The development history of World Meteorological Day

To commemorate the establishment of the World Meteorological Organization, March 23 of each year is designated as "World Meteorological Day", also known as "International Meteorological Day".

The International Meteorological Organization was originally an unofficial international meteorological cooperation organization. It was reorganized into the World Meteorological Organization on March 23, 1951, the first anniversary of the entry into force of the World Meteorological Organization Convention signed by representatives of its member states. Organization (World Meteorological Organization, WMO), became an intergovernmental international meteorological cooperation agency and established relations with the United Nations.

In 1960, the Executive Committee of the World Meteorological Organization decided to designate March 23 each year as a worldwide commemoration day, requiring member states to hold celebrations on this day every year and widely publicize the important role of meteorological work. Every year, World Meteorological Day has a central activity. On this day, member states can carry out various forms of publicity and commemorative activities based on the central content of that year, such as organizing people to visit meteorological stations and holding meetings with the participation of government leaders. Mass celebration ceremony, exhibition of meteorological instruments and equipment, photos, charts and materials, press conference, feature articles and speeches by newspapers, radio stations and television stations, screening of meteorological science films, issuance of commemorative stamps, etc.

China is one of the founding countries of the World Meteorological Organization.

The polar regions are cold sources of the global climate system and are crucial to global climate change. Through detailed observations of atmospheric sediments on the ice caps in the polar regions, climate and environmental changes in the polar regions and even around the world can be understood.

The "State of the Global Climate 2006" report published by the World Meteorological Organization pointed out that the climate in most parts of the world continued to be warm in 2006, and polar ice was melting rapidly. On February 1, 2007, experts from the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change predicted that from now to 2100, the global average temperature may rise by 1.8 to 4 degrees Celsius, and sea levels may rise by 18 to 59 centimeters.

The scientific community has recorded that the ice sheets in Antarctica and Greenland are disappearing, and has found that due to climate warming, the ice time in the Arctic is getting shorter and shorter. In the past, polar bears basically spent their entire lives on sea ice. Begins to gradually move to land. Experts predict that if the ice in Greenland near the Arctic disappears, sea levels around the world will rise by 7 meters, which means "catastrophe" for some countries and regions. Therefore, protecting the polar regions means protecting humans themselves.

In order to raise global awareness of the importance of changes in Arctic sea ice and Antarctic ice sheets and promote the international community's protection of polar ecosystems, the World Meteorological Organization has determined the theme of the 2007 Meteorological Day - Polar Meteorology : Understanding global impacts, aiming to explore the impact of global warming on polar weather. The establishment of this theme is also closely related to the 2007-2008 "Fourth International Polar Year" activity launched on March 1, 2007.

The international community has paid attention to the polar regions for a long time. As early as 1882 to 1883, the International Meteorological Organization, the predecessor of the World Meteorological Organization, initiated and organized the "First International Polar Year" event. Scientists from 12 countries jointly conducted expeditions to the Antarctic and Antarctic, marking the transition from polar exploration to exploration. The era has entered the era of scientific expeditions, which also heralded the beginning of international cooperation in polar scientific expeditions. March 23rd every year is World Meteorological Day.

From September to October 1947, the International Meteorological Organization (IMO) held a meeting of meteorological directors from 45 countries in Washington, USA, and decided to establish the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and adopted the World Meteorological Organization. Organizational Convention. The Convention stipulates that the 30th day after the 30th instrument of ratification is submitted is the day when the World Meteorological Organization Convention officially enters into force.

On February 21, 1950, the Iraqi government submitted its 30th instrument of ratification, and the World Meteorological Organization Convention officially came into effect on March 23, marking the official birth of the World Meteorological Organization. To commemorate this special day, in June 1960, the 20th session of the Executive Committee of the World Meteorological Organization decided to designate March 23 as "World Meteorological Day",

and began in 1961 , every year on this day, meteorological workers from all over the world commemorate and celebrate around a theme selected by WMO.

The purpose of carrying out the "World Meteorological Day" activities is mainly to enable the general public in various countries to better understand the activities of the World Meteorological Organization and the outstanding contributions made by meteorological departments in economic and national defense construction. Promote the application of meteorology in aviation, navigation, water conservancy, agriculture and other human activities.

The World Meteorological Organization is an international organization that carries out meteorological operations and meteorological scientific cooperation activities among countries and regions around the world. It is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland. The World Meteorological Organization has 151 members, and China is one of the earliest founding and signatory countries of the World Meteorological Organization. The main tasks of the World Meteorological Organization include: promoting the establishment of a worldwide meteorological observation network and promoting the standardization of meteorological observation operations.

Promote the international exchange of meteorological data and propose unified specifications for observation and statistical data; promote the application of meteorology in aviation, navigation, water resources, agriculture and other aspects; promote the development of hydrological services and strengthen cooperation between meteorological departments and hydrological departments ; Encourage scientific research and personnel training in meteorology and related fields.

Since the 1960s, the main activities of the World Meteorological Organization have been concentrated on the following international cooperation programs: World Weather Watch Program; Global Atmospheric Research Program; Human and Environmental Interaction Program; Technical Cooperation Program; education and training programs and the World Climate Plan, among others.

In October 1971, the 28th United Nations General Assembly passed a resolution to restore the legitimate seat of the People's Republic of China. Since then, China has successively joined some specialized agencies affiliated with the United Nations, among which the earliest specialized agency approved to join was the World Meteorological Organization.

Global warming has significantly increased natural disasters caused by extreme weather around the world, causing heavy casualties and economic losses. Through comprehensive global observations, humans can obtain important information about weather, climate, and water. Although mastering this information cannot prevent the occurrence of natural disasters, it can provide early warning of disasters, prevent them in advance, and minimize the impact of disasters.