Growth pattern of bamboo

The growth of bamboo has its particularity. It is based on the development of bamboo shoots on underground stems (commonly known as bamboo whips) into bamboo shoots, and then into new bamboo. Hsinchu can grow in height and ground diameter within 1 ~ 4 months, and will not grow in the future. Bamboo shoots grow every year. Therefore, the planting techniques of ornamental bamboo are also different from other seedlings, which are summarized in text form for reference by landscape workers. 1. The planting time is 1. Scattered bamboo: Generally, scattered bamboo begins to shoot from March to May in spring, and most bamboo species basically complete high growth in June, and a large number of whips grow from August to September. After entering 1 1 month, their physiological activities gradually slow down, and in February of the following year, with the increase of temperature, according to this growth rhythm, the ideal planting season of loose bamboo should be from June 10 to February of the following year, especially Xiaoyangchun in June 10. Bamboo is planted in winter from 1 1 to 65438+February. Although the rainfall is less and the weather is dry, the physiological activities of bamboo are weakened, the transpiration is not strong, and the survival rate of bamboo planting is also high. In the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, bamboo can be used for afforestation in the rainy season in normal years. However, it is only suitable for short-distance transplanting, and the high survival rate can be guaranteed by taking soil from the root disk. Due to the severe winter in northern China, bamboo should be planted in autumn 10 and early spring in February. It is worth noting that bamboo should not be planted during the bamboo shoot period from March to May in spring. If you plant bamboo, it will move after rain. As long as the quality of mother bamboo is guaranteed, carefully managed and the water balance is maintained, it can be planted at any time except in hot and cold days. If container bamboo seedlings are used, bamboo can be planted in the north and south all year round to ensure survival. 2. Clustered bamboo: Generally, bamboo stalks germinate in March-May, and bamboo shoots appear in June-August. Clustered bamboo is not cold-tolerant. Therefore, it is best to plant clustered bamboos in February before the bamboo buds germinate and the bamboo liquid begins to flow. Similarly, if the management conditions are good or container bamboo seedlings are used, bamboo can also be planted all year round. 3. Mixed bamboos: The growth rhythm of mixed bamboos is between scattered bamboos and clustered bamboos, and bamboo shoots appear in May-July. 10- 12 autumn and winter and February-March spring are suitable for planting bamboos. 2. The arrangement of bamboo growing in the planting area requires that the soil depth is 50 ~ 100 cm (50cm for medium and small diameter bamboo and 80 ~ 100 cm for large diameter bamboo such as Phyllostachys pubescens), the soil is fertile, moist, sandy loam with good drainage and permeability, slightly acidic or neutral, the suitable pH value is 4.5 ~ 7.0, and the groundwater level is/kloc. Soil preparation is an important link before planting bamboo, which directly affects the quality of bamboo making and the speed of forest formation. The best soil preparation method is comprehensive soil preparation, that is, the planting land is thoroughly plowed to a depth of 30cm, and the stones, weeds, roots and other impurities in the soil are removed. If the soil is too sticky, saline-alkali soil or construction waste is too much, it should be improved by adding organic fertilizer, changing soil or filling guest soil. After clearing the land, you can dig planting pits. The density and specifications of planting holes depend on different bamboo species, bamboo seedling specifications and engineering requirements. In landscaping projects, there are generally 3-4 bamboos with small and medium diameters per square meter, with a spacing of 50-60 cm. The specifications for planting holes are 40 cm long, 40 cm wide and 30 cm deep. Third, the requirements for mother bamboo The quality of mother bamboo has a great influence on the quality of bamboo making. High-quality mother bamboo is easy to survive and become a forest, while inferior mother bamboo is difficult to survive and become a forest. The quality of mother bamboo is mainly reflected in age, thickness, growth and soil ball size. ① Age of mother bamboo: It is best to be born in the same year to 2 years. Because the bamboo whips connected with the mother bamboos from that year to 2 years old are generally in the prime of life, with full buds and sound roots, it is easy to plant and grow new bamboos and new whips, and the forest is faster. Old bamboo (more than 3 years old) is not suitable for mother bamboo. ② Thickness of mother bamboo: DBH 2 ~ 3cm for medium-diameter bamboo (such as chicken-fed bamboo and early garden bamboo) and 1 ~ 2~3cm for small-diameter bamboo (such as purple bamboo, gold-inlaid jade bamboo and spotted bamboo). (3) The mother bamboo should be robust, with low branches and lush foliage, without signs of diseases and insect pests and flowering. ④ The diameter of soil ball should be 25 ~ 30cm. If the soil ball is too small, the mother bamboo will easily lose too much water, which will reduce its survival, short bamboo whip, few roots and slow forest formation. If the soil ball is too big, it is inconvenient to transport. Small and medium-sized ornamental bamboos usually grow densely, and several branches can be dug together as "plant" mother bamboos. The specific requirements are: 65438+ 0 ~ 2 scattered bamboos per plant, 2 ~ 4 miscellaneous bamboos per plant, and the clustered bamboos can be dug up and divided into 3 ~ 5 in each cluster. After the mother bamboo is dug out, it is generally necessary to cut off the bamboo shoots, keep 4 ~ 5 branches, and trim the branches and leaves that are too dense to reduce water evaporation and improve the survival rate of planting. When the mother bamboo is transported for a long distance, if the soil ball is loose, it must be wrapped, and the soil ball must be wrapped with straw, woven bag, etc. After loading, spray a small amount of water on the bamboo leaves, and then cover the bamboo with tarpaulin to prevent the wind from blowing and reduce water loss. Short-distance transportation does not need to wrap the mother bamboo, but it is necessary to prevent the damage of whip buds and "screws" and the shock of the host soil. Fourth, the planting of mother bamboo After the mother bamboo is transported to the planting place, it should be planted immediately. Bamboo should be planted shallow, not deep, and the surface of the root disk of the mother bamboo should be 3 ~ 5 cm lower than the surface of the planting hole. First, the topsoil or organic fertilizer is mixed with topsoil and then backfilled in the planting hole, which is generally 10cm thick. Then remove the bandaging of the mother bamboo root disk, put the mother bamboo into the hole, keep the root disk parallel to the ground, make the whip root stretch, and the lower part is closely connected with the soil. Then, fill in the surface soil first, then fill in the core soil, pick up impurities such as stones and roots, and tie them firmly layer by layer, so that the roots are closely connected with the soil. Be careful not to hurt the whip bud during filling. Then pour enough "root-fixing water" to further connect the root system with the soil. When all the water permeates into the soil, cover it with a layer of loose soil and pile it in the shape of steamed bread at the root of the bamboo pole. Finally, a layer of straw can be covered on the steamed bun-shaped mound to prevent the water in the planting hole from evaporating. If the mother bamboo is relatively high, or in a windy place, it is necessary to add a support frame to prevent the bamboo pole from shaking, and the root can not be closely connected with the soil, thus reducing the survival rate.