It is urgent to protect the information of Poyang Lake.

This is a magical water area. It looks quiet now, but the boatman knows that there are always hidden dangers here. In the blink of an eye, the wind suddenly came. If we can't land in time, it will be born to die. Huge waves beat against the hull, and water poured into the boat from all directions. Even with more experience, there is nothing I can do. As long as it takes more than ten minutes, it will be buried under the water and disappear without a trace. Then, the waters will immediately return to calm. Local fishermen call it the Devil's Triangle, and some people call it China Bermuda.

In the north of Jiangxi Province, on the south bank of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, there is a vast expanse of water, which is Poyang Lake, the largest freshwater lake in China. Whenever the news of fishing comes, the fishing boats on the lake will be busy because of the harvest, and the market along the lake is also a busy and happy harvest scene. However, in this calm and serene Poyang Lake, there is a gloomy and horrible death zone. Because there is an old temple on its east bank, people call it "the water of the old temple". For thousands of years, I don't know how many ships have been ruthlessly swallowed up by the lake here. However, even more bizarre is that thousands of tons of cargo ships mysteriously disappeared in this water with a water depth of only 18 meters. No matter how people look for it, they are not found. This is similar to Bermuda.

Why does the huge Poyang Lake only sink in the Laoye Temple? Where did those lost ships go? Is there really a legendary water monster at the bottom of this lake? Or does the time tunnel really exist? Various strange sayings have cast a mysterious veil over this water area. Perhaps it is full of legend to outsiders, but how do the local fishermen who live with it feel?

Generally, this place is called the gate of hell, which is more sinister. Several ships sank in one day, all of which were large ships of 400 to 500 tons. This place, I don't know, is a little weird.

2001110/0.9, Huaiyuan county, Anhui province, the sand carrier 0 157 1 was about to leave the waters of the old temple, but the disaster suddenly came.

Interview: Yu Wudi

That storm also came very strangely. You can usually look at the weather. If there is a big storm, you should rely on the boat. The storm came too suddenly.

In a blink of an eye, the wind was blowing and the turbid waves were rolling. The fishing boats not far from the shore came ashore one after another, while the sand carrier was in the middle of the lake. Tobey Wu, who lives on the shore, vaguely saw that the cargo ship was still in the lake in the yard, and hurried to the lake, watching the sand carrier spinning in the lake not far away, but Tobey Wu was helpless because of the heavy wind and waves. At this time, the sand carrier is only 1.5 km away from the shore.

Interview: Fishing Angkor

It sank in more than ten minutes.

Interview: Fishing Angkor

We saw that it had sunk. It was a sunken ship.

Like a sudden attack, the storm quickly disappeared after more than ten minutes, and the lake was calm as if nothing had happened. At this time, Tobey Wu and other villagers immediately started water rescue. Immediately, several fishing boats rowed to the middle of the lake at the same time. Due to the frequent accidents in this area, local fishermen have become accustomed to saving people spontaneously and act quite quickly. Even so, unfortunate things happened.

Interview: Fishing Angkor

Of the five people on board, three died and two were rescued. He is a sister, a lover and a son. Saved my wife and son, and all three sisters died.

For the living, this will be a place where hearts are broken forever.

For thousands of years, no one has figured out how many ships sank in these waters. All we can see is the record of major water accidents of Jiujiang Maritime Safety Administration in recent decades.

19731June14th, the motor cargo ship of Xing Zi Shipyard sank in the waters of Laoyemiao, and 13 people were killed.

1985 15 On March 5th, a 25-ton ship numbered "Raoji 4 1838" sank about three kilometers south of Laoye Temple at 6: 30 in the morning.

On August 3 of the same year, two cargo ships of Jinxian County Shipping Company in Jiangxi Province, each of which was 20 tons, were miraculously buried at the bottom of the lake in the waters of Laoyemiao. On the same day, another 12 ship suffered bad luck here.

Since the 1960s alone, more than 100 ships have sunk in this area, and dozens of lives have been ruthlessly swallowed up by the lake.

For many years, the crew of passing ships have been on tenterhooks when passing through here. Because the waters of the Laoye Temple are the only water passage from Poyang Lake to the Yangtze River, these people who depend on water have to come to the customs again and again, although there are dangers. Finally, the mysterious shipwreck in the waters of Laoye Temple has attracted more and more researchers' attention. In their eyes, all kinds of legends are certainly not credible. Only by scientifically finding out the real cause of the shipwreck can we solve this ancient mystery in people's minds and help people stay away from these disasters. However, this is a great challenge for researchers. In the past 30 years, the scientific research team has visited the waters of Laoyemiao successively, but for various reasons, it has not found an exact and reasonable explanation for the shipwreck in this waters. Is there really no answer to this mystery? From 65438 to 0985, an expert group composed of meteorological, hydrological and geological departments once again came to this magical water area. The mystery of nature is infinite, and they are convinced that there must be an unusual causal relationship between the power of nature and the ancient mystery of shipwreck. The investigation will begin immediately. Because the local fishermen are the first witnesses when the ship sank, the first thing the experts should do is to know the situation from the local fishermen. After talking with dozens of fishermen or villagers, experts found that people's judgments on the reasons for capsizing were almost the same.

After getting such an answer, the investigation team first turned its attention to the wind. Of course, what villagers say by feeling can only be used as a preliminary judgment for reference. What experts need is real and scientific data. The wind is closely related to the meteorological department, and the meteorological team immediately decided to carry out meteorological observation for one year in order to obtain accurate data for further analysis. Three observation points were immediately set up in the Laoye Temple. For researchers, a year is long and busy. The wind is changeable. If they want to find out the law of the wind in this invisible air, they can't relax at all In this way, more than 300 days and nights, researchers will appear at the lake and nearby hillside every day, and they will capture every trace of wind with sweat and hard work. More than 200,000 original data were finally placed in front of the meteorological team staff. These data show that the waters of Laoyemiao are a rare windy area in Poyang Lake, with 163 windy days a year, which means that the wind will reach level 6 every two days.

Interview: Director Xiong

This is from June 1985 to 10/0. The wind direction is mainly northerly, with the maximum wind speed of 27.3 seconds, and strong wind 1 1 level.

Subsequently, the meteorological team members compared these data with the data measured by Duchang Meteorological Bureau not far from them. They found that the annual average wind speed in the waters of Laoyemiao is much larger than that in duchang county City, which is basically consistent with that provided by the villagers.

Interview: Director Xiong

For example, the annual average wind speed of the Laoye Temple is 7.6 seconds, which is equivalent to about 4 to 5. The annual average wind speed of our station (Duchang Observatory) is 2.9 to 3.2, which is equivalent to about 2 levels, that is, 3 levels worse.

During this year's work, the team members felt more than once that sailing in the center of Poyang Lake was generally calm. However, as soon as the ship entered the waters of Laoyemiao, the wind speed immediately increased and the ship began to shake. Also in Poyang Lake area, and at the same time. Why is the wind in the waters of Laoye Temple surprisingly strong? Is this related to the unique shape of Poyang Lake? The members of the investigation team picked up the map for analysis more than once. Seen from the map, Poyang Lake looks like an inverted gourd. The northern end of this gourd is a narrow water area, and the Laoye Temple is at the southernmost end of this narrow water area. Is there a secret of strong wind hidden in this narrow water? From people's life experience, we can know that if there is a secondary wind in the open area, we may not feel its existence. However, if there are two mountains blocking the wind in the open area, then the narrow passage between the two mountains is the only way for the wind, and all the airflow will be concentrated here, thus speeding up the flow of the wind when it passes here. This narrow passage is what we usually call the tuyere. (This paragraph is a two-dimensional animation) And isn't Poyang Lake, a long and narrow water area, the shape of a tuyere? So, the staff made a detailed survey of Poyang Lake and got a set of special data.

In the south of Poyang Lake, the widest place is 74 kilometers, which means that the waters of Laoye Temple are the narrowest place in the whole Poyang Lake! Away from it, north of the Yangtze River is an empty plain. This long and narrow water area is undoubtedly the shape of a tuyere. However, water is different from mountains. Water can't stop the wind from passing here. The only reason for the tuyere is the mountain. In this regard, geologists believe that there are two main reasons for the formation of rivers. One is that the surrounding areas swell to form rivers, and the other is that the middle areas sink to form rivers. Whatever the reason, the formation of rivers or lakes is bound to be closely related to the surrounding terrain. (2D animation) For this reason, the members of the geological team decided to make a clear investigation on the topography of Poyang Lake area. If we use the past method and walk on two legs to investigate, it will not only take a long time and be inefficient, but also the biggest disadvantage is that we can't form a whole concept. After research, the experts decided to coordinate the relevant departments to do a satellite remote sensing shooting of Poyang Lake area in order to obtain the most geological information in the shortest time. Satellite remote sensing images are produced at the fastest speed. Ma Zhenxing's careful observation and whether he can find out the mountains related to this narrow strip is the key to find out the formation of strong winds in this area. According to the picture, at the southeast end of this long and narrow water area, there is a very large hilly area, next to the waters of the Laoye Temple, which has attracted the attention of experts. However, in the actual investigation, the staff found that the highest point of this zone is only 89 meters. Although this height has a certain influence on the wind, it must not be the key factor for the formation of strong winds. The team members must look for mountains with a certain altitude around this water area. At this time, everyone's eyes are gathered on Lushan Mountain, which is only a few kilometers away from it. In the area of Laoyemiao, because the water from the five rivers is basically equal to a meeting point of this place, in this place, because the water in different directions is mixed with each other, the direction of water flow in this place is rather chaotic.

Turbulence collide with each other, forming large and small eddies. The influence of these vortices on the hull is different from that of normal water flow. If we encounter bad weather again, the probability of ship accidents will be much greater than that in other places. Hydrologists have come to the conclusion that wind and waves are only one of the causes of capsizing accidents, and the combined action of current disorder and strong wind is the fundamental cause of shipwreck accidents. Things are often not as simple as people think. Just when all the experts thought they had found the answer to the mystery of the shipwreck, the local fishermen had another completely different story.

Interview: Yu Wudi

Ordinary running water has a whirlpool, which is not big. The whirlpool of water has little effect on us.

Now it seems that the conclusions drawn by hydrologists are just the opposite of the personal experience of local fishermen. Is the hydrologist wrong, or is there something wrong with the fishermen's experience? The mystery of shipwreck in the waters of Laoyemiao has become more and more complicated. What's the secret in this lake? Can the arrival of experts finally solve the mystery?

Once again, the dialogue with fishermen began, and this time the main goal was the whirlpool in the water. Because fishermen are very familiar with the waters in this area, they certainly don't care too much about the whirlpool on the water when there is no wind. But when the wind came, the fishermen went ashore early, and no one could say clearly how much vortex there was in the lake when there was wind. However, those who were rescued after falling into the water in the lake told the fishermen what they saw.

Interview: Yu Wudi

They all said that there was a vortex when the ship went, and the spiral descended and sank. They all said that there was a vortex on the lake.

How much force does it take to suck a big ship with a load of hundreds or even thousands of tons to the bottom? The biggest problem for hydrologists is that due to limited conditions, the water body in the center of the lake can't be monitored when the wind comes, so the data about the vortex in the lake can't be obtained when the wind comes. For this, geological expert Ma Zhenxing has different views. According to fishermen, when the wind blows, there will be a lot of eddies in the water, which is why they suck hundreds of tons of cargo ships into the bottom of the lake. Those eddies caused by water flow disorder can only be countless, and a single vortex can't be that big. Are there other secrets under the lake? If so, how do we know the secret? After careful discussion with the team members, Ma Zhen Xinghe decided to take another aerial photo. Different from last time, this time, low-altitude shooting was adopted, and the target was only the waters of the Laoye Temple. This shooting is risky. If there is no new discovery, it will waste a lot of energy and research funds. Fortunately, however, the color infrared aerial photos taken at low altitude made the geological team make a particularly important discovery.

Interview: Ma Zhenxing

We found something. What did we find? Through this photo, we can clearly see that there is a huge sand bar underwater in the area of Laoye Temple.

This is a newly discovered underwater sand dam. Its length is about 2.5 kilometers, showing an east-west trend, accounting for more than two-thirds of the total width of the water area of Laoye Temple. It is the existence of this sandbar that completely changed the water flow in the Laoye Temple. When the north wind blows to the surface of Poyang Lake, the big waves will roll south. At this time, the underwater sand bar will block the water flow, so powerful eddies will form at the bottom of the lake at its southern end, which will cause amazing impact on the ship.

Interview: Ma Zhenxing

Its impact force is three times the wave height, and how many tons per square meter, that is to say, how much water can ordinary waves reach in this area of Poyang Lake, reaching 3 meters and 2 meters high, then its impact force can reach three times, 6 tons per square meter. At this time, the instantaneous impact of your ship should reach 6 tons (per square meter).

That is to say, if a ship with a deadweight of 20 tons is calculated as 20 square meters, the impact of waves on it will reach 1.20 tons, which is more than five times the weight of the ship. Such a large impact force is bound to make the ship lose control and get involved in a powerful whirlpool. These hidden underwater eddies are of course much more powerful than those caused by water turbulence. However, where did the huge sand bar under the Laoye Temple come from? With such a large area, why did Poyang Lake only reach the Laoye Temple? Let's look back at this hilly area next to the old temple. These mountains, big and small, are all made of sand. Whenever a thunderstorm comes, the rain will wash away a lot of sand, next to the waters of the Laoye Temple in Poyang Lake.

Interview: Ma Zhenxing

At the top of our old temple, more than 89 meters above sea level, there is a huge sand mountain. Under the action of flowing water, this sand mountain rushed directly into Poyang Lake, just in the east-west direction and directly brought into Poyang Lake.

At this point, the secret of the bottom of the lake was finally revealed, and the arrival of experts from all sides made the mystery of the shipwreck in the waters of Laoye Temple in Poyang Lake more and more clear. When the north wind goes south, the existence of Lushan Mountain makes it a rare windy area. When the airflow reaches the hilly area, it begins to turn back again, which makes the wind direction extremely disordered and has a great impact on navigation. At the same time, the water from the five major rivers flows into Poyang Lake and meets in the waters of Laoyemiao. The current is strong and chaotic, which makes the ships sailing in the strong wind worse. Even more deadly, the sand bar hidden at the bottom of the lake has produced a powerful underwater vortex under the action of strong winds. Irregular winds, fast-flowing water and huge underwater sand dams have become invisible enemies for ships coming and going. If a strong wind strikes, the ships in the lake will be in danger and there is nothing they can do.

The power of nature is beyond people's imagination. People can't and have no right to carve nature into what we need. On the contrary, these strange natural phenomena will make people more curious about nature. But capsizing is inevitable, isn't it? In fact, people are constantly working hard for this every day.

Interview: County Committee

We have achieved three-day weather forecast, publicized fishermen and broadcast, and sent messages to fishermen at 7: 00 am and 7: 00 pm every day, that is, 19.

Waterway management has been going on for decades. Strengthening the inspection of ships can ensure their ability to resist wind and waves. In addition, several newly-built safe havens will also facilitate passing ships to dock in time in case of distress. Coupled with the continuous improvement of people's own quality, the shipwreck accidents in the waters of Laoye Temple have dropped a lot.

Interview: Wen Shuji

In recent years, with the scientific mastery of the crew and the improvement of the safety awareness of the whole society, water safety accidents should be said to have dropped significantly. Judging from my work for more than 20 years, there is a clear difference between the 1980s and the 1990s.

Only when problems are found can measures be taken to ensure the safety of navigation. But things didn't end there. In the eyes of fishermen living in the Laoye Temple, the mystery of the shipwreck has not been completely solved. This mystery is still an unsolved knot in their hearts.

Interview: Yu Wudi

I told my father and grandfather that three big boats sank in this place, one for porcelain, a small bowl, a plate, a teapot and so on. Sink a little above my door. Now, there are 1000 to 2000 tons.

The other two ships that sank here were also cargo ships, carrying thousands of tons. Although fishermen are used to sinking ships, they are puzzled that these ships have never been salvaged after sinking.

Interview: Fishermen

They all sank here, and none of them were fished out.

Has anyone ever fished?

I do. I don't know where I went. I haven't found it yet. There's nothing.

In the past 20 or 30 years, sunken ships will be quickly salvaged by relevant departments, and no sunken ships can be found. Ships that have been overturned by wind and waves are often made of wood. After the wind and waves, these boards will float on the water, except for these sunken ships. Have they been hiding in a corner of the lake, or are they really not in this lake?

What is even more strange is that thousands of tons of boats were still there when they first sank to the bottom of the water. Because fish would nest in them after sinking to the bottom of the water, many local fishermen went fishing on the boats that sank to the bottom of the water, and some even caught some items on the boats.

Interview: Yu Wudi

My father grew up on the water. He is very good at swimming and entering the water. He's fine. He is alone. We have several families engaged in fishing and sailing boats. My father walked from the bottom to the bottom of the cabin and felt it. He touched the small bowl, small pot, small dish and teacup and felt much better.

A few years later, some foreign divers came to this area for various purposes and began to salvage underwater. To everyone's surprise, the diver found nothing.

Interview: Fishing Angkor

Divers are in the water. He is wearing different clothes. Our children look strange. According to the adults, he went into the water and touched something on the sunken ship. As a result, he touched here and saw nothing.

According to local villagers, several groups of divers came one after another, but no sunken ship was found, and the sunken ship seen by the older generation also mysteriously disappeared. As time goes on, the legend about the shipwreck here becomes more and more magical. Some people say it was buried by underwater sand, others say it was washed away by the current, and even more bizarre, it is said that the big ship that sank here went back to the past with just visiting. These statements aroused the curiosity of researchers. So, were those sunken ships buried by sand? The villagers' statements were rejected by experts. Laoye Temple is the deepest place in Poyang Lake, with a water depth of about 18m, and the height of a thousand-ton sunken ship should be above 10m. If the sunken ship is buried by quicksand after more than ten years, the sediment layer will be deposited on the whole river bottom, and the water level of the river should rise by more than 10m, but in fact, the water level of the Laoye Temple in Poyang Lake has not changed much. This inference was denied. So, are they still hiding in a corner of the lake? Han Lixian has been engaged in drilling wells for water for many years. Before drilling a well, he must use measuring instruments to detect underground elements. After years of exploration, Han Lixian found that there were many limestone on the land around Laoye Temple, which made him associate limestone with the legend of the shipwreck of Laoye Temple.

Interview: Han Lixian

I often meet limestone, sometimes I see the development of limestone, and there is also a lot of calcium. Judging from the inclination of the rock strata at the bottom of the lake, it gradually extends to Poyang Lake. In this way, there may be a lot of limestone in Poyang Lake.

Limestone is composed of calcium carbonate, which is easily soluble in water. If there is a large area of limestone at the bottom of Poyang Lake, it will be washed away by the current after being dissolved in the water.

Interview: Han Lixian

Because it was washed away in the water, I guess there is a huge cave under it.

This statement has been recognized by Wang Tingshan, who has been engaged in geological research for many years. He believes that if there are caves at the bottom of the lake and these sunken ships just sink near the mouth of the cave, then many years later, as long as the ship is slightly moved by the current, it may fall into the cave.

Interview: Wang Tingshan

When you wash the dishes in the sink at home, a lot of water falls down and everything will flow into that (sewer). When the boat arrives at that place, it will also flow into the hole, and there will be no boat on the ground. To the bottom of the cave, in the big cave, of course, this cave will be connected with other caves, and it is likely that this underground river will lead to other places, so you can't find it in the lake.

If there is indeed a lot of limestone at the bottom of the lake, then this statement is correct. However, in response to this statement, researchers from Jiangxi Geological Survey Institute found through drilling that most of the rock formations at the bottom of the lake are not limestone.

Interview: Ma Zhenxing

We have done some drilling work. If you drill further down, most of the holes will pass through the bottom of the lake for twenty or thirty meters, and then you can reach the red rock formation, that is, the red sand shale.

Then, according to Ma Zhenxing, if the water is all red sand shale, it is impossible to form a large area of karst caves.

Interview: Ma Zhenxing

Why don't caves form? Because our red sand shale is mainly composed of silicon dioxide, it has strong weathering resistance, and the effect of water on it is not as easy to dissolve and change chemically as calcium carbonate, so it is not easy to form karst caves.

Because it is impossible to drill on a large scale for the time being, it is still unknown whether there is a lot of limestone at the bottom of the lake. Whether there are caves underwater and whether the sunken ship is still at the bottom of the lake is still an unsolved mystery.

Interview: Yin

If it is red sand shale, there will be no caves underwater. Of course, there is another possibility. It is a kind of limestone. (Next) If there is limestone, there may be an underwater cave in this area, but what exactly is this basement needs further investigation and investigation, and it is still difficult to draw a conclusion.

Exploring the infinite mysteries of nature has always been a constant desire of mankind. Maybe one day, the mystery of the shipwreck in this water area will finally be solved, but now, they need to continue their work. Because, our exploration today is precisely to make tomorrow's life more secure.

152

| Comments (9)

Ask TA for help

Interviewee: king0k | Level 4

Professional field: makeup religion

Activities attended: activities that I have not attended for the time being.

The questioner's evaluation of the answer:

This place is amazing!

Scientists continue to work hard!

Fishermen continue to pay attention to safety