Watershed weather

The tropical desert climate is distributed from the mainland to the tropic of Capricorn on the west coast. Like all tropical deserts, the cause of formation is controlled by subtropical high all the year round, and the cold current along the coast of Western Australia can reduce humidity. Savanna is distributed in the periphery of tropical desert because it is controlled by equatorial low pressure zone in summer and subtropical high pressure in winter. Merida-Ling Basin is the main mixed agricultural area in Australia, and a decent city is Darwin in the northwest corner.

Tropical rain forest, the northeast section of the great watershed, is controlled by equatorial low pressure all the year round, with high temperature and rainy, warm and humid by the East Australian warm current, and the Great Barrier Reef on the coast.

The Mediterranean climate is distributed in the southwest corner and southeast corner, controlled by subtropical high in summer and westerlies in winter. The small distribution area is the reason for the lack of land.

The subtropical humid climate (which can also be simply considered as subtropical monsoon) is distributed in the Middle East, which is a great watershed.

Temperate maritime climate, distributed in the southeast section of the great watershed, extends to Tasmania, and is influenced by the warming and humidification of the westerly belt and the warm current in eastern Australia.

Generally speaking, the climate zone is semi-circular. The subtropical humid climate (Brisbane, Sydney, Canberra) and temperate maritime climate (Melbourne, Hobart) to the east of the Great Divide, as well as the Mediterranean climate in the southeast (Adelaide) and southwest (Perth) are more suitable, and are also areas where Australia's population and industry are concentrated.

The eastern coastal cities are located on the windward slope of the great watershed, with more precipitation and humid climate.

The great watershed in eastern Australia blocks the water vapor infiltration in the Pacific Ocean, so the climate in central Australia is affected by the ocean, which is greatly affected by being close to the ocean and less affected by living in the inland.

There is an Australian cold current flowing in the west, so the climate in the west is drier than that in the east, and the precipitation is less than that in the east.

Problems in Agricultural Production in Murray-Darling Basin, Australia

(1) Question: The shortage of irrigation water sources has become a restrictive condition for the development of agriculture and animal husbandry here.

(2) Reason: Basin A is located in the rain shadow area with little precipitation. The water quantity in Dalin basin varies greatly with the seasons. (The river swells in rainy season, and the big tributaries are often cut off in dry season. Although there is no cut-off in murray river, the river is very shallow in dry season, and some upstream areas will dry up in the driest year. C groundwater is rich but highly mineralized, which is not suitable for agricultural irrigation.

(3) Measures to solve it; East-to-west water diversion.