The first translation of two poems (1) Teng Wangge+Lu Cheng, Jinling, visiting in early spring+joining the army+seeing friends off in spring night.

The Original Text and Translation of Preface to Wang Tengting

Preface to Wang Teng Pavilion

Bo Wang

Original text:

Zhang Yu old county, Hongdu new home. The stars are divided into wings, and the ground is connected with Lu Heng. Three rivers and five lakes in Jin, controlling barbarians and attracting Ouyue. Wuhua Tianbao, the dragon lamp shoots the bull fighting market; Outstanding people, Xu Ru got off Chen Fan's couch. Xing Chi Cai Jun Xiongzhou fog column. At the turn of summer, the host and guest are all in the southeast. The commander-in-chief Gong Yanyi is elegant, and the halberd is in the distance; Fan Yi of Yuwen Xinzhou is temporarily stationed. Ten-day holiday, friends like clouds, thousands of miles to meet, wedding. Teng Jiao, a poet of Meng; Purple electric paste is General Wang's armory. Home is slaughter, Tao is name; What does a boy know? Bows always win!

When Wei is in September, the sequence belongs to Sanqiu. The water is cold and the pool is clear, and the smoke is purple. Yan Yan likes to walk on the road and watch the scenery to worship Afghanistan. Close to Emperor Cheung Chau, you will see the old pavilion where heaven and man are integrated. Terraces are green and the sky is heavy; Feiting, Xiangdan, there is no land under the ground. He Ting Zhu Fu, into the badlands, Ghost Hall Blue Palace, Lieshan.

Embroidered and carved, Yamahara is full of vision, and Kawasawa is bold and unrestrained. Yan Lu, the hometown of Zhong Mingding's delicious food; Ge boat maze, green finch Huanglong axis. Clouds selling rain Ji, colorful. Sunset and lonely Qi Fei, autumn waters * * * the sky. Fishing boats sing late, the coastal sound is poor, the array is cold, and the sound breaks Hengyang Pu.

The distance is smooth and it is easy to fly. Cool breeze blowing gently, singing white clouds. There are bamboos in Suiyuan, which makes Peng Ze angry. Shui Ye Zhu Hua, a pen shining in Linchuan. Four beautiful things, two are difficult to combine. Poor in the sky, leisure is very entertaining. The sky is vast and the universe is infinite; Joy begets sorrow and knowledge is empty. Looking at Chang 'an in the sun means that Wu Hui is in the clouds. The terrain is deep in the South Pole, high in Tianzhu and far from Beichen. It's difficult to climb mountains and mountains. Who feels sorry for the lost people? Meet by chance, full of foreign guests. When I miss the emperor, what year was I in the mysterious room?

Ha ha! Bad luck, bad luck. Feng Tang is easy to get old, but Li Guang is hard to seal. Qu Jiayi is in Changsha, not without a master; Is there no time to escape from Hongliang to Haiqu? Only when a gentleman looks at a few things can he know life. When you are old and strong, would you rather be moved? If you are poor, you will be strong. If you are greedy for springs, you will feel refreshed, and if you are dry, you will still be happy. Although Beihai is on credit, it can be accepted; The cold corner has gone, and the mulberry is not late. Meng's taste is noble and pure, and he has no distractions to serve the country; Ruan Ji is rampant, how can you cry at the end of the road?

Bob, who is three feet short, is a scholar. There is no way to ask for it, and the final army will be weak; There is a pen in the heart, and love has the wind of living in peace. Give up hair for a hundred years, and Wan Li will faint in the morning. It is not a treasure tree in Xie Jia, but a neighbor of Montessori. He became more and more imperial, and he accompanied Lu; Today, I hold my hand and hope to hold the Longmen. Yang Yi doesn't pick up, caresses Lingyun and cherishes himself; What's shameful about playing with running water at the clock meeting?

Oh! There are not many resorts, so it is difficult to have a grand feast again. Lanting is gone, Zize Xu Qiu. Farewell words, thanks to Wei Wei; Climbing high to make a contribution is to hope the public. Dare to enjoy, listen to short quotations, give a word, four rhymes. Please sprinkle Pan Jiang, and each side will pour their own water into the sea.

Translation:

This used to be Zhang Yu County, and now it is Hongzhou Governor's Office. The position in the sky belongs to the wing, which separates the two stars, and the position on the ground connects Hengshan and Lushan. Take Sanjiang as the skirt and Five Lakes as the belt, control Chu land and connect Fujian and Vietnam. The essence of things is the treasure of heaven, and the sword light shines directly on the interval between cattle and barrels. Ying Jie is among the people, and because the earth has aura, Fan Chen specially built several couches for Xu Ru. Magnificent Hongzhou City, houses are like fog, and talents are as active as stars. The city is located in the key place at the junction of Yi and Xia, and the host and guest have concentrated talents in the southeast. Commander-in-Chief Gong Yanxiang enjoys a high reputation. He came to Hongzhou from afar and worked as a shepherd in Yuwen House. He is a model of virtue and stopped here on his way to his post. On the day of the tenth holiday, outstanding friends and distinguished guests gathered here. Meng, the leader of the literary world, wrote articles with flying momentum, danced Cai Feng, and the sword shadow was in General Wang's armory, such as Zi Dian and Qing Shuang. Because my father is going to be a county magistrate, I passed this famous place on my way to visit relatives. Young and ignorant, I was lucky enough to attend this grand banquet in person.

It's September, and the autumn is crisp. The water is gone, the pool is clear, the sky is condensed with faint clouds, and the mountains are purple in the twilight. Driving a carriage on a high mountain road, visiting the scenery in the mountain. Come to the emperor Changzhou and find the palace where the immortals live. The mountains overlap here, and the green peaks soar into the sky. A pavilion in the air, a Hong Ting Road is like flying in the sky, and the ground can't be seen from the pavilion. The small continent where white cranes and wild ducks stop, with winding islands, elegant palaces and continuous mountains set each other off.

Open the door of the carved pavilion, overlooking the roof decorated with colorful ornaments, and have a panoramic view of the mountains and plains. The twists and turns of the lake and Sichuan are amazing. There are alleys and houses everywhere, and many rich people are eating and drinking. Ge boats are full of ferries, full of big boats carved with green finches and yellow dragons. After the rain in Chu Qing, the rainbow disappears, the sun is shining, the sunset flies with the lonely geese, and the autumn waters are sky-high. In the evening, the singing of fishing boats resounded through the lake of Peng Li, and the geese were chilly and singing, echoing at the water's edge of Hengyang.

Looking at the distance, my mind just felt comfortable, and my transcendental interest immediately rose. The flute attracted the gentle breeze, and the soft singing attracted the floating white clouds. Like Zhulinji in Suiyuan, people who are good at drinking here can drink more than Tao Yuanming, the magistrate of Pengze County, and praise lotus flowers like Shui Ye. The poet's literary talent here is better than that of Xie Lingyun in Linchuan People's History. These four beauties (music and diet, articles and words) are all ready, and these two rare conditions (showing beautiful scenery and tasting pleasure) are also done together. Look up at the sky as much as possible and have fun on holidays. The sky is vast, which makes people feel that the universe is boundless. Joy has passed, sadness has come, and I understand that the rise and fall of the nobility are doomed by fate. Looking at Chang 'an in the west and Wu Hui in the east, the land in the south is exhausted, the sea is unfathomable, the Beidou in the north is out of reach, and Tianzhu is out of reach. This mountain is difficult to cross. Who sympathizes with frustrated people? Meet by chance, all strangers in a foreign land. We missed the gate of the palace, but we were not summoned. When can we serve the king?

Well, everyone's timing is different, and the fate of life is often not smooth. Feng Tang is prone to aging, but Li Guang is rare. Jia Yi was wronged and demoted to Changsha, not because there was no monarch, but because Hongliang fled to Qilu seaside. Isn't this an era of political prosperity? Only because a gentleman is content with poverty can a knowledgeable person know his own destiny. Although you are old, you should be more ambitious. How to change your mood when you are old? Although the situation is difficult, we should be more ethical and never give up our lofty aspirations. Even if you drink the water from the greedy spring, your mood is still fresh and clean; Even if you are on a dry main road, your mind is still cheerful and happy. Although the North Sea is far away, it can still be reached by a whirlwind of horns. Although the morning has passed, it is not too late to cherish the night. Meng Changjun is noble, but he loves to serve his country in vain. Ruan Ji is a dissolute person. How can we learn from his poor crying!

I am humble, just a scholar. Although he is twenty-one years old like the final army, he has nowhere to volunteer to kill the enemy. I envy Zong Yi's heroism and ambition to join the army. Now I have abandoned my lifelong fame, and Wan Li is not far away to serve my father day and night. Although not Xie Jia's "baby tree", he can associate with virtuous people. Soon I will meet my father and listen to his teachings. Today, I am very happy to accompany all my elders and climb the Longmen happily. If you don't meet the person introduced by Yang Deyi, you will only shoot your own article and feel sorry for yourself. Now that you've met Zhong Ziqi, what's the shame of playing "Running Water"?

Oh! Places of interest can't last forever, and it's hard to meet again. Lanting Banquet is a thing of the past, and Zize in Shi Chong is in ruins. Thank you for the gift of this banquet. I made this preface when I left. As for the summit, I can only count on the gentlemen present. I just took the liberty of making a brief introduction with my humble mind. Everyone here writes poems according to their own rhymes. I wrote eight sentences with four rhymes. Please show your talents and write magnificent poems like Pan Yue and Lu Ji.

Looking forward to an early spring outing with Jinling Lucheng.

Du shenyan

Only those who are far away from home are particularly sensitive to the change of natural phenology.

The bright sun on the sea is about to rise, and Jiangnan in the south of the Yangtze River is reviving.

Warm spring urges warblers to sing, and duckweed in the clear sun is dark in color.

Suddenly an old song played, and I was homesick.

This is a peace poem. The original song was "Looking at Early Spring" written by Lu Cheng of Jinling. Jinling, now Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, belonged to Piling County on Jiangnan East Road in Tang Dynasty. The author's friend Lu Cheng, whose name is unknown, used to be the magistrate of Jinling County. Before and after the first year of Wu Zetian's Yongchang (689), Du worked in Jiangyin County, and Liu was a current friend of the same county and neighboring counties. It may be the right time for them to travel together and sing in unison. Lu's original singing is unknown. Du Fu's "Harmony Poetry" has the same theme as the original singer, expressing his feelings and thoughts on being an official in the south of the Yangtze River.

After the poet Tang Gaozong entered the Jinshi in the first year of Xianheng (670), he was frustrated in his official career and always worked as a junior official like Xian Cheng and County Commandant. By the first year of Yongchang, he had been an official for nearly 20 years, and his poems were very famous, but he was still far away from Luo Jing and had a very unhappy life in Jiangyin, a small county. In early spring in Jiangnan, it is a pleasure to watch the scenery with friends, but Rainbow can. He "believes in beauty but not us" and might as well go home. So this poem is written with different feelings, including surprises, unpleasantness, enjoyment, unhappiness, freshness, sadness, beauty, indifference, even sadness and grumbling.

At the beginning of the poem, I expressed that only vagrants who have left their homes for official careers will be surprised by the festive climate in a foreign land. The implication is that if you are in your hometown or local people, you will be familiar with it. In this kind of "unique" and "slightly surprised" emphasis tone, the poet's ambivalence of official traveling to the south of the Yangtze River is vividly manifested: this beginning is quite unique and has great personality characteristics.

The middle couplet says "meditation". On the surface, these two couplets describe the phenological changes in the south of the Yangtze River from the beginning of the new year to mid-spring and February, showing the beautiful spring scenery in the south of the Yangtze River. In fact, the poet wrote the novelty of a foreign land in the south of the Yangtze River by comparing the phenology of his hometown in the Central Plains. In the fresh scenery of mid-spring in the south of the Yangtze River, there are poets who are nostalgic for their hometown in late spring in the Central Plains, admiring every sentence and homesick everywhere.

The sentence "Xia Yun" was written at the beginning of the new year. In the ancient concept, the God of Spring is the East Emperor, whose orientation is in the east, sunrise is in the east and spring comes from the east. In the Central Plains, the phenology at the beginning of the Spring Festival is "the east wind thaws, the insects begin to vibrate, and the fish is frozen" (Book of Rites and Moon Order). The wind is warm and the water is still cold. In the coastal waters of Jiangnan water town, spring breeze and spring water are warm and turbid. Therefore, the poet highlighted the Spring Festival in the south of the Yangtze River as the sun rose from the East China Sea to the world, reflecting the morning clouds.

The sentence "Liu Mei" is about the flowers and trees in the first month of early spring. They are all plum blossoms, belonging to the first month of early spring. In the north, this is Xun Mei in the snow. Looking at the willow color in the distance, winter has not disappeared; Jiangnan is already a spring of plum blossoms and willow leaves, as described by the poet in Daan written in the first month of the same year: "Plum blossoms fall and willow leaves open, which is a good wind." So this sentence says that when Liu Mei crossed Jiang Lai, it was already a warm spring in bloom in the south of the Yangtze River.

Next, write spring birds. "Shu Qi" refers to the warm climate in spring. "Yellow bird" is oriole, also known as Cang Geng. Cang Geng Ming (Book of Rites, Moon Order) in February in mid-spring is popular in both north and south, and orioles in the south of the Yangtze River are more popular. Lu Ji, a poet in the Western Jin Dynasty, said, "Cao Hui lives in a tree and enjoys being a bird." "I see an oriole dart in the warm wind" is the application of Lu's poems, and the word "urge" highlights the characteristics of birds singing in February in Jiangnan.

Then, write water plants. "Clear light" means spring. "Green apple" is duckweed. In the Central Plains, Ji Chun was born in March (The Book of Rites and the Moon Order); In Jiangnan, Jiang Yan, a poet of Liang Dynasty, said: "In February and spring in Jiangnan, the east wind turned green." (Ode to a Beautiful Spring Tour) This sentence is "reflecting the sun with a green water plant", which is a word used in Jiang's poems, suggesting that the phenology of mid-spring in February in the south of the Yangtze River is exactly the same as that of late spring in March in the Central Plains, a whole month earlier.

In short, the new is strange because of the old, and the scenery is surprised because of the emotion. Surprised by homesickness and homesickness, I feel more novel in a foreign land. Jiangnan phenology in the eyes of these two couplets also contains nostalgia for the hometown of the Central Plains, which is consistent with the ambivalence of the first couplet and naturally turns to the last couplet.

"Ancient tune" is a title that respects the original song of Lu Chengyuan. The poet used "sudden news" to express the external tone, cleverly showing that Lu Cheng's poems inadvertently touched the poet's homesickness and made him cry. On the other hand, it is precisely because the poet is homesick that once it is triggered, he will burst into tears. This ending not only points out the idea, but also points out the harmony and meaning, and the structure is rigorous and meticulous.

When people appreciate this poem, they often prefer the first and last couplets and skip the middle couplets. In fact, its conception is complete and original. Although the ending is unique, if there is no unique scene description in the middle two couplets, the whole poem will not be so full, coherent, interesting and irrelevant. In this sense, the beauty of this poem lies in the couplets in the middle.

1. Joining the army: an old topic in Yuefu, which belongs to "Harmony Songs", is mostly about military wars.

2. Bee fire: the signal of ancient frontier defense alarm. From the border to the inland, beacon towers are erected along the way, and if there is enemy situation, they are lit on the stage to show warning. Gradually increase the number of torches according to the priorities of the enemy. According to Xijing: The beacon indicating the alarm has arrived in Xijing (Chang 'an), indicating that the enemy situation is serious.

3. Uneven: It is difficult to calm down.

4. Tooth piece: a symbol of changing soldiers. When the two pieces are combined, the imperial court and the viceroy each hold half, and there are teeth embedded in them, hence the name. This refers to the general who was ordered to go to war. Phoenix Que: There is a bronze phoenix in Zhang Jian Palace, which was built by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, so it is called Phoenix Que. Later, it was often referred to as the imperial palace.

5. Fighter: elite cavalry, referring to Tang Jun's left and right: left and right. Longcheng: the place where the Xiongnu Congress in Han Dynasty sacrificed to heaven, so it is located on the east side of Erhun River in Mongolia today. This refers to the enemy fortress in the general sense.

6. "Snow is black" sentence: The heavy snow filled the flag, making the pattern on the flag dim and pale. Fading: The original meaning is that plants wither and wither, which means that bright colors are lost.

7. Centurion: generally refers to subordinate military attache.

[Introduction]

During the period of Tang Gaozong's transfer of Lu and Yonglong (679-68 1), Tubo and Turkic invaded Gansu for many times, and Pei Xingjian, the minister of Tang Rites, was ordered to rise up and crusade. This probably means "a bonfire shines in Xijing". The whole poem describes the process and mood of scholars joining the army to fight in the frontier court, thus expressing the sense of mission and heroic feelings for making contributions to the country. The style of poetry is vigorous and generous. The poem is full of optimism and enterprising spirit, which can quite represent the spiritual outlook of the literati in the early Tang Dynasty. "Selected Poems of the Tang Dynasty" Jiang Zhengshu said: "Three or four sentences are solid but not clumsy, and five or six sentences are empty but not floating." "A Reader of Modern Poetry in Early Tang Dynasty": "Beautiful language, great voice and tolerance are the outstanding figures in the early Tang Dynasty. ..... As soon as the pen is put ashore, it is everyone. "

[Author]

Yang Jiong (650-693? ) Hongnong Huayin (now Huayin County, Shaanxi Province). Tang Gaozong and Wuhou were famous writers in the early Tang Dynasty, and they were also one of the "Four Masters". At the age of ten, I should be a child prodigy. I want to make a scripture hall. In the third year of Emperor Gaozong of Yuan Dynasty (676), it was necessary to supplement the minister of provincial studies. He used to be the county magistrate of Yingchuan (now near Quxian County, Zhejiang Province) and died in office at the age of only forty. The Collection of Yang Yingchuan used to have 30 volumes, but now it has 10 volume, and there are more than 30 poems, all in five words. Achievements are mainly in the five laws.