Computers often get stuck on the desktop, which means they have crashed. ask for help

this is the prelude to crash and the prelude to paralysis! Don't play until you die-never stop! Do you have to play until it crashes? At this point, don't you check the root cause carefully? Don't be afraid, there is still a time to bite your tongue when you eat! The data stream is just like tap water. If any part of the whole process is blocked or blocked, your computer will be slow, stuck, disconnected, crashed, and so on, thus affecting your use. The following aspects are the root causes of this phenomenon. You might as well check it carefully and completely (not out of context) according to the following aspects. Your problem will be solved. ★ Copyright statement: This answer is original and harmonious, and no one can steal it! ★1: Power supply 1.1 Check whether the power supply is stable with a multimeter? 1.2 Is the AC voltage fluctuation within the allowable range? Does it exceed 5% of the rated voltage? Is the ripple coefficient (checked by millivolt meter) after 1.3A/D power conversion qualified? 1.4 Is the temperature rise of the power supply abnormal? 1.5 Does the voltage stabilizing characteristic meet the technical index? 1.6 Does the voltage stabilizing characteristic and ripple coefficient meet the technical index under rated load? 1.7 When replacing a large fan, does your power supply capacity meet the requirements? 1.8 The power supply of general auxiliary equipment (routers, network switches, cats, etc.) is rectifier power supply, which has no voltage stabilizing function, and the ripple coefficient is large (possibly caused by the dry filter capacitor) and the load capacity is poor; The equipment can't work due to fever, so special attention should be paid to the monitoring in operation. 1.9 Over-voltage (like feeding a child, if it is too much, it will die), low voltage (like feeding a child, if it is too little, it will lead to malnutrition), excessive voltage fluctuation (like feeding a child, hungry and full), over-current, and fever, which will cause the overheating protection action to cut out and the equipment to quit operation (that is, it will cause slowness, delay, repeated start-up, delay, etc. 1.1 Whether the overcurrent protection and overheating protection of power supply operate correctly? Is the action sensitive? Do you refuse to move or misoperate? 2. Check the network cable and the crystal head (R45): 2.1 Are the crystal head and the socket plugged in (loose)? 2.2 Is the contact good? What is the contact resistance? 2.3 Is there dust? Is it oxidized? 2.4 Is the mechanical locking of the crystal head and seat locked? 2.5 Whether the locking is firm? 2.6 Are the network cable and the crystal head tightly pressed and in good contact? 2.7 The insulation resistance between lines of network wires (using a 1V shaking table) shall be greater than 2 megohms. ★ Copyright statement: This answer is original and harmonious, and no one can steal it! ★3: Lightning protection and grounding: grounding is mainly to ensure the safety of people and equipment! Lightning will burn the network card; In severe cases, it can cause fire and casualties! Multi-point grounding, repeated grounding and nearby grounding are the principles; Grounding is divided into protective grounding, shielding grounding, working grounding, etc. Static electricity is the chief culprit causing the blue screen to crash! I use a noise meter to test that the noise voltage when the ground is not connected is more than 6 times greater than the signal. If you are not connected to the ground, can your equipment work with such high noise? Grounding is the most basic requirement for IT, especially for analog devices and digital circuits. Interference from all aspects can be reduced or eliminated by grounding, and external interference and inter-line coupling between local and local wiring can be reduced and eliminated. Do a good job in grounding shielding of equipment. Many interferences come from poor shielding and poor grounding. Many people only work on software, and many interferences are caused by poor grounding or no grounding. This kind of fault is very easy to occur, and it is also easy to be ignored by many people. Many equipment damage is directly related to grounding. Failure to grounding or poor grounding will lead to intersymbol interference, error code, delay, packet loss, interruption, disconnection (disconnection, interruption), crash, card, automatic shutdown, repeated startup, repeated startup, frequent restart (or repeated connection) and other phenomena. There must be more than two grounding electrodes for grounding, and the interval between each grounding electrode is at least 1m. There must be no joint between the grounding electrodes and the grounding wire of the machine room. Soft copper wire with a cross section of not less than 25mm2 is introduced into the bus bar of the machine room (no joint is allowed in the middle). The grounding wire is symmetrically connected with Faraday net to facilitate shunt and dispersion. The connection point with the bus bar should be coated with silver powder conductive paste. The cross section of the grounding wire from each device to the bus bar (independent) should not be less than 4m2. The bus bar is connected to each grounding electrode. Check the grounding instrument at least twice a year (measured by a grounding instrument of level 2.5 or above, and the instrument is within the inspection period). When checking the grounding electrode, it is strictly prohibited to do it in thunderstorm weather. It is forbidden to use the N zero line of water pipes and power lines as grounding; That is, an independent grounding device. The wires of each equipment are independently connected to the bus bar of the machine room, and it is forbidden to connect the bus bar after being connected in series. I can say subjectively: whether you are an individual user or a collective user of a large computer room, you are not grounded at all (or the grounding is unqualified). ★ Copyright statement: This answer is original and harmonious, and no one can steal it! ★4: Bandwidth: Bandwidth from operators to users is very important. Without enough bandwidth, enough data traffic cannot be guaranteed; It is impossible for computers to surf the Internet smoothly; The bandwidth mentioned above refers to the bandwidth of the whole journey, which is as wide as that on the expressway, and there can be no ups and downs in the whole journey; A little fluctuation in the whole process will affect the network speed; The user has the right to ask the operator (test with frequency scanner) to give protection; 5. Signal-to-clutter ratio: (the ratio of signal to noise can be understood as the purity of signal) When the signal is small, the useful signal is hidden by the noisy stray signal (especially the intersymbol interference between symbols), so that the receiving path cannot correctly extract the useful signal from the noisy signal, and the judging circuit cannot correctly judge the symbols, which will lead to error code and serious error code loss, which is the reason for the delay. Serious delay will mean disconnection (it will cause slow, delay, repeated startup, disconnection, delay, disconnection, interruption, disconnection, automatic shutdown, crash, etc.). Use a noise meter or level meter to measure whether the noise level is within the allowable range, or use an oscilloscope to observe whether there are stray signals? Is there intersymbol interference? Take measures to eliminate it. The signal-to-clutter ratio is also greater than 6dB. Test (observe) with a frequency scanner and an oscilloscope. This indicator is to ensure smooth and barrier-free roads. There is such a wide road, and the whole journey is barrier-free. 6. Matching: Matching includes level matching and impedance matching (tested by level meter and signal generator). 6.1 Level matching: The received signal cannot be too low. If it is too low, the threshold level amplitude required by the receiving path cannot be reached, and the equipment cannot work normally; If the level is too high, the front circuit of the receiving path will be saturated or burned out. The fluctuation of reception level near the reception threshold will make the computer restart frequently and repeatedly; Therefore, receiving level adjustment is very important. During operation, level meters or oscilloscopes should be used frequently to monitor and adjust the receiving level at the joint within the appropriate amplitude range. According to the instructions, use the level meter to monitor the adjustment. 6.2: Impedance matching: The connection points must be matched with relative impedances. Mismatching of input and output impedances will lead to reflection attenuation, and the signal will not work normally no matter how strong it is. 7. Optimize the network structure. When people turn on the computer to surf the Internet, it will produce garbage just like eating, not cleaning the table, not washing the dishes, not cleaning the cooker, and the computer will gradually behave as slow, stuck, delayed, repeatedly started, disconnected and other faults; Therefore, I personally recommend using some gadgets: such as Super Rabbit, Optimization Master, Master Lu or 36; Get into the good habit of cleaning up the garbage before going offline. 7.1: Clear the junk fragments and IE cache generated by surfing the Internet in time: as long as you use the computer, you will generate garbage, and if you don't clean it in time, it will accumulate more and more. If you don't clean it for a long time, the space for running C disk will become smaller and less chaotic, and finally it will gradually slow down until it crashes; Therefore, arranging and running disk C regularly can keep the running speed of the computer.

7.2: synchronize ADSL equipment first: power off the equipment and restart it. 8. Software Settings and Configuration 8.1: Download commonly used software from big official websites as far as possible, so that 3 do not install, informal software does not install, P2P (resource-occupying) software does not install, and infrequent software does not install. Turn off all unnecessary network connections and startup items, such as Thunder, BT, Donkey, etc. Non-running software should not be placed in the running C disk; Update patches in real time. Game software should be downloaded from regular large-scale websites. Pay attention to whether the software is stable. Immature and unstable software will lead to failures such as slowness, jamming and crash, especially some popular game software. Some netizens have a strong reaction to this. Such software should be paid special attention to or deleted immediately. When downloading software, we should pay attention to the security of rogue software inserted into the critical computer and remove it at any time. Many acceleration softwares mostly contain viruses or advertising plug-ins, which take up the resources of your disk. After some game software starts, the game will be directly t-dropped, and after it comes up, it will be infinitely disconnected and restarted. Protocol: the protocol in the network should also match it, and the mismatch will also cause some equipment failures. Software conflicts will also cause problems such as delay, stuck, slowness, crash, disconnection and interruption. 8.2: Anti-virus software and firewall should have at least one valid and genuine anti-virus software, and the virus database should be upgraded frequently: the firewall should be set properly (not too much, too high or too low), which will cause some web pages to fail to open; Viruses can make computers slow down, crash, drop lines, get stuck, restart repeatedly, and shut down. 9. Temperature, humidity, temperature rise (the temperature is gradually increasing after starting) With the extension of starting time, the temperature of the main equipment and its auxiliary equipment (cats, routers, network switches, etc.) will gradually increase. If it cannot be released quickly, it will be delayed-slow-disconnected-crashed. 9.1 Humidity: In rainy season or rainy days and high humidity areas, the insulation between lines and devices is reduced, and the signal level drops, which leads to inter-code interference, error code, delay, packet loss, interruption, disconnection (short line or interruption), crash, automatic shutdown, repeated startup (repeated connection) and other phenomena of the computer, or unstable work. Humidity accelerates oxidation, resulting in transmission interruption.

9.2: temperature (at present, the country is entering a high temperature, and the faults caused by temperature will accumulate and increase, which may last for several months): from the start of the machine, the temperature will gradually increase, and when the temperature rises to a certain level, it will stabilize at this value, and the difference between this value and the ambient temperature should not be greater than 25 degrees; Because the computer is a semiconductor device, it is required that the actual temperature of the device should not be higher than 85 degrees; When the chip temperature approaches 8 degrees, measures should be taken to reduce the working environment temperature of cats, routers, network switches and computer equipment. If it is beyond this range, the computer will have intersymbol interference, error code, delay, packet loss, interruption, disconnection (disconnection or interruption), crash, automatic shutdown, repeated startup (frequent connection) and other phenomena. 9.3: The temperature rise (the difference between the actual temperature of the equipment and the ambient temperature is called the temperature rise) is less than 25 degrees Celsius, which has great influence on the normal operation of the equipment, especially when the temperature rise of network switches, routers, computer motherboard chips and network cards is large, the equipment will not be able to operate; Especially for portable (also called notebook) computers, it is difficult to dissipate the temperature rise because the design gives priority to the size, and it is most prone to intersymbol interference, error code, delay, packet loss, interruption, disconnection (short line or interruption), crash, automatic shutdown, repeated startup (repeated connection) and other phenomena caused by temperature rise. The measure are as follows: a, place that equipment (refer to Hubble, cat, router, network switch, computer, etc.) in a safe place for people, first disconnect the power supply, then open the box cover of the equipment, and use air convection to strengthen contact with the air for natural heat dissipation;

b: add a micro fan to the equipment to increase air convection and carry out forced heat dissipation;

c: if you are engaged in IT, I suggest that you add heat sinks to the heating parts of the equipment after disconnecting the power supply.

d: After the equipment is disconnected from the power supply, drill more holes up and down the equipment with a 3mm drill bit to strengthen the air convection and improve the heat dissipation conditions; E: As for the equipment in a ventilated and dry place, it is best to make an insulating heat dissipation bracket (also available in the market for notebooks) to support the equipment for natural heat dissipation; F: After the computer is used for a long time, when the silica gel between the CPU and the heat sink dries up, the CPU will generate serious heat, which will cause packet loss, delay, slowness, repeated startup, disconnection, automatic shutdown and crash. Re-coating silica gel can restore normal use.

g: clear the junk fragments and IE cache generated by surfing the Internet in time: as long as you use the computer, you will generate garbage, and if you don't clean it in time, it will accumulate more and more. If you don't clean it for a long time, the space for running C disk will become smaller and more chaotic, and finally it will gradually slow down until it crashes; Therefore, arranging and running disk C regularly can keep the running speed of the computer.

h: synchronize ADSL equipment first: power off the equipment and restart it. Users who regularly surf the Internet should open the shell of the equipment after power failure for at most half a year (by the way, check whether the internal connection of the equipment is good, whether the memory stick is loose, and whether the contact between the memory stick and the card slot is good? Are the plug-ins loose? Is it tight? Whether the connection points are firm and in good contact), clean the dust inside the equipment. Ten: wiring: the wiring process is based on the principle of minimum interference; It is required that the wiring should be neat and beautiful, and the strong and weak signals should be separated, and the high and low frequency signals should be separated. Unreasonable wiring will cause interference caused by line coupling and crosstalk, and the lines cannot be intertwined. It is best to use shielded (shielded layer is reliable and grounded) lines. These parasitic interferences will reduce the signal-to-clutter ratio of the computer and make it unable to identify useful signals, resulting in intersymbol interference, error code, delay, packet loss, discontinuity, dropped line (short line or interruption) and crash. ★ Copyright statement: This answer is original and harmonious, and no one can steal it! ★ XI: The button cell battery capacity of the motherboard is not enough or there is no power, so it will not start or cause other faults. Twelve: ADSL users: Multiplex computer signals together with telephone lines, and pay attention to the influence on computers in three states: off-hook, on-hook and ringing; Because both computer and telephone signals are transmitted (multiplexed) on telephone lines, a certain degree of isolation (greater than 6dB) and a degree of defense (greater than 6dbB, the better) must be provided between them, especially some irregular words may affect the use of computers. 13. Timing failure: When the equipment fails at a fixed time, it is necessary to carefully check whether there are large factories or electrical equipment starting, electric welding and other starting equipment between the surrounding and transmission paths. Fourteen: The better solution to the slow speed of win7 should be this: Go to the Windows7 control panel, find and open the color management. In the color management dialog box that opens, switch to the Advanced tab, and then click Change System Defaults in the lower left corner. After that, the system will pop up a dialog box Color Management-System Defaults again. In this dialog box, also switch to the advanced option, and then cancel the system default check.