Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Weather inquiry - When is the specific time to harvest potatoes in Shenyang City?
When is the specific time to harvest potatoes in Shenyang City?
In Shenyang City, potatoes are usually planted in spring (mid-to-late April to early May) and harvested in autumn. Usually, potatoes can only be planted once a year.
The best time to sow potatoes is from January to March in spring. Choose sandy loam soil rich in organic matter for planting. Apply 1,500-2,000 kilograms of organic fertilizer per acre and 150 kilograms of turf ash. Spread the fertilizer into the field. After the planting, use a rotary tiller to thoroughly mix and rake, level the border, and make the border 1.3 meters wide. Plant 3 rows on the border, 40 cm between rows, 25 cm between plants, and 100 kg of seed per mu. Cover with mulch after planting. When the seedlings emerge, break the film in time to introduce the seedlings. When the seedlings grow 15-20 cm, top-dressing is performed. Use 15-20 tons of biogas manure per mu, add 7.5 kg of potassium fertilizer, and then use soil at the bottom of the ditch to cultivate the soil to promote rapid growth of the plants in the early stage. Water regularly to keep the soil moist and avoid getting too wet or too dry.
Choose varieties
Choose disease-resistant varieties and select healthy potatoes from disease-free fields for seeding. First, presoak the potato seeds in warm water at 40℃-50℃ for 1 minute, and then Soak in warm water at 60°C (the ratio of seed potatoes to warm water is 1:4) for 15 minutes. Soak the seed potatoes with 72.2% Purik or 70% Gram (800 times liquid) for 15 minutes and then dry them for sowing.
Soil disinfection
Strict soil disinfection must be carried out when potatoes are planted in vegetable fields where yam and solanaceous crops have been planted. The method is: first remove the stems and leaves of the previous crop, plow the soil to a depth of more than 20 cm, and then remove the remaining roots and fruits (tubers) in the tillage layer to reduce pathogens. Use 2 kilograms of 50% carbendazim wettable powder per mu, mix with 20 kilograms to 30 kilograms of quick lime, and spread 40 kilograms to 60 kilograms of plant ash into the field. Rake evenly into cultivation ridges and then open cultivation holes or ditches on the top of the ridges. When planting potatoes, sprinkle 3 kg of 40% pentachloronitrobenzene mixed with 90 kg-150 kg of dry fine soil into protective medicinal soil around the potatoes.
Fertilizer and water management
About 20 days in advance, add 25kg to 50kg of 300kg to 500kg of manure per acre evenly, and seal and stack ammonium bicarbonate in a sunny place to fully decompose and mix thoroughly. Apply and work into the soil when plowing the soil. When the seedlings grow 3 to 5 leaves, top-dressing is performed once. Generally, 500 times of the solution of Trichoderma striata is added with urea or 1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate plus enlarging agent. During the expansion period of the potato tubers, pay attention to strengthening field irrigation to increase the yield.
Field management
1. Before emergence: The focus is to increase light to prevent damage to the shed in wind, snow, and rain.
2. Emergence period: Those who are covered with mulch film must break the film with artificial assistance in time; those who are cultivated in the open field must hoe in time after rain or watering to break the hard shell so that the seedlings can be unearthed smoothly and promote the seedlings to grow together. , Miao Quan, Miao Zhuang.
3. Planting period: After the potatoes have emerged, the main goal is to promote the growth of the seedlings and set up a high-yield framework. The key points of management are no watering unless there is drought, and watering so as not to overflow the ridge tops, and cultivating and cultivating the soil, and finally cultivating square-shouldered ridges before sealing the ridges to create a good condition for potato formation. Ventilation time for large, medium and small sheds should be gradually increased. After the "Grain Rain", protective facilities can be removed depending on weather conditions.
4. Potato-bearing period: After the potato plant buds, it will begin to form potatoes. At the flowering stage, the potatoes will expand rapidly. At this time, the amount of watering should be increased. The principle of watering is to maintain the soil. Moisturizing, but not causing water accumulation in the field. During this period, we should also pay attention to the prevention and control of pests and diseases, especially potato diseases. We should focus on prevention in advance and focus on prevention. Once the disease occurs, it is difficult to control. During this period, if the plants appear to be leggy, artificial control must be carried out. Paclobutrazol (PP33) can be sprayed 1-2 times, with a converted concentration of 100PPm.
5. Harvest period: Potatoes should stop watering 7-10 days before harvest.
① Large, medium and small sheds are on the market in advance and can be sold at a good price. The suitable harvest time is around May Day. ② For those cultivated in the open field, they should be allowed to grow fully to form higher yields and better-sized potato tubers to obtain better benefits. The suitable harvest time is early June.
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