Common sense about Nanjing

Nanjing local knowledge 1. Historical knowledge of Nanjing from ancient times to the present.

In 2 1 1 year, the ancient capital of the Six Dynasties, Sun Quan moved from Jingkou to Moling and was renamed Jianye.

In 229, Sun Quan called Wu Dadi, which has been the capital of Jianye since Wuchang. In 280, the Western Jin Dynasty wiped out Wu, and the reconstruction industry was Jianye.

Later, in order to avoid the Jin emperor Sima Ye, it was renamed Jiankang. In 3 17, Si Marui acceded to the throne, which was the capital of Jiankang for the formal establishment of Emperor Wu of Jin Dynasty and Eastern Jin Dynasty.

In 420, Song Wudi proclaimed himself emperor and established Song Liguo and Jiankang. In 479, Xiao Daocheng proclaimed himself emperor on behalf of Song Dynasty, established Qi State, and built its capital and health.

In 502, Daiqi proclaimed himself emperor, and Liang and Jian Kang were the capital. In 557, Dai Liang, Jian Kang proclaimed himself emperor.

Wu, Eastern Jin, Song, Qi, Liang and Chen were also called the Six Dynasties, so Nanjing was called the ancient capital of the Six Dynasties. Today, Nanjing Library retains the ruins of Jiankang City in the Six Dynasties.

Jiankang City in the Six Dynasties was the largest city in the world at that time with a population of one million. Developed economy and prosperous culture have preserved the ancient Chinese culture in the south of the Yangtze River.

2. Interesting historical knowledge about Nanjing

During the Republic of China, Nanjing was referred to as Beijing for short, and the so-called beijing-shanghai railway refers to the section from Nanjing to Shanghai. Now it is not only the Shanghai-Nanjing Railway, but also Nanjing can only be ranked behind Shanghai. No wonder Nanjing people are unhappy about this.

During the Republic of China, Beijing was called Ping for short, because even the name of Beijing was changed to "Beiping". Pingjin Campaign, Pingsui Railway and Pinghan Railway are all Beijing.

Nanjing's abbreviation "Ning" comes from an ancient name "Jiangning" in Nanjing. Jiangning is now only the name of a suburb of Nanjing, and Ning is used to refer to the whole of Nanjing.

In 937 AD, Jinling House was jiangning house in the Southern Tang Dynasty. The Northern Song Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty were also jiangning house. Jiangning is also a county name, either in the urban area or in the suburbs. Both the Qing Dynasty and Shangyuan County are the capitals of Jiangsu Province. In the Republic of China, the government was abolished and Jiangning County was the capital. * * * * Nanjing is the capital and Jiangning is in the suburbs.

The history of appellation conversion between Nanjing and Beijing is really interesting.

At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang made Nanjing his capital, and the former dynasty was changed to Beiping, which meant that the north was pacified and reduced to the general state capital; During the Yongle period, Judy moved her capital to Beiping and changed it to Beijing, but the southern capital did not dare to abandon it easily, so she made two capitals, Shuntianfu in Beijing and Yingtianfu in Nanjing. This is the second time that the system of two capitals appeared in China after the East and West in the Tang Dynasty. However, these two cities are only equally important in theory, and people usually prefer to call Beijing the capital.

Beijing was the capital of the Qing Dynasty, and Nanjing was changed to Jiangning, meaning peace in the south of the Yangtze River. Although Jiangning is the residence of the Governor of Liangjiang River, its political status is far from that of Ming Dynasty. Beijing, as the only capital, even removed the word "North" and directly called the capital, the capital. (Shenyang is only the capital, so the Qing Dynasty is not a dual capital system) (In addition, treaty of nanking is actually the Jiangning Treaty, which was later changed to its current name)

Then the Republic of China. Dr. Sun Yat-sen took a special bus from Shanghai to Nanjing on New Year's Day 19 12. The temporary presidential palace is located in the Governor's Office of Liangjiang in Qing Dynasty, and the site still exists today. Later, after more than ten years of warlord rule, the Republic of China was founded again in Nanjing from 1927 to 1949. Beijing (the capital) was changed to Beiping.

Nanjing, the capital of the Republic of China, was ravaged and occupied by Japanese devils in a few years; Eight years later, "China, Czech Republic, Japanese, Nanjing, Chongqing and Chengdu"; Three years later, Nanjing was liberated, from the capital to the municipality directly under the central government, and then to the capital of Jiangsu Province.

During the Japanese invasion of China, Beiping was once designated as the future capital of zhina by the Japanese army, and this mission was completed by Grand GCD. From 65438 to 0949, Beiping was changed to Beijing, the capital of New China.

Thanks to the new China, Nanjing has not been changed to Jiangning, but still retains the word "Beijing". Although the status of Nanjing is not even as good as that of Jiangning in Qing Dynasty, the word "Beijing" in Beijing has completely covered the meaning of the word "North".

3. Basic knowledge of Nanjing tourism (English answer)

Recommend a three-day tour for you and decide for yourself:

Day 1: Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum, Ming Tombs, Purple Mountain Observatory, Nanjing Museum, Meiyuan New Village, Xu Yuan (Presidential Palace) and Hunan Road Night Market.

The next day: Taicheng, Xuanwu Lake, Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge, Yuejiang Building, Jinghai Temple and Tianfei Palace.

Day 3: China Brocade Village, Memorial Hall for Victims of the Nanjing Massacre by Japanese Invaders, Mochou Lake, Chaotian Palace, Yuhuatai, Zhonghuamen Castle and Confucius Temple.

Shopping in Xinjiekou, high-end Golden Eagle, Oriental Mall, Jinling Hotel, Deji Mall, Ocean Department Store, ordinary people go to Xinbaidian \ Central Mall. ..

List of "48 Scenes of New Jinling":

1, sun yat-sen mausoleum

2. Ming Tombs and Meihua Mountain.

3. Purple Mountain Observatory

4. Yuhuatai

5. Xuanwu Lake

6. Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge

7. Confucius Temple and Qinhuai Scenic Belt

8. Qixia Mountain

9. Yuejiang Building

10, Presidential Palace

Mochou Lake 1 1

China Gate Wengcheng 12

13, Memorial Hall for Victims of Nanjing Massacre by Japanese Invaders.

Linggu Temple 14

15, Jinghai Temple and Tianfei Palace

16, Pearl Spring

17, Stone Town and Liang Qingshan

Yunjin Museum 18

19, Yangshan monument

20, Ganjiaxiang Southern Dynasties stone carvings

2 1, Drum Tower and Public Pavilion

22. Taicheng, Jiuhua Mountain and Jiming Temple.

23. Yanziji

24. Tangshan Hot Spring

25. Tangshan Ape Cave

26. Rouge River and Tiansheng Bridge

27. Gucheng Lake and gaochun old street

28. Niushoushan

29. Zhongshan Botanical Garden

30. The Second Mausoleum of Southern Tang Dynasty

3 1, accounting for yuan

32. Site of the Ming Palace Museum

33. Chaotian Palace

34. Meiyuan New Village Memorial Hall

35. Former residence of Gan

36 years old, Jiang Xinzhou.

37. Fangshan Leaning Tower

38. Shek Gu Road Catholic Church

No.39, North Building of Nanjing University

Yihe rd no.40 Republic of China building community

4 1, former site of Longjiang Bao Shipyard

42. Laoshan National Forest Park

43. Guizishan Shizhu Forest

44. The tomb of King Boni

45. Jinling Jingke Office

46. Nanjing Museum

47. Jingjue Temple

48. Fujiabian Modern Agricultural Ecological Park

4. What are the special festivals in Nanjing?

Jinling Lantern Festival, also known as Qinhuai Lantern Festival or Confucius Temple Lantern Festival, is a traditional folk activity widely spread in Nanjing.

At present, Nanjing Confucius Temple holds a large lantern festival every year from the Spring Festival to the Lantern Festival, which is one of the most famous lantern festival activities in China. Turn on the lights on the eighth day and turn off the lights at 18: 00.

Lantern Festival is the most important part of Jinling Lantern Festival. Watching lanterns during the Spring Festival is one of the traditional customs in Nanjing. There is a saying in Nanjing: "If you don't go to the Confucius Temple to see lanterns during the New Year, there will be no New Year;" Going to the Confucius Temple without buying a lamp is equivalent to not having a good year. "

In the old days, it was a dietary custom of Nanjing people to pay attention to "putting lanterns on the Lantern Festival and putting lanterns on the surface". Time: Every year from Lunar New Year's Eve to the 18th day of the first month Location: Climb the head of the city around Confucius Temple. On this day every year, Nanjing people visit the city with their families or friends. As the saying goes, "stay away from all diseases" and "step on peace".

In the past, tourists mainly visited Sanshan, Shicheng, Jubao (China) and Tongji. Now only Jubaomen (Zhonghua Gate) can climb up.

In Nanjing in the first month, the weather returns to sunshine, so it is good for your health to go out for a walk, change the fresh air and refresh your mind. Time: January 16th Location: There is a folk song called "March 3rd, shepherd's purse flowers compete for peony, women have no money, and women wear grain in Man Cang."

On this day, people pick shepherd's purse flowers and boil eggs, which is said to cure headaches. Shangsi Festival began in the Six Dynasties and the Eastern Jin Dynasty. People hang shepherd's purse flowers on doors, stoves or beds, while women wear them on their heads to eliminate disasters.

Time: Nanjing International Plum Blossom Festival is one of the most lively festivals in Nanjing on the third day of the third lunar month. By then, thousands of plum blossoms will bloom on Meihua Mountain in the eastern suburbs, and thousands of Nanjing people or foreign tourists will flock to Meihua Mountain to enjoy flowers and scenery.

Wan Li is a sea of people and flowers, which is spectacular. During the plum blossom viewing period, many festivals were held, such as plum blossom painting and calligraphy exhibition, large-scale song and dance performance, lectures on plum blossom culture knowledge, "Join hands with Meihua Mountain" little angel garden activities, and "I choose plum blossom as the national flower" signature activities.

Time: from the end of February to the middle of March every year. Venue: Meihua Mountain China Gaochun International Slow City Golden Flower Tourism Festival. Go to Gaochun to see the most famous rape flower in Yaxi. Rape flowers, peach blossoms and pear blossoms in the countryside and fields are in harmony with Huizhou architectural villages with white walls and cornices, forming a beautiful humanistic picture. Time: late March-early May Location: Gaochun.

5. Please help me with the knowledge about Nanjing Confucius Temple.

Nanjing Confucius Temple was built in Song Dynasty, which is located beside Gong Yuan Street on the north bank of Qinhuai River. The Confucius Temple, with the Qinhuai River in front of the temple as the Chi Pan and the stone brick wall on the south bank as the zhaobi, is 1 10 meters long and is the highest zhaobi in China. Every year, from the first day to the eighteenth day of the first lunar month, the Confucius Temple Lantern Festival is held here, which is very lively.

1985, Nanjing * * * restored the ancient buildings of Confucius Temple and rebuilt the city appearance around Confucius Temple. Many shops, restaurants and snack bars were transformed into Ming and Qing styles, and Gong Yuan Street by the river was built into an ancient tourist and cultural commercial street. Confucius Temple not only restored its old appearance, but also presented a new look.

Nanjing Confucius Temple complex consists of Confucius Temple, Gong Xue and Jiangnan Palace Garden, which is the essence of Qinhuai scenery. Mingyuan Building is one of the buildings of Gongyuan, which is located in the middle of Gongyuan. It was originally used to monitor the behavior of the examinee and whether the employees in the hospital have facilities to transfer joints. "Mingyuan" means "pursue the distance with caution, and return to the original".

On the gate of Gong Yuan, there are three golden characters "Mingyuan Building" on the banner, and "Jinling Gong Yuan Monument" is embedded on the outer wall, which records the rise and fall history of Gong Yuan. Today, it is the most famous pedestrian business district in Nanjing, the gathering place of Nanjing snacks and the place with the most old Nanjing flavor.