The Significance of Ancient Classical Chinese

1. Translation of ancient classical Chinese 1. Make people rich and live long {make people rich and live long}

2. Choose trees in your spare time {where do you have time to choose trees. From-Liu Yiqing Southern Song Dynasty's Shi Shuo Xin Yu said: "The sigh of the North Gate has been heard for a long time. Poor apes rush to the forest, so they choose wood when they are free. " }

3. Fenyang didn't kill Taizijian {this needs no translation, this is what Wu Zixu said in the historical records. Fenyang is a famous Sima Fenyang, and later Taizijian fled to the Song State}

4. A gentleman is cautious. "Therefore, a gentleman's ears don't listen to the voice of lewdness, he doesn't look at women, and he doesn't speak evil words. These three, the gentleman is cautious "-the gentleman is cautious. "

If you say adults, you will be ashamed of them. The original text is-Mencius said: If you say adults, you must be ashamed of them. Don't think they are lofty. The hall is several feet high and the topic is two feet. I succeeded, and I am blessed. Before dinner, the abbot waited on hundreds of concubines. I succeeded and was blessed. I like drinking, hunting, and riding in the back thousands of times. I succeeded, and so did I. On the other hand, I do nothing; For me, it's all ancient. Where's my He Wei? Mencius said: "When you talk to a person with high status, you should despise him and don't take his prominent position and power seriously. Even if his hall is two or three feet high and his eaves are several feet wide, if I succeed, I will not despise them; Even if he is full of delicious food and serves hundreds of concubines, if I succeed, I will not despise them; Even if he drinks, drives and hunts and follows hundreds of cars, if I succeed, I don't care about them. What he has is what I despise; What I want is the ancient ritual and music system. Why should I be afraid of him? " } from Mencius with all my heart.

6. Yang Xiaoer {Yang's youngest son}

7. Benevolence {Originally-Zi Gong said: "If you can give to the people, how about helping them?" Can you call it a benevolent person? Confucius said, "What is benevolence? Will be holy! Yao Shun is still ill. Benevolent people want to be a man, but they want to be a man. It can be said that the benevolent side has already existed. " -Zi Gong said, "What if one person can give people many benefits and help them? "Can you be a benevolent person?" Confucius said: "He is both a benevolent and a saint! Even Yao and Shun can't do it. As for the benevolent, it is self-reliance and self-improvement to help others stand together; If you want to live well by yourself, you should also help others to live well together. It can be said that comparing everything with yourself and pushing yourself and others is a kind of practice of benevolence. " } From the sixth article of the Analects of Confucius.

8. It is better to die than to die. Metaphor would rather die for justice than sacrifice. }

2. Ancient prose and Yueyang Tower explain that Fan Zhongyan celebrated the spring of four years, and Teng and Zhen guarded Baling County.

In the second year, the government was harmonious and everything went smoothly. Is to rebuild Yueyang Tower, add its old system, and engrave Tang Xian's poems on it.

The genus () is recorded in the composition (the rest should be two tones). Yu (fú) Baling wins the case in Dongting Lake.

Holding the distant mountains, swallowing the Yangtze River and making endless soup (shāng); It's sunny in the morning and cloudy at night. This is the grand view of Yueyang Tower, which was prepared by the elder (yǐ).

But the northern martial arts, the Antarctic Xiaoxiang, and the poets who moved abroad will all be here, and they will look at things well. If it rains (fü) and it rains (fü i), it will not open for several months, and the evil wind will roar (háo) and the turbid waves will be empty. The sun, moon and stars are hidden in Yao, and mountains and rivers are hidden in Qi.

Business travel is not good, but it is a disaster. At dusk (míng), the tiger howls (xiào) and the ape cries.

When you climb the stairs, there are people who are homesick, people who are worried (don't write "greedy"), people who are afraid of laughing (don't write "hungry") and people who are extremely sad. If the spring is peaceful, the scenery is beautiful, the waves are calm, and the sky is high and the clouds are light (qǐng).

Li Jing swims in Ji Xiang, Sha Ou. On shore, ZH (ZH ǐ) TΡ ng (Tó ng) is blue and green (qóng).

Or the long smoke is exhausted, the bright moon is thousands of miles away, the light is shining, the static shadow is sinking, and the fishing songs are answered. How happy I am! If you climb the stairs, you will feel relaxed and happy, and you will feel embarrassed and humiliated (xié) (don't write "all"). If you leave the wine in the breeze, you will be happy. Oh, honey! Try to seek the heart of ancient benevolent people, or do something different from them.

What? Don't rejoice in things, don't grieve for yourself. If you live high in a temple, you will worry about your people. If you stay away from the Jianghu, you will worry about your king.

It's worrying about going in and going out. But when will it be fun (yé)? It must be said that "worry about the world first, and then enjoy the world"! Yǔ！ Hey (y: and)! Wes, who are we going home with? September 15th, six years.

Description: In the spring of four years, Teng was demoted as the prefect of Yuezhou. In the second year, political affairs were smooth, people were happy, and various waste businesses were established one after another.

So (Teng) rebuilt Yueyang Tower, expanded the original building scale, and engraved poems and songs of talented people and modern people in the Tang Dynasty on Yueyang Tower. (Teng) entrusted me to write an article to describe (rebuild Yueyang Tower). I think the beautiful scenery of Baling is concentrated in Dongting Lake.

Dongting Lake (Dongting Lake) connects the distant mountains and engulfs the flowing water of the Yangtze River. It looks like a big water, vast and boundless. Rain or shine changes in the morning and evening of a day, and the weather is ever-changing.

This is the magnificent scene of Yueyang Tower, which has been described in detail by predecessors. In this case, most officials and poets who were relegated and moved to Wuxia in the north and Xiaoshui and Xiangshui in the south gathered here to enjoy the natural scenery, which would probably be different.

Like continuous rain, it didn't clear up for a month, the cold wind roared, the turbid waves rushed to the sky, the sun (and) stars hid their brilliance, and the mountains hid their traces; Businessmen (and) passengers can't walk, the mast falls down and the oars are broken; The dark appearance of the coming dusk, the whistle of the tiger and the cry of the ape. When you climb this building, you will have the feeling of leaving Kyoto and missing your hometown, fearing that (others) will speak ill of you and ridicule (yourself). Your eyes will be full of depression and your feelings will be extremely sad.

As for spring, the climate is warm, the sun shines, the waves can't afford it, and the sky above and below the lake is endless. Sha Ou sometimes flies and sometimes stops, and beautiful fish swim (on the water); The fragrant grass on the shore and the orchid in Xiaozhou are rich in fragrance, full of green. Sometimes the smoke disappears completely and the bright moonlight pours thousands of miles. When the lake fluctuates, the moonlight floating on the water shines golden. When the lake is calm, the moon shines into the water as if a piece of jade had sunk.

Fishermen sing and answer each other, so the fun is endless! When you climb this building, you will have an open mind and a happy spirit. You have forgotten your own glory and humiliation, and you will raise your glass to the wind with great happiness. Alas! I have also discussed the thoughts and feelings of ancient virtuous people before, which may be different from the above two kinds of people.

Why? Don't be happy or sad because of the environment (good or bad) and yourself (gains and losses). Be an official in the court and worry about its people; If he is not an official in the imperial court and retreats to a remote place, he is worried about his monarch.

Therefore, being an official in the imperial court is also worrying, and so are retired people. When will you be happy? They will definitely say, "Worry about the world first, and enjoy the world later"! Ah! Without such a person, who am I with (not, but Teng)? Written in September of Qing Dynasty, this famous article will definitely be liked by your teacher, who said you have a good eye.

If it is too long, choose this one: Carving a boat for a sword. Some Chu people waded in the river and their swords fell from the boat into the water. He made a mark on the side of the ship with his sword and said, "This is where my sword fell." . "

The ship stopped at the destination, and the Chu people jumped into the water from the marked place to find the sword. The boat can, but not the sword.

You won't be confused if you ask for a sword! Explanation: A man in the State of Chu crossed the river by boat and his sword fell into the water. He quickly carved a mark on the boat and said, My sword fell from here. After the ship stopped at the shore, he went ashore from the mark and went into the water to look for his lost sword.

The author said: the boat has been gone for a long time, but the sword has not moved. It looks like this. /\ {} p！ ; : ; |:| |:| l； l ll I； Me, me; Me, me; Me, me; I d | b H | H H | H H I H，； ，H I H，； , ; H @ H； _ H _, ; H @ H`\Y/d_，； | 4H @ HK |，_ b \ Y/' ' \； MMMMM $ @ @ @ $ MMMMM/' "~~~*; ! 8@8! ; *~~~" ; 888; ; 888; ; 888; ; 888; Isn't d8@8b O8@8O T808T silly? .

3. The meaning of "zi" in ancient classical Chinese is the meaning of "zi" in ancient classical Chinese.

Kangxi Dictionary regards the word "you" as an incorrect word, that is, a word whose font changes during copying and writing. Incorrect characters are a special variant. So it's actually "you", which means "you" In ancient classical Chinese, "you" has two different meanings in different contexts:

(1) Body and coat. Shuowen pointed out that "clothes and bodies are also". "Funeral" said, "This is also called. People who talk about clothes should be clear about their figure, especially pointing out that "clothes are two feet and two inches" is really a short coat.

② It is red. In Xunzi Guo Fu, "Therefore, the emperor wears clothes, the vassal wears clothes, the doctor wears clothes, and the scholar wears clothes." It is red inside. The meaning of this passage is "the emperor wears a red robe with dragons painted on it, the princes wear a robe with red in the black, the doctors in the Qing Dynasty wear robes when they make pilgrimage or sacrifice, and the taxis next to the doctors wear leather clothes". Different costumes reflect the different rank sequences of emperors, princes, ministers and literati, and reflect the characteristics of the enfeoffment system.

In addition, Shuowen also pointed out the significance of "being". In addition to the meaning of clothes and body, it also puts forward that "hello, you are beautiful", that is, "you" also has the meaning of beauty. However, there is no further explanation of the beautiful meaning of "you" in ancient Chinese.

4. I would like to ask the meanings or allusions of several ancient classical Chinese. The book "Arbitrariness" said: "The book of warning warned the satrap and the trilateral battalion officials, and was told that there was a letter for an official to warn him.

The world once called this a strategy book, which is a very distant thing. "Also called quit troublesome.

"Wen Xin Diao Zhao Long Ce Pian": "The admonition is the text, and the actual edict is the system." It can be seen that it is the order of the local satrap.

In addition, Arbitrariness also records that "imperial orders are nicknamed", that is, life, orders and politics: "When you are in power, you are in the name of a minister" and "When you are in the name of an order, you are called politics." It can be seen that the distinction between various styles at that time was very clear.

There are also four kinds of ministers' letters recorded in Cai Yong's Arbitrary Volume: "There are four kinds of ministers who write to the emperor: one is chapter, the other is achievement, the third is table, and the fourth is refutation." "Wen Xin Diao Zhang Long Biao Pian": "There are four things to make a ceremony in the Han Dynasty: first, chapter, second, performance, third, table and fourth, discussion.

Chapter to thank, play to disintegrate, table to Chen please, discuss differences. 1, "Arbitrary" chapter says: "Those who stamp need to kowtow, which means kowtowing, but those who write to thank Chen don't know. "

If it's Shane, do it. "Wen Xin Diao Zhang Long Table" said: "Zhang Zhe, Ye Ming.

..... The former Han expressed his gratitude, and there were few articles left. However, the tea bureau of the later Han Dynasty must try its best to play a disciplined role. "

Its characteristic is "praising Wang Ting and revealing one's heart." According to Ren Fang's Origin of Articles, the last chapter began with Dr. Xie Taizhong's Last Chapter written by Kong Rong in the later Han Dynasty.

In fact, Cai Yong's "Defending the Frontier" is such a work. This article was written in the first year of Guanghe. Cai Yong was 46 years old.

Because of outspoken criticism, pretending to write this article, and looking back at the determination to make up the Ten Records of Hanshu, he was demoted to Shuofang. I feel deeply "when I arrive at the immigration office, I am waiting for my work in the traffic jam." I am worried and anxious and don't want to recover. "

"I steal from the pain, a bad, so that the lack of history books, Hu Guang school, twenty years of thought, the middle road was abolished, not exact. ..... Because I have been in the army for a long time, I am willing to seal it. "

The original biography of the Book of the Later Han Dynasty: "When I was in Dongguan a long time ago, I wrote the Book of the Later Han Dynasty with Lu Zhi and Han Shuo and supplemented it, but I couldn't get it. Because I wrote the book myself, I typed ten meanings, the first title and the left chapter. " This article is similar to Sima Qian's "Bao Ren An".

2. Play "arbitrary" and say, "Players need brains, too. His official in the imperial capital is a brief comment.

I am sorry to hear what I said. Among them, if the crime law is disintegrated, the government will send it to the Yushitai, and a government captain will send it to the audience. "

When it disintegrated, it was also made. On Balance and Cai Cheng: "Advance and retreat, play the word."

"The Biography of the Later Han Dynasty Ban Gu" notes: "Play, enter also. Remember, books. "

This style, Qin Shi said in the "Wen Xin Diao Zhang Long Table": "The Qin Dynasty customized and changed the book to play." Bounce to crush.

According to the Records of Hanshu Yiwenzhi, there are 20 stories in the Spring and Autumn Period. Original note: "Minister Qin plays stories and engraves famous poems." At the same time, he said to type notes, or write letters, or type letters, or type forms.

For example, Dong Zhongshu of the Han Dynasty wrote a memorial to Gong, and his Origin of Articles considered this to be the beginning of writing a book. This article is still preserved in the tenth volume of Gu Wenyuan, entitled Prime Minister Gong Shu.

"The History of Officials in the Later Han Dynasty": "The history of Lantai is 600 stones. This note says: play and print documents. "

"The Biography of Ban Biao in the Later Han Dynasty" Li Xian's note: "The Han official said: There are six people in the history of Lantai, and it is against the book." 3, the table "arbitrary" said: "The table does not need a head.

I will say what I say. Fear, kowtow, death penalty.

On the left is an official and a minister. This text uses two lines.

There are five elements in writing. This is also a question of understanding.

General, official, commander, don't say the surname. Doctors have the same surname, but officials don't say their surnames.

I opened my mouth to report the news. Or make the audience, the doctor is the official below, and the business is reported.

Newspapers and periodicals are played like books, all the chapters and tables are unsealed, and their secrets are filled with silk books. "When Chen please also.

Interpretation of the deeds of famous books: "what you say is on the surface, what you think is inside, and what you show is outside." Some people say it's on it.

Say it again. What do you mean? According to Ren Fang's Origin of Articles, Liu An, the king of Huainan, wrote the earliest creation of this style.

Give way to the watch, first seen in Han Dongping Cang's "Give way to a title of generals in ancient times watch". The core of the table is the table heart, so Liu Xie's "Wen Xin Diao Zhang Long Table" says: "The table is also marked."

It is most clear to use "table invitation". Most recitals are held in public, either by invitation, concession or recommendation.

For example, in Zhang Pu's Cai Yong Collection, the First Canadian Dress and the Minister's Longevity Table, the Minister's Self-report Table and the Congratulatory Table for Correcting the Wrong Chapter are the invitation tables; Recommended HuangFuGui Table and Recommended TaiWei Dong Zhuo Table are recommended tables; Let Levin be Hou Yinfu's strategy table, let Levin be Hou Yinfu's strategy table, let Shangshu ask for a table in his spare time and spare time, and so on. Is the form of issuing orders; The thank-you table of the magistrate in Baxian county, the purple table of the golden beetle (que) are all thank-you tables, and so on. There is also a more open way for ministers to play with watches, that is, uncovering cloth.

Wang Su's Biography of the Three Kingdoms quoted Shi Shuo: Ma Chao rebelled and robbed Jia Hong to expose it. Zhong You knew his article and said,' This Jia Hong is also a writer.' The source of the article quoted this as the beginning of the exposure.

In fact, the name Lyu3 bu4 existed in the Han Dynasty, but it was not dedicated to the military, but a fierce writing in public. According to Hanshu, He Wu is a secretariat. If he plays an official illegally, he must first uncover the chapter.

History of Etiquette in the Later Han Dynasty: In the event of great mourning, "the vassal sent the doctor to play, and the courtiers invited the post horse to show the cloth." In the earthquake of Emperor Huan of Han Dynasty, Liu Yunlu wrote a letter and moved to Miyake.

Exposed cloth is also called exposed plate. "Wen Xin Diao Yi Long Qian Pian" said: "Those who uncover the cloth cover the version without sealing it, and broadcast it to the audience."

[13] There is also the form of sneaking around. The Biography of Cai Yong in the Later Han Dynasty: "I specifically asked:' Compared with the Cataclysm, I don't know what the crime is, and the court is worried and full of fear.

Every time I visit the county magistrate, I hear their suggestions, but I don't want to devote myself to them. In order to learn the profound Confucian classics, it is advisable to make public the gains and losses, pointing to Chen Zhizheng, and not to disobey and be suspicious.

Using suture technology, sealed with soap capsules. The history book says: "The emperor sighed when he read the chapter, but when he was getting dressed, Cao Jie secretly looked at it later, and when he knew about the announcement, he leaked it.

Those who were cut off forever looked askance. "That is to say," his words are full of silks and sacs ",and his ministers are all ignorant.

But Cao Jie peeked at Cai Yong's paper, and Cai Yong was convicted. In the history books, Cai Yong complained: "I am so stupid and loyal that I forget my life and ignore the future harm, so I laugh at my officials, both at home and abroad.

I really want to invite the saints above to help the disaster.

5. And the meaning in ancient classical Chinese.

1. Near; Almost [almost; Almost]

Ninety years old. -"Liezi Tang Wen"

In his later years, there were many pets at home, Xiao Wang and twenty people. -"Purple Tongzhi Sword"

After three years. -"Zhuang Regret Hall" collected by Hou Qing.

2. Will [will]; Yes; Should]

Will return, not ordinary to hate. -"Poetry, Qi Feng"

Therefore, it is windy, the vegetation has not moved, and the birds have flown. -"Huai Nan Zi"

Do nothing. -"Historical Records of Xiang Yu"

I thought I was eating myself. -Liu Tang Zongyuan's Three Commandments

The fire has gone out. -Wang Song Anshi's "You Bao Chan"

You are in trouble. -Wei Qing Xi, Biography of Big Iron Vertebra

3. Another example: and be (should be); It is (and will be)

4. temporary; Let's just [just; Temporary]

Watch it? -"Poetry of Zheng Feng"

Bring the book. -Liang Qingqichao's Biography of Tan Sitong

I know it in my heart. -Qing Liu Kay "Ask and Say"

5. Another example: Wait a minute; Let it go first; And can (temporarily); And rest (temporarily); And since (temporarily; Just); And live (temporarily); And temporary (temporary); And for (temporarily; Let's just); Then (temporarily); And resume (temporarily)

6. Extreme, hypothetical or impossible situations or examples used to emphasize something [even]. It's hard to die without fear.

7.: indicates that it needs or can last for a long time [for a long time]. Such as: this is used at the same time; He can't come.

1. indicates a coordinate relationship, which is equivalent to "you" and "and" [and]

Enthusiastic hosts have plenty of wine, which is not only delicious but also big! -Poetic Xiaoya

Grazing and grazing. -Liu Tang Zongyuan's Children's Biography

Worship and cry. -Wang Song Shu's "Tang Yulin Elegant"

Sweet, sweet. -Qing Zhou Rong's "Spring Wine Hall Suicide Letter, Biography of the Old Man"

There are many thieves. -Wei Qing Xi, Biography of Big Iron Vertebra

2. Another example is: poor and cheap; Horizontal and vertical; And (and); And it is (and)

3. again ... again. "Lian" is used to indicate that two things happen at the same time. Such as: both tall and big; Fight and retreat.

4. The relationship indicating choice is equivalent to "or", "or" [or].

Does the king respect Qin Wei? And respect the same "-"Warring States Policy "

Yes, not evil. -Tang Hanyu's Collected Works of Mr. Changli of Zhu Wengong School

5. Represents a progressive relationship, which is equivalent to "return" and "except" [more]

And how to place earthwork. -"Liezi Tang Wen"

And northerners don't learn water fighting. -History of the Three Kingdoms

People are depressed. -"Shi Shuo Xin Yu Rehabilitation"

I'm very sad, I said ... —— On the Snake Catcher by Liu Tang Zongyuan.

Want to see the guests again. -Wei Qing Xi, Biography of Big Iron Vertebra

6. Another example: and her husband (and the situation. Besides)

7. Represents a hypothetical relationship, which is equivalent to "if" and "if"

If Guo Jun had listened to their advice and done it, he wouldn't be in trouble today. -Lv Chunqiu

And nonsense. -Gao Mingqi's "Shubo Chicken"

8. Another example is: and if (if; If); And make (if; If)

9. still, still

I will not avoid death. I quit drinking. -"Historical Records of Xiang Yu"

Be a teacher and dare not. -Liu Tang Zongyuan's "Liuhe East Collection"

And carry forward the past. -[English] Huxley and Yan Fu translated Evolution.

10. See also J.

6. The meaning of "Yin" in ancient classical Chinese 1. preposition

1. The location and direction of the imported action behavior. It can be translated as "from" and "from".

Because I see stars in the well, I can't see many stars; From the perspective of the autumn merchants, we can see its beginning and its entry (The Light of the Dead).

2. Timing and conditions for taking action. It can be translated as "use", "use" and "follow", or it can still be used as "reason".

Ex.: So he knelt down and invited the King of Qin (Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru).

3. Introduce the things or conditions where the action takes place, dependence and dependence. It can be translated as "dependence", "dependence", "dependence" and so on, and it can still be translated as "reason"

For example, Chu, for example, because the minister Shanxi merchants used thick coins, set up sophistry in the favorite (biographies of Qu Yuan)

4. The basis and premise of introducing action behavior. It can be translated as "basis", "basis" and so on, and it can still be used as "reason"

Example: suit measures to local conditions, suit the time (idiom)

5. Use people or things as a medium or means to achieve a certain purpose or implement a certain action. It can be translated as "pass", "by", etc., or it can still be used as "cause"

Example: When Lian Po heard this, his face was full of flesh and shame, and he apologized for the guests who came to Lin Xiangru Gate (Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru).

6. Causes and reasons for the occurrence and appearance of import actions. It can be translated as "because" or "because", or it can still be "because".

For example, if you add kindness, you will be rewarded for thinking without joy; If you are punished, you will think that the punishment is not excessive because of anger ("Ten Thoughts on Emperor Taizong")

Second, conjunctions

1. The connecting clause indicates the inheritance relationship, and the two events are sequential in time or event, which can be translated as "therefore", "JIU" and "therefore".

Exodus: After entering Wuguan, Qin ambushed the enemy, because he stayed with the King of Qi in order to cut land (Biography of Qu Yuan).

2. The connecting clause is used in the first sentence of the causal complex sentence to indicate the reason. It can be translated as "because" or "because", or it can still be "because".

Example: Du Shiniang has always had the ambition of doing good because he saw that his wife's greed for money is meaningless (Du Shiniang's Box).