What are the climatic characteristics of Jiangsu? Is the light strong? What are the highest and lowest temperatures?

Jiangsu province is located in the mid-latitude zone on the east coast of the Asian continent, which belongs to the East Asian monsoon climate zone and is in the climate transition zone between subtropical zone and warm temperate zone. Jiangsu Province has a flat terrain, 30 46 ′ ~ 35 07 ′ north latitude and 65 438+065 438+06 22 ′ ~ 65 438+0265 438+0 55 ′ east longitude, which is roughly bounded by the Huaihe River and the main irrigation canals in northern Jiangsu, and the northern region has a warm temperate humid and semi-humid monsoon climate. The southern region belongs to subtropical humid monsoon climate. Jiangsu has a coastline of 1000 kilometers, and the ocean has a great influence on Jiangsu's climate. Under the comprehensive influence of solar radiation, atmospheric circulation and Jiangsu's specific geographical location and landform features, Jiangsu's basic climate features are: mild climate, distinct seasons, obvious monsoon, hot Leng Xia in winter, changeable temperature in spring, crisp autumn, abundant rainfall, concentrated precipitation, obvious plum rain and sufficient light and heat. Because Jiangsu is located in the mid-latitude transition zone of land and sea climate, influenced by the weather system of westerly belt, subtropical belt and low-latitude easterly belt, meteorological disasters occur frequently, with various types and wide influence. The main meteorological disasters are rainstorm, typhoon and strong convection (including strong wind, hail and tornado). ), lightning, flood, drought, cold wave, blizzard, high temperature, fog and continuous rain. In climatology, it is generally defined that the average climate temperature is stable ≤ 10℃ in beginning of winter and stable ≥22℃ in long summer, with spring and autumn in between. Affected by the monsoon, Jiangsu Province has a shorter spring and autumn, a longer winter and summer, and an obvious temperature difference between north and south. The average start time of spring is March 3 1, and the average length is about 68 days. The average start time of summer is June 7th, and the average length is 104 days. The average start time of autumn is September 19, and the average length is 6 1 day. The average start time of winter is 165438+ 10/9, and the average length is 134 days. There are obvious differences in the starting and ending time of seasons between northern Jiangsu and southern Jiangsu. Generally, there will be a difference of about a week between Huaibei and southern Jiangsu. The annual average temperature in the whole province is between13.6 ~16.1℃, and the distribution decreases from south to north. The highest annual average temperature in the province appears in Dongshan in the south and the lowest in Ganyu in the north. The average winter temperature in the whole province is 3.0℃, and the extreme minimum temperature usually appears in winter 1 or February, and the extreme minimum temperature is -23.4℃ (Suqian,1February 5, 969). The average summer temperature in the province is 25.9℃, and the extreme maximum temperature generally appears in July or August in midsummer, and the extreme maximum temperature is 4 1.0℃ (Sihong,1July 9, 988). The average spring temperature in the province is 65438 04.9℃; The average temperature in autumn is 16.4℃, and the climate in spring and autumn is relatively mild. The annual precipitation in the whole province is 704 ~ 1250 mm, the precipitation from the middle of Jianghuai to the north of Hongze Lake is less than 1000 mm, and the precipitation in the south is more than1000 mm. The distribution of precipitation is more in the south than in the north and more in the coast than in the inland. The area with the most annual precipitation is in the Ili Mountain area at the southernmost tip of Jiangsu, and the least area is in Fengxian County in the northwest. The maximum annual precipitation of a single station appears at 2080.8 mm in Xinghua of 199 1, and the minimum annual precipitation appears at Fengxian of 1988, which is 352.0 mm The total annual solar radiation in Jiangsu Province is 4245 ~ 50 17 MJ/m2, mostly in the north and south. Most of the solar radiation in Huaibei area is above 4700 MJ/m2, and most of the solar radiation in southern Jiangsu area is below 4500 MJ/m2. The maximum value is in the northeast of Huaibei and the minimum value is around Taihu Lake. Seasonal distribution is more in summer, less in winter and even in spring and autumn. The annual sunshine hours in the whole province are 18l6 ~ 2503h, and their distribution also decreases from north to south. Jiangsu province is rich in wind energy resources, especially in the eastern coastal areas. In some areas, the annual average wind speed can reach more than 5.0 m/s, the annual effective hours of wind energy can reach more than 6000 h, and the annual average wind power density can reach 200 W/m2；. . Followed by areas along the Yangtze River and lakes (Taihu Lake, Hongze Lake, gaoyou lake, Rome Lake, etc.). ), which also has the potential of wind energy development. Under the background of global climate change, the climate change in Jiangsu Province is also very obvious, mainly including several aspects. First of all, climate warming is very obvious. For example, 196 1 By 2007, the annual average temperature in the whole province had increased 1.38℃, and 2006 and 2007 were the highest two years on record, especially in winter, when the temperature rose at most ≤ 0. Second, meteorological disasters have changed significantly, such as heavy rain, lightning, fog, haze, floods and other disasters have increased in frequency and intensity; The temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of some disasters have changed. For example, in recent years, the Huaihe River basin is prone to floods, and the number of light rain days in some areas is decreasing, while the number of days above heavy rain is increasing. Third, the impact of climate change is remarkable, which shows that the impact of climate change is getting wider and heavier, involving people's lives, human health, ecological environment, water resources, food production, economic development, large-scale engineering construction, urban and rural planning and so on. Coping with climate change has become the focus of attention of governments at all levels and all walks of life.