Skills and equipment of outdoor rock climbing activities (2)

Skills and equipment of outdoor rock climbing activities

Fast suspension is used as a temporary protection point in the route of pioneer climbing or traditional climbing. At this time, the fastening mode of the main rope and the opening direction of the quick hook are very important. The main rope is required to pass between the fast hanger and the rock wall and out from the outside, that is to say, the rope end of the climber is on the outside; If the route is transverse, the iron lock door at the entrance end of the quick hook should face the opposite direction of the route. If the route is from left to right, the opening of the iron lock should face the left. This can prevent the rope from pressing the iron lock door when it falls off.

bysmalith

Rock plug: metal products with different specifications and shapes can be placed in rock crevices, caves, stone bridges and other terrain and fixed as protection points.

Taking the rock plug as a protection point requires rich instrument experience, and the operator must be very cautious to ensure that the rock plug will not move or fall out in the possible stress direction. The rock plug without mechanical parts is mainly fixed in the narrow part of the rock fracture by using its own asymmetry and the shape change inside the rock fracture.

The shape and size of the mechanical plug can be adjusted, and it can enter the rock crack in a contracted state, and it can be stuck after bouncing off. Easy to operate and wide in application, it is a good choice for climbing traditional routes.

Being familiar with the diameter and application scope of various rock plugs will greatly improve the operation speed, and the rock plug rod can be marked if necessary.

Rock nail

Provide another method to establish protection points; One end is wedge-shaped to provide protection by driving a wedge into a rock crack, and the other end is ring-shaped to connect an iron lock or a flat belt. It should be reminded that two nails driven into the same rock crack may pry open the rock.

Expansion nail

Using impact drill and hammer, the expansion nail can be driven into the whole rock, and the hanging piece becomes a very stable protection point.

Lace film

One side is fixed on the rock wall with expansion nails or screws, and the other side can be fastened with iron locks or quick hooks, or connected with flat belts; Is an important part of the protection point. . Magnesium powder is wrapped in auxiliary equipment, which can absorb sweat on hands and moisture on the surface of rock wall and increase friction.

Bouldering pad

A protective means in bouldering, which provides cushioning and shock absorption. Inside the bouldering pad are two or more layers of sponges with different textures. The top is a hard closed sponge, and the bottom is a thick soft open sponge. Soft sponge makes the slobber sink rather than disperse the pressure, which is easy to scratch the wrist and ankle, so the hard sponge layer should be placed on the rockfall pad upwards.

Where it is possible to fall, a boulder pad is needed; If the number is not enough, the protector can drag the mat with the climber's action.

helmet

Effectively prevent head injuries caused by falling rocks and abnormal falling postures. Helmets should be worn correctly to protect the forehead, back of the head and sides. Never look up or put your head in your hands when falling rocks appear. Let the helmet work when there is nowhere to hide.

climbing boot

The sole adopts special rubber, which greatly increases the friction. From ordinary shoes to hiking shoes, it is an important change to improve the climbing level.

When using, you should choose a smaller size, and wrap your feet tightly when putting them on, so that your feet can become a whole, which is beneficial to enhancing the sense of feet and facilitating accurate stepping and exertion. There are many kinds of climbing shoes, suitable for different rocks, rock wall angles and different climbing methods.

Four. Outdoor rock climbing equipment Today, I will introduce you to the skills of natural rock climbing in the wild and the equipment and equipment needed to climb natural rock walls: the equipment and equipment needed to climb natural rock walls can be divided into two categories: personal equipment, equipment, protective equipment and equipment.

1. Personal equipment includes safety belt, hiking shoes, safety helmet, magnesium powder bag and appropriate clothing.

1. seat belt: full-body seat belt is the best safety, but it is complicated to wear and expensive, and it is not as comfortable as sitting seat belt. Moreover, most of the seat belts sold in the market are designed with hanging rings, which can easily carry many climbing tools. Therefore, most climbers generally choose seat belts. When purchasing safety belts, novice climbers must buy brands with safety certification, read the instruction manual carefully first, and use it in strict accordance with the operating methods and procedures specified in the instruction manual to avoid accidental casualties caused by improper use.

2, climbing shoes: when climbing natural rock walls, the general route is longer and takes more time. Therefore, for ordinary climbers, when choosing climbing shoes, it is best to choose climbing shoes with hard soles, high friction and high uppers, which can provide support and protection for ankles.

3. Helmet: When climbing a natural rock wall, in order to effectively avoid hitting your head against the rock wall or being injured by falling rocks, you should wear a special helmet for climbing. Do not use bicycle helmets or industrial helmets.

4. When climbing the natural rock wall, you should choose the right clothes according to the local weather. As long as it is convenient for the activities of the body and limbs, you can choose loose or elastic tights. But choose long-sleeved clothes to avoid scratches and sunburn on the rock wall. In addition, the jewelry and watches worn should be taken down and properly kept, so as to avoid being scratched by rock walls or equipment during rock climbing, causing physical injury or loss.

2. Protective equipment includes climbing rope, protective iron lock, lifter, descender, quick hook, lasso, rock cone, rock plug, mechanical plug, etc.

1. When climbing a natural rock wall, the climbing rope must use a special climbing rope with a diameter greater than 10 mm or a double rope with a diameter of 8 mm, and pass the inspection of the European Union (CE) and the International Mountaineering Federation (UIAA), otherwise it may lead to an accident.

2. Protecting the iron lock Protecting the iron lock is the most widely used and indispensable tool in rock climbing. In the process of climbing, everyone should carry at least two large threaded protective iron locks and four or five or even more ordinary protective iron locks (depending on the length of the climbing route). )

3. There are various types of ascenders and descenders, which must be carried when climbing, and can be selected according to personal hobbies and usage habits. Note that the descender should be replaced in time after long use or excessive wear. All kinds of climbing devices have certain restrictions on the diameter of climbing rope used, so pay attention to it when buying.

4. Quick-hanging Quick-hanging is a climbing tool that uses a flat belt to fixedly connect two protective iron locks. Connecting the protection point and the protection rope is very fast and effective. It is also one of the necessary protective tools for rock climbing.

5, lasso lasso (also known as flat belt ring) is a widely used protection tool. Generally, it is made of nylon woven belt with the width of 1.5cm, 1.7cm and 2.5cm, which is made by special method. The standard length specifications are 5cm, 10cm (short flat belt), 30cm (half length) and 60cm (full length). It can also be made by connecting nylon braided belts according to the required length. Some lassos are specially designed for use in large negative angle or eaves terrain. In order to reduce the impact on the protection point when the climber falls, some special stitches will break. Once the stitches break, the lasso cannot be used again.

6. In the process of rock cone climbing, according to the different types and widths of rock cracks, the corresponding rock cone or rock plug is used as an effective protection point. So carefully observe and choose the climbing route before climbing. Carry the corresponding number and types of rock plugs and cones as required. Generally speaking, the rock cone is disposable and the rock plug can be reused.