What are the ecological and environmental problems in Erenhot?

The Mongolian Plateau has a temperate continental climate, with an average annual rainfall of about 200 mm (8 inches). There is a huge difference in average temperatures between the hottest and coldest months. For example, the average temperature in Ulaanbaatar, the capital of Mongolia, in January is -31℃ (-24℉), while in July the average temperature reaches 16℃ (61℉). The winter on the Mongolian Plateau (November to April of the following year) is cold and long. In January, the coldest month of the year, the local average temperature ranges from -30°C to -15°C, and the lowest temperature can even reach -40°C, accompanied by heavy rain. Wind and snow; spring (May-June) and autumn (September-October) are short, and often have sudden weather changes. For example, in autumn, Mongolia had a crisp autumn just now, and suddenly there would be strong winds, flying sand and rocks, and sometimes There may even be sudden heavy snowfall. In Mongolia's summer (July and August), the temperature difference between day and night is large, the light is sufficient, the ultraviolet rays are strong, and the maximum temperature can reach 35°C.

Strong winds and rapid weather changes are the biggest characteristics of Mongolia’s climate. Precipitation The water vapor in the northern part of the Mongolian Plateau (Mongolia) mainly comes from the Arctic Ocean, and precipitation decreases from north to south. The annual precipitation of the Selenga River Basin in the north is 300 ~ 400mm. Due to the low temperature and low evaporation, the climate is relatively humid. It should be a semi-humid area in terms of climate division. Mountain needles of Siberian pine and Siberian larch are distributed in the mountainous area. Ye Lin. In the central Handay-Hentiy Mountains, the precipitation in the northern part is mostly 200~300mm. It belongs to the forest-steppe zone, with abundant water and grass. The pastures are mainly grasses and forbs, and the grasslands are dotted with sparse grasses. Larch forest. The average annual precipitation is about 200 mm.

Since the northern part of the Mongolian Plateau is affected by the Arctic Ocean water vapor and the eastern part is affected by the Pacific water vapor, the precipitation is the highest in the Sayan Mountains and Kent Mountains in northern Mongolia, as well as the Daxingan Mountains and its eastern plains in Inner Mongolia. The annual total amount is about 300~400 mm, and as the distance from the ocean increases, the precipitation gradually decreases from north to south and from east to west. The minimum precipitation occurs in the southwest areas where water vapor on the two ocean surfaces is difficult to reach. , only about 100mm. The distribution of temperature is basically consistent with precipitation, with relatively low temperatures in humid areas in the north and east and relatively high temperatures in arid areas in the southwest. From the distribution of vegetation, it ranges from the agricultural and pastoral ecotone in Hohhot and Baotou, to the grassland belt in Xilinhot, to the desert grassland belt in Erenhot. Affected by climate, vegetation coverage spans forests, forest steppes, typical grasslands, desert steppes, Gobi deserts, and typical grasslands from north to south. The ecological environment is diverse and fragile.