How to raise nine-section orchids well?

The nickname of nine-section orchid is cymbidium.

I. Cultivation techniques

1, open space

This method is suitable for introduction and domestication of wild orchids.

Methods: Select plots with good drainage, sufficient sunshine and good ventilation. The width of the seedbed is1.2m ~1.5m, and the height is 30 ~ 40cm. Shading nets should be laid in summer and autumn, with a height of 2.5 m as well. Use plastic shed for heating in winter, and the temperature in the shed shall not be lower than 0℃.

2. Blue room

This method is suitable for cultivating excellent orchids.

Methods: 3 m×7 m frame solar greenhouse was selected as the standard blue room. The greenhouse is equipped with a temperature and humidity control system, and a double-layer sunshade net is used outside the greenhouse. In spring, attention should be paid to ventilation, anti-corrosion and flowering management, and pest control should be done well. It is advisable to keep the blue room temperature at about 65438 00℃. In summer, attention should be paid to ventilation, shading, cooling, and insect prevention, and the indoor temperature should be kept at about 30℃. Pay attention to humidity management in autumn, and the indoor relative humidity should be kept at 60%~70%, and pay attention to flower bud management; It is very important to keep warm and prevent freezing in winter, and it is advisable to keep the room temperature above 5℃.

3, ramet propagation

Generally, it is appropriate to plant seedlings for 2 ~3 years, and the time for dividing plants is March ~ April or 9 ~ 10 every year. The substrate should be loose, fertile, breathable, drained, free from zoonosis, pollution, fever, dryness and water accumulation. The PH value is 5.5~6.5. Before use, it should be exposed to the sun or disinfected with drugs.

Factory division steps:

Pot transfer: Tilt potted orchids for ramet propagation, pat the pot body, and gradually remove the plants and substrates together, paying attention to protecting the leaves and roots.

Seedling raising: use tools to propagate orchids planted on the ground, and be careful not to damage roots and buds.

Division: Hold the base of pseudobulb, find out the division point between orchid plants, and cut it with sterile scissors. It is best to have at least two orchids after each plant is divided.

Pruning: Cut off empty roots, rotten roots, broken roots, dead leaves and dry leaf sheaths on the pseudobulb, and also cut off leafless, withered and rotten pseudobulb.

Disinfection: The trimmed wound should be coated with sulfur powder or charcoal powder or thiophanate-methyl powder for disinfection and dried properly.

Second, the cultivation equipment

Flower pot:

Special plastic basin for orchids: suitable for large-scale and wide-ranging orchid cultivation.

2. Purple sand basin: suitable for planting famous products. Before use, soak the new basin in water for more than one day.

3. Tile basin: suitable for planting alpine orchids and general varieties. Before use, soak the new basin in water for more than one day.

Culture tools: 3-mesh and 6-mesh sieves; Sprinkler; Sprayer; Water pump; Fan; Water container; Nozzle; Measuring cup; Scissors; Labels (if necessary); Others: including hydrophobic cover, hygrometer, photometer, pH meter, EC meter, etc.

Third, the cultivation step

1, planting

Impurity removal: cut off diseased roots and rotten roots with disinfection scissors, and clean up blue roots, beetles and leaves. Clean up weeds and impurities in the planting site.

Disinfection: expose the plant materials in the sun for more than 3 days for disinfection, or soak them in a bactericidal and insecticidal solution such as thiophanate methyl. Soaking the blue seedling bactericide for 20-30 minutes according to the usage ratio,

Take out the seedlings and dry them. When the root is soft, it can be cooked.

Padding basin: put a drainage cover on the basin bottom in advance, and pad the basin bottom with selected coarse plant materials, the thickness of which is one third of the height of the basin.

Planting: combing the root groups, and slowly loading the middle-level planting materials prepared in advance into the basin. Put down the pseudobulb and slowly lift the orchid with the filler of plant materials. Shallow planting is appropriate.

Laying: After the orchids are shaped, less than two-thirds of pseudobulb will be covered with high-quality planting materials. The basin surface can be covered with Cuiyuncao or water moss to keep the orchid plants moist and warm.

water

Time: water in summer night; Water in winter should be done in sunny afternoon; Water during the day in spring and autumn.

Humidity: the humidity in the air is low, so there is more water; On the contrary, if the humidity is high, there is less water.

Temperature: The higher the temperature, the more watering times, and vice versa.

Seasons: there is more water demand in summer, less or no water demand in rainy season, less water demand in cold winter, less water demand in early spring with lower temperature, more water demand in late spring with mild climate in germination period, and more water demand in dry autumn.

Weather: water more on sunny days, less on cloudy days, and no water on rainy and snowy days.

Step 3 apply fertilizer

Base fertilizer: slow-release orchid special fertilizer or organic fertilizer should be selected and mixed with substrate.

Top dressing: root irrigation and foliar spraying. Root irrigation mainly adopts irrigation and spraying; Leaf spraying should use water-soluble liquid fertilizer.

Time: The fertilization time should be March-June, 9-165438+1October. Nitrogen fertilizer is mainly applied when seedlings grow, and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer are mainly applied when flower buds differentiate.

Daylighting: Full sunlight is acceptable in spring, and the shading rate should be above 70% in early summer or autumn, and above 80% in summer.

Temperature: The suitable temperature for the growth of Cymbidium hybridum is 20℃~30℃. The daytime temperature is 10℃~℃, and the nighttime temperature is 5℃~ 10℃ for the winter dormancy period. Cymbidium hybridum -4℃ is the limit of low temperature tolerance. The vernalization temperature is 0℃~5℃.

Humidity: The relative humidity suitable for growth is 60%~75%.

Fourth, pest control.

1, disease

2. Pests

Reference: Good Search Encyclopedia Chunlan