What harm does high temperature weather do to corn and how to prevent losses?

Corn can be planted in a large area in China, and it will take a hot summer to get high yield, which shows that it can adapt to high temperature weather. Yes, corn is a temperature-sensitive crop that likes temperature. Different growth periods have different requirements for temperature. First, the requirements of temperature in each growth period of corn. After timely sowing of corn, the higher the temperature, the faster the emergence of seedlings and the shorter the digging days.

From emergence to jointing stage, the higher the temperature, the faster the seedling growth and jointing speed.

From jointing to tasseling, the higher the temperature, the faster the growth and the shorter the tasseling time.

Corn has entered the flowering stage, which is the most demanding and sensitive period in its life, and the most suitable temperature is 25-28℃. When the temperature is higher than 35℃, the soil moisture is low and the air is dry, which will affect pollination and fertilization.

The temperature required for maize to enter flowering stage is about 24℃. If it is lower than 16℃ or higher than 25℃, it will affect the filling, delay the maturity and reduce the yield.

As can be seen from the above introduction, the influence of high temperature on corn is mainly at flowering stage.

Second, the influence of high temperature in maize flowering period is like Weifang, Shandong. The flowering period of summer corn is in dog days, which is also the hottest time of the year. The temperature can sometimes be as high as 36-37℃, which is very unfavorable for corn. High temperature? In drought, pollen will lose vitality due to water loss, style will wither easily, life span will be shortened, pollination and fertilization will be difficult, resulting in baldness and seed shedding, which will lead to yield reduction.

However, summer is also a time of plenty of rain. If the soil moisture is sufficient, the air humidity will be high, but it will not affect corn pollination and fertilization. So we can get high yield of summer corn here, and this kind is hundreds of years old.

There is another one. However, in recent years, the climate has been unusually many, and sometimes it can't rain a few drops in a summer. For example, in 20 17, the rainwater here was more expensive than sesame oil, the groundwater almost dried up, and the groundwater level dropped, making it almost impossible to pump it up. The corn output that year was only a few hundred kilograms.

So how to deal with the impact of high temperature and drought on corn? Speaking of this topic, it is also a problem that many corn breeding experts hope to solve, that is, how to cultivate high-temperature resistant corn varieties. It is said that some corn varieties can resist the high temperature of 40℃, but I don't know which one yet. As corn producers, we can only take the following preventive measures.

Third, some measures to deal with high temperature and drought. First, variety selection and sowing date adjustment

The selection of maize varieties should be adapted to local conditions, such as spring maize varieties with long growth period and great yield-increasing potential. Middle-late maturing varieties can be selected for wheat field interplanting, and middle-early maturing varieties can be selected after wheat harvest.

As the saying goes, "spring earns the day, summer earns the time." Sow early in time, avoid high temperature and drought, and ensure high yield of corn.

Second, water in time to cool down.

8- 10 days before maize flowering is the highest water demand period in its life. If there is obvious drought at tasseling stage, especially the "neck-stuck drought" at high temperature, it will directly lead to the failure to tassel, or the tassel will be seriously reduced due to high temperature and drought, few pollen grains and dryness.

As the saying goes, "If you don't water the flowers, you will cut your production by half." At this time, when encountering high temperature and dry weather, we must pay attention to watering, watering and cooling to improve air humidity and microclimate in the field, so as to facilitate fertilization and increase the number of grains per ear.