What are some good mind maps for high school geography?

For the mind map of the complete volume of Geography High School, refer to the "High School Mind Map Efficient Learning Template" edited by Professor Liu Zhuoyuan from the East China Normal University thinking visualization research team, liberal arts edition, Chinese, mathematics, English, history, Geography, politics, all the contents of the six major subjects in the third academic year are included. I also downloaded the high school geography subject mind map from Professor Liu’s Sina blog:

1. Identification of regions

Regional geography questions generally use annotated latitude and longitude maps, partial political district maps, maps containing special geographical objects and annotations (such as lakes, rivers, etc.), geographical charts, data, Text descriptions, etc. are the "background" on which questions are asked and corresponding requirements for selection and question-and-answer are put forward.

To answer such regional geography questions, you must first read the "background" materials (maps, charts, images, text, etc.), extract effective information from them, and accurately analyze the areas involved in the questions. identification. Therefore, "identification of the area" is the prerequisite for correct problem solving.

2. Comparison and analysis of regions

The test questions provide information in the form of maps, diagrams, charts, materials, texts, etc. This information includes geographical location, terrain, climate, meteorology, resources, energy and other natural aspects, as well as Humanistic content such as administrative regions, population, cities, agriculture, agricultural products, industry, industrial products, environment and environmental issues, regional development and development, etc. The questions require candidates to analyze and compare the background materials provided or displayed to answer relevant questions. From the college entrance examination questions in recent years, we can see that: regional comparison and analysis are the process of using the information or "conditions" provided by the questions to combine information and identify the correct options for setting the questions; , carry out complex thinking activities such as integrating knowledge and organizing answers. The content of comparison and analysis is mostly the comparison and analysis of regional elements; the comparison and analysis of regional characteristics; the comparison and analysis of the causes of characteristics; the identification, comparison and analysis of regional differences. In the process of regional comparison and analysis, the theories related to physical geography and human geography learned in high school geography are often used.

Edit this paragraph | Return to top requirements: The review of regional geography has the characteristics of basic and common sense, as well as comprehensive characteristics. The review in the senior year of high school should start from regional geography and finally return to the region. Starting from the region means arranging to review regional geography before high school geography review, that is, the relevant content of Chinese geography and world geography in junior high school. The review at this time highlights the basics and common sense, requiring students to remember and understand on the basis of understanding. Master some important geographical things, geographical boundaries and important regional characteristics to lay the foundation for systematic geography review. For example, the location, scope and outline of my country and eight countries in the world, as well as important longitudes and latitudes and the regions and countries they pass through, etc. are required in the college entrance examination instructions. The main reason for returning to regions is that regions have comprehensive characteristics. Any region is a complex composed of multiple natural, social, and economic factors. Especially the second volume of the geography elective course is about land remediation in the context of Chinese regions. Therefore, regional geography naturally becomes the starting point for college entrance examination propositions, and the social hot spots involved in the college entrance examination are themselves regional. Therefore, the senior high school review uses area as the basis for synthesizing and applying knowledge to help students gradually develop the ability to comprehensively analyze, discover and solve problems.

1. Construct a "map in the mind" of teachers and students

When they first start reviewing geography, students often ignore the use of geographical charts and are only interested in the text in the textbook. In the Geography College Entrance Examination, various geographical maps and tables play an important role (there were ***34 various geographical charts and graphs in the 1999 College Entrance Examination). Teachers should emphasize to students from time to time that the key to learning geography well is to learn geographic charts, especially maps. Students should be asked to regularly fill in geographical charts so that they can develop the habit of using charts to assist their thinking and memory. Especially when reviewing content about longitude and latitude lines, time zone calculations, solar altitude angles, geographical distribution of China and the world, climate, etc., charts play an irreplaceable role.

By filling in a large number of maps, we can help students form a "map in their mind" as soon as possible, which will make students' future learning more effective.

2. Use maps to "understand" regions

To review regional geography, it is important to construct the spatial concepts of Chinese geography and world geography. Implement the natural and human aspects involved in regional geography on the corresponding map. It is necessary to use maps to grasp the spatial distribution, spatial structure, spatial connections and spatial differences of geographical things. It is also necessary to clarify the changing processes and laws of the spatial development of geographical things.

Using maps, the review of "understanding" areas should be detailed rather than rough. The review of the general geography and divisions of China, the general introduction and divisions of world geography, and the review of key countries should be done one by one on Jingwei.com Carry out drawing training on blank pictures. Students are required to be able to correctly identify area maps regardless of their size or detailed content.

3． Review that highlights regional characteristics and differences

Regional geography review should also compile a corresponding knowledge structure based on the characteristics of the content and knowledge system, and use the knowledge structure to conduct a comprehensive and systematic review and highlight the "main" content mastery.

The comprehensiveness and regionality of geography are its outstanding features.

The interconnectedness of various geographical elements within the region, the regional geographical characteristics formed in the interaction, and the obvious differences between various regions are the key points that must be highlighted in regional geography review.

4. It is necessary to adhere to the integration of theory and practice

The college entrance examination is dominated by ability tests, which examine students' mastery of basic knowledge and basic skills of relevant courses they have learned, and their ability to comprehensively apply the knowledge they have learned to analyze and solve practical problems. The college entrance examination pays more attention to "hot" issues and attaches great importance to integrating theory with practice.

Our country has a vast territory, and each region develops its economy according to local conditions. Many important principles and policies issued by the country and many major projects in regional development have not been compiled into textbooks, but these major "geographic current events" may become "material" for propositions. For example, the western development, west-to-east gas transmission, west-to-east electricity transmission, south-to-north water diversion, etc. have been reflected to varying degrees in the college entrance examination questions in the past two years.

Abroad, some important "international current affairs" content and some "hot spots" should also be paid close attention to during regional review.

It is recommended that candidates continue to watch the "Xinwen Lianbo" TV program every day and pay attention to major domestic and international events in a timely manner.

5. Review of special topics, combine lectures with practice, focus on practice

According to the specific situation, the topics may be large or small, and they are not limited to one pattern. As long as it is conducive to students' mastery, they can be set up Topics. It can be a knowledge-generating topic, such as "Lake", "Island", "The Most", etc., or it can be a method-based topic, such as "Answering Methods for Multiple Choice Questions", "Image Analysis" topics, etc.

We can divide the topics into two categories: declarative topics and practice topics. For some topics that are difficult or too time-consuming to summarize due to students' limited ability, teachers can write down the knowledge in declarative sentences and print them out to students. Most of the topics should be given to students in the form of exercises for them to do by themselves. Teachers carefully prepare questions or prompts and students summarize them. In this way, students' learning enthusiasm will be effectively mobilized and the learning effect will be more significant. In these topics, the training of geographical skills should be reflected to encourage students to practice, master and apply necessary geographical skills proficiently, and deepen the understanding and memory of knowledge while practicing.

6. Practice questions should be selected

During the regional geography review process, it is necessary to do some practice questions related to the content. Candidates are required to select the practice questions they have completed (it is recommended that the classroom teacher help with the selection).

The selected topic should have a clear purpose and clear objectives. The situation setting and question angle of the test questions are clever, scientific, reasonable and appropriate. The materials and data used in the question are accurate; the maps and charts involved in the question are standardized and clearly marked; the answers to the questions are accurate and stated in a standardized manner.

In the comprehensive review stage, teachers need to prepare a series of comprehensive exercises in a targeted manner. The comprehensive exercises should not be too deep or too difficult. Provide timely comments on exercises and check for deficiencies. Do a good job in psychological counseling of students, adjust their psychological quality, and improve their ability to take exams.

Candidates should emphasize practical results when doing exercises. They should check their mastery of the basic knowledge and basic skills they have learned by doing exercises, so as to improve their ability to use the knowledge they have learned to analyze and solve practical problems.

Edit this paragraph | Return to the top for specific content analysis (1) China’s territory, administrative divisions and ethnic groups

Propositional trends

⑴Geographic location and Its superiority

⑵ Territorial composition: territorial area and four solstice points; territorial sea, inland sea and sea areas under national jurisdiction; major peninsulas, islands, straits and distribution

⑶ Neighboring countries on land and countries across the sea

⑷Administrative divisions: the establishment of three-level administrative divisions, the names, abbreviations, administrative centers and locations of 34 provincial administrative units

⑸China is A unified multi-ethnic country. The characteristics of the distribution of ethnic groups in my country and the regional distribution of major ethnic minorities

When making propositions, this part of knowledge is often combined with topography, climate, transportation lines, industrial and agricultural production, commerce and tourism, etc.; at the same time, it is also It is often used as an entry point for hot topics in current affairs to examine issues related to politics, current affairs, history, and future planning and development, and has great flexibility.

(2) China's topography and climate

Propositional trend

(1) The overall characteristics of China's topography, the characteristics and distribution of various types of topography. The division of terrain ladders and the main terrain areas of each ladder level

⑵ Mountains are important geographical boundaries in my country. Such as terrain ladder boundaries, river basin boundaries, monsoon and non-monsoon area boundaries, temperature zone boundaries, mountains passing through the 0°C isotherm in January and the 800mm annual precipitation line, etc.

⑶ The impact of terrain on our country Impact of the natural environment. The main impact of various types of terrain on economic development

⑷Distribution of seismic zones and volcanoes in China

⑸Winter and summer temperature distribution characteristics and their causes, temperature zones

⑹ Distribution characteristics of annual precipitation and its causes. The impact of monsoon activities on precipitation and seasonal changes in precipitation.

Monsoon areas and non-monsoon areas, dry and wet areas

⑺Main characteristics of climate and its impact on production and life

⑻Main disaster weather and its impact on production and life< /p>

⑼Weather forecast knowledge