce the resistance and cost of Beijing supervision units entering the foreign market.

5, the pilot supervision personnel * * *. The demand of supervision units for talents fluctuates with the business volume. According to the demand of supervision units, the association should try to adjust the supervision talents in a certain area and establish a regional talent supply and demand information platform. According to the needs of the project, the supervision unit signs labor contracts with professional supervisors to ensure the relative stability of the supervision talent team and the continuous improvement of the professional level, so as to enjoy the supervision talent resources.

6. Strengthen internal management. As a manager of the supervision industry, we should not only manage the employees well, but also pay attention to maintaining the order of the industry, improving its status and increasing its role. The association should transform into a platform-based organization, deepen the construction of the integrity system of the supervision industry, and rely on the advantages of platform resource integration and industry influence to become the helm and strong backing of supervisors in different occasions, different social levels and different construction environments.

7. Implement standardized management. In recent years, the association has done a lot of work in promoting industry standardization and standardizing supervision practice. The association should continue to intensify the research on the subject, publish relevant results, and urge the supervision units to implement standardized management. Standardization construction has played a strong supporting role in the development of supervision units.

8. Develop towards the whole process management. At present, the government calls on construction supervision units to develop in the direction of whole process management. The association should organize training in this field, provide training and guidance for the whole process of consultation and project management, organize units to exchange experiences, introduce new management methods and practices to adapt to the management means under the new situation, and introduce the handling methods of major project cases and effective solutions to problems, so as to promote exchanges between units.

9. Strengthen exchange activities. If conditions permit, the association should organize high-level intra-industry exchange activities. In order to improve the effect, one or several problems can be discussed in depth to promote the steady improvement of the management level of supervision units.

Four. Opinions and views on government management departments

The supervision units participating in the survey hope to put forward the following suggestions to the government management department through the association:

1, improve the supervision system. Government management departments should be more in line with the characteristics of the supervision industry in terms of decentralization, and hope that relevant departments and associations can strengthen communication and understand the industry trends and needs. Government management departments should improve, modify and adjust the laws, regulations and clauses that are inconsistent with the development status of the supervision industry, redesign the top-level supervision, establish a perfect supervision professional liability insurance system, and let supervisors see the vision of the industry. With the implementation of "One Belt, One Road" and other strategies, the government should give certain policy guidance and support to help supervision units go out.

2. Unify industry management standards. The law enforcement basis of quality supervision and inspection departments of construction projects in various districts and counties in Beijing is different. It is suggested that the administrative departments in charge of construction in all districts and counties should unify the caliber and standards of law enforcement, and relevant law enforcement personnel should strengthen professional study, be familiar with the contractual relationship and responsibilities of all parties, and be familiar with the basis and standards of law enforcement. The construction administrative departments of all districts and counties should correctly understand the positioning and role of supervision, increase policy and work support, respect on-site supervision personnel, and strengthen and guide the control and governance of the source of "safety and quality" (construction units and construction units) in the construction process. For the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, it is suggested to strengthen the coordination between local housing and urban-rural construction departments, unify the management standards within the industry, and reduce regional barriers.

3. Encourage excellent supervision units. Government departments should affirm the outstanding organizations selected by the industry, such as whether to include the outstanding supervision units selected by the association in the bidding and bid evaluation criteria, so that the outstanding supervision units can participate more in the project services.

4. Bidding management. It is hoped that the government bidding authorities will strengthen research, re-compile a unified supervision bidding model, and standardize the terms of qualification application documents and bidding documents, which is in line with the characteristics of the supervision industry. Strengthen the management of bidders and bidding agencies, and reduce unreasonable charges. The internal bidding system of ministries and commissions and the military system is independent of Beijing. Can it be integrated or standardized Can small projects refer to the central government's policy of inviting tenders or designating the winning bidder below 500 thousand yuan?

5. Supervision and management mode. In the process of supervision, government departments should separate the responsibilities of construction and supervision, and should not blindly increase the punishment for supervision units, nor blindly emphasize the responsibility of supervision because supervision is a vulnerable group. Government departments can make necessary corrections to the supervised units through discussion with the supervised units. At the same time, the behavior of the construction unit should be strengthened and standardized to facilitate the supervision unit to carry out its work.

6. Attracting talents requires policy support. How to increase the attractiveness of the supervision industry and attract more supervision talents to stay in the supervision industry also needs policy support. At present, there are obvious faults in registered supervision engineers aged 40-55, which also need to be solved from the institutional level.

7. Redistribution of supervisory responsibilities. It is hoped that the government will reposition the supervisor and change the current situation that the supervisor becomes a builder and safety officer on the site. The supervisor should be a manager rather than an operator. It is suggested that government management departments should consider the development of supervision industry from the top design of the system, so as to provide basis for the healthy development of supervision industry.

The nature of supervision work belongs to engineering consultation, which is a high-level and intelligence-intensive service. However, due to the habit formed under China's long-term planned economy system, government departments and owners at all levels have different understandings of supervision, and some even regard supervision as a "supervisor" on the construction site, which greatly limits the scope of supervision business. At present, the supervision business is mostly limited to quality control in the construction stage, supplemented by investment and schedule control, as well as government-mandated safety control, which ignores and downplays the understanding of the characteristics and connotation of the supervision industry.

It is suggested that the nature and scope of responsibility of engineering supervision should be defined according to the Building Law and the Quality Management Regulations: specific and detailed standards for engineering supervision should be formulated, so that engineering supervision units and all sectors of society can know what the daily work of engineering supervision includes, to what extent, at what nodes and within what time limit, and provide real and effective basis for competent departments at all levels to strengthen engineering supervision and management; Clean up and abolish many unreasonable industry regulations, local regulations and normative documents that arbitrarily increase the responsibility of project supervision, and clean up the source for project supervision. Otherwise, it will be difficult to strengthen the supervision of project supervision.

8, clear supervision safety responsibility boundaries. The reasonable determination of the boundary of supervision safety responsibility also has great influence on the development of supervision industry. According to the Regulations on the Administration of Work Safety, production must be safe, and the producer is the first person responsible for safety. In a responsible attitude, whoever produces is responsible. Therefore, the safety responsibility of supervision units should be repositioned in the current safety management system. It is suggested that the supervisor should only make procedural supervision (control) on the construction (production) unit, and supervise and control the implementation of the safety guarantee system, system, measures, scheme and personnel of the construction (production) unit. It is suggested that the method (or system) of "taking responsibility for performing duties" should be implemented in safety supervision, so as to mobilize the enthusiasm of the supervision units and safety supervision engineers more effectively, which is also in line with the principles stipulated by laws and regulations.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) comments and suggestions on the development of supervision industry

1, expand the scope of supervision business. At present, the business scope of most supervision units is relatively narrow and their ability to resist market risks is weak. The supervision work is mainly limited to the management in the construction stage. It is the only way for supervision units to develop and expand the scope of supervision business, fully intervene in all stages of design, construction and comprehensive project management, and develop supervision business in the new stage.

In order to give full play to the supervision function, make the supervision work involve feasibility study, bidding, construction and other stages step by step, and comprehensively manage the supervision services at all stages in an all-round and whole process, we should pay attention to cultivating professional supervision teams, improve supervision efficiency and supervision engineers' ability to control the project. It is necessary to standardize the supervision market, prevent vicious competition, give supervision units a good development space and environment, promote supervision units to continuously improve their professional level and management ability, and push the overall level of supervision industry to a new level.

At this stage, due to the restrictions of relevant laws and regulations, it is difficult to implement the whole process supervision. However, during the implementation of specific projects, other processes or aspects can be gradually involved according to the requirements of the owner. While expanding the business scope, we should refine the division of functions of construction supervision, gradually carry out design supervision, bidding supervision, investment control and contract management supervision, clarify the powers and responsibilities of supervision, ensure the quality, progress and investment of the project, reduce the project cost and comprehensively supervise the business scope.

2, adjust the personnel structure, improve the ability of employees. Adjust the problem of unreasonable structure and poor quality of supervisors, and comprehensively improve the professional ability of supervisors. Cancel the qualification of the unit, strengthen the management of personal qualification, integrate the person with the certificate, allow the practice in the name of an individual, and encourage the enthusiasm of supervisors.

3. Optimize the mode of supervision and bid evaluation. Sorting out the source of supervision bidding, coordinating the supervision bidding management department, optimizing the supervision bid evaluation mode, reversing the bad orientation of supervision bidding's document "on heroes" and reducing social costs.

4. Strengthen supervision and management functions and assist government departments. Transfer the service function of supervision to market services such as whole-process project management, EPC general contracting and agent construction. In terms of policy, we should optimize the integration of project management and supervision in bidding and encourage government-invested projects to implement the integration model of project management and supervision. Explore the ways and means of transforming supervision enterprises into whole-process consulting services, seize the opportunity to extend to related service fields, enrich the connotation of supervision consulting, and create greater benefits for enterprises.

5. The supervision industry should return to the essence of engineering consulting service. Improve the entry threshold of supervision units, urge all supervision units to improve their work standards and processes, and standardize the management of supervision personnel and talents. No matter from the aspects of contract or law, we should emphasize the connotation of consulting services provided by supervision to owners, and the contents and forms of services can be diversified, instead of saying supervision is "three controls, three pipes and one coordination". Supervision services can be more or less, but these services should really meet the real needs of the owners.

6, supervision units should strengthen internal management, strengthen their own construction. Supervision units should strengthen internal management, implement risk control measures, strictly supervise projects, focus on promoting and implementing standardization construction, strengthen the construction of talent team, innovate engineering supervision management and technical research, standardize the implementation level of employees, improve supervision service level, improve supervision unit management level and improve supervision service quality. Only by learning from advanced countries can we really exert the power of supervision in engineering construction. It is necessary to publicize the supervision industry to the society, and publicize the advanced deeds of supervision units and supervisors through print media and stereoscopic media, so that the society can understand and recognize the contribution made by supervision to national construction.