How did the ancients describe the date and time?

In the history of ancient China, there were mainly sixteen-hour system, ten-hour system, hundred-hour system, twelve-hour system and sixty-point method introduced with Buddhism. The "hour" mentioned here refers to the time period.

In ancient times, starting from the Tang Dynasty, twelve o'clock was divided into two parts, the first part and the second part. One-third of noon is one-third of noon (not one-third of noon), but this one-third of noon is not the time when the sun spirit is at its peak. The closest time is 3: 15 noon, and now it's 1 1 45. The first day of the lunar calendar is called "Shuori".

On the first day, the moon runs between the sun and the earth, appearing and disappearing at the same time as the sun. Because moonlight actually reflects sunlight, the sky can't see it. This phase of the moon is called "new moon", "new moon" or "new moon". In addition, the new moon also refers to the moon shaped like a hook at the beginning of the month.

Hope: The15th day (16th day,17th day is also possible, because the orbit of celestial bodies will be slightly shifted) of the lunar calendar is called "looking at the sun". Looking at the sun, the earth moves between the moon and the sun. When the sun goes down, the moon just rises. The moon can fully reflect sunlight, so it looks like a full moon on the earth. This moon phase is called "full moon", "full moon" or "full moon".

Hui: The last day of the lunar calendar. From the last day of a month to the first day of next month, or from dark to dawn, we can say "unlucky". The moon in Meng Chun: the east wind thaws, the stinging insects (only the insects in the soil) start to tremble, the fish are frozen, Tyrannosaurus Rex sacrifices fish and geese to the north, and plants sprout.

Extended data:

Decimal system is a natural choice, so early calendars and times only used decimal system. The yin-yang and five-element calendars belong to the October solar calendar; Decimal system is the decimal division of time. In the early stage of ten o'clock use, several key natural phenomena, biological reflex and living habits are selected as time nodes to help people know the time. Later, it was gradually changed to numbers, or codes such as heavenly stems.

According to the annals, the five time nodes during the day are: tide, rain, middle, easy, and; The five time nodes at night are: A, B, C, D, E, which gradually turned into additional time service nodes during the night security patrol, which lasted until the late Qing Dynasty.

The centimeter system is a further division of the ten-hour system, that is, the ten-hour system is further divided into a balanced hundred-hour system. Engraving may have originated in the Shang Dynasty, and there are unearthed Han Dynasty sundials. The scale on the disc is 69 carvings that may be used for carving. On the other hand, people's demand for the accuracy of time measurement and the proposal of the hundred-engraving system promoted the appearance of copper pot dripping (after all, it was not difficult for the ancients to divide the circumference by one hundred two thousand years ago).

In the Han Dynasty, it was changed to 120, and in the Southern Dynasty, it was changed to 96, 108. After many twists and turns, it was not until the introduction of European astronomical knowledge in the late Ming Dynasty that the reform of 96 engraving books was put forward and made it a formal system in the early Qing Dynasty.

The 16-hour system is a by-product of calendar calculation. China's early calendar changed from a five-element calendar of Yin and Yang to a calendar of four seasons and eight festivals. When a year is divided into twelve months, there will be a score with 16 as the denominator. The ancients realized long ago that the length of a year is 365 and 1/4 days. If it is divided into 12 months, then each month is 30 and 7/ 16 days. Sixteen-hour system is a time division with calendar calculation.

Fifteen of the sixteen time nodes recorded in Huainanzi Astronomical Training are: dawn, dawn, dawn, flea (early) food, banquet (late) food, angle, center, small return, late time, big return, high return and low return.

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