Geographical environment of Xinfeng county

Xinfeng geology has experienced many crustal tectonic movements, forming a series of complex geological structures, which interfere with each other and

Geographical environment of Xinfeng county

Xinfeng geology has experienced many crustal tectonic movements, forming a series of complex geological structures, which interfere with each other and are complicated. In structural position, it is located at the intersection of east-west structure and Neocathaysian depression belt, on the pre-tensioned wings of Gannan mountain type and on the west side of horseshoe-shaped geology. From the analysis of the layout and relationship of structural traces, it can be roughly divided into: East-West Cathaysian system, New Cathaysian system, NW-trending and N-S-trending structural systems or belts, in which NE-trending, NE-trending and NW-trending faults are the most developed, followed by EW-trending faults. Judging from the strength and density of folds and faults, they are all strong in the south and weak in the north, strong in the east and weak in the west. Due to these reasons, multi-morphological geological characteristics have been formed.

Except Ordovician, Silurian, Lower Devonian and Tertiary strata, all strata in Xinfeng County are exposed, and the exposure time is from pre-Paleozoic to Cenozoic. The strata of Sinian, Cambrian and Middle-Upper Devonian are mainly exposed around the red bed basin, forming low mountain and hilly terrain. Carboniferous and Permian strata are exposed at the edge of red bed basin, which are distributed in islands and strips; Triassic and Jurassic strata are exposed in Tieshikou, Gao Qiao, Xintian and Jinji respectively. The Cretaceous strata have the largest distribution area, forming low mountains and hills; Quaternary is developed in Taojiang River and its main tributaries, banks and valley basins.

There are more than 10 rock masses in Xinfeng county, mainly intrusive rocks in late Caledonian and early Yanshan. The former is exposed in Niujing and the area from Zhengping to Tieshikou, and its lithology is mainly medium-fine amphibole syenite and medium-fine adamellite. The latter is widely distributed, widely exposed in Anxi, Jinpenshan and Hushan, and sporadically exposed in other places. Its lithology is mainly granite (medium grained porphyry biotite granite, fine grained granite, medium grained biotite granite, granite porphyry, medium grained biotite granite). In addition, there are some basic acidic extrusive rocks in the territory. Xinfeng terrain inclines from south to north, with high surrounding and low middle, showing basin topography. The internal altitude varies greatly, the highest point is Hushan headland, with an altitude of1015.7m; The lowest place is Wuyang Village, Xiniu Town, with an altitude of 135 meters; Generally, the altitude is between 200 and 400 meters. The edge of this county is rugged and mountainous. Taojiang River in the middle runs through the north and south, with tributaries converging and gentle water potential. There are about 600 square kilometers of low hills, gentle slopes and wide valleys and farmland in the central part of the territory.

The general topographical structure is as follows: the east and south, the northwest are low mountains, the southwest and north are low hills, and the central area is mostly low hills and plains, forming a terrain inclined from south to north.

The topography of Xinfeng county can be summarized into two categories: hilly basins and middle and low mountains and high hills.

1. Terrain of the hilly basin The terrain of the Tertiary red faulted basin is relatively open. It starts from Niuhuangni and Shuangxikou in the west in the north, reaches Longshe, Gupi and Shi Ping in Jiading in the east, reaches Daposhui and Niukouwei in the small river of Datang Port in the south, and is connected with Nanxiong Basin by the gap from Jiudu Yaliao to Yangmeigang in the west. Shantou-shaped high hills and low hills are located between the basin edge and the basin center, and most of them are annular around the basin edge, with Xingxing Village in the west, Gupi in Shi Ping, and Gupi in Bandung and Datang. The center of the basin is mostly Fangshan and Table Mountain, with Datang Port and Zhengping Town. The rolling hills and single-sided mountains are widely distributed, such as Changgang in the north of Datang Buwei, Longgang in the east, Man Jing, Aobei, Dawuling, Xiniu and xiaohe town in Shi Ping. Granite erosion basin is a steamed bread-shaped undulating hilly basin with a small scale, which is distributed in Anxi, Niujing, Longshe, Ma Yang, Longzhou and other places. Metamorphic rocks erode the topography of the basin, and the bottom of the basin is flat, covered by river alluvium and distributed in Chongxian and other places. Valley terraces are distributed on both sides of Taojiang River and its tributaries, with alluvial plains and terraces, which are agricultural production, residential areas and transportation areas. The second is the middle and low mountains and high hills. Zhongshan terrain is composed of granite. Zhongshan terrain is distributed in the mountainous area at the junction of Xinfeng County, Anyuan City and Nanxiong City. The mountain is blocky, and the top of the mountain is mostly hammer-shaped, with steep slope. The terrain of Zhongshan, which is composed of metamorphic rock series, is small, with only Tuopo Point and Niugu Point in the east and Luoshan in the northwest. The mountainous terrain is composed of granite with low mountains and high hills, which are mainly distributed in Bijia Mountain in Anxi, Ejiao Ridge in Aigao, Gaofengzhai and Jixinzhai in Youshan. The low mountain terrain composed of metamorphic rocks is generally distributed in the border mountains between counties, with a steep slope of 25 ~ 35; The top of the mountain is solid, the valley is serrated, the valley is deep and the valley is canyon-shaped. The hilly terrain is composed of granite, which is distributed in Longzhou and Aigao. The top of the mountain is round and divided into isolated steamed buns. The high hills composed of metamorphic rocks are widely distributed in Xiaojiang and Chongxian areas, as well as the periphery of low mountain areas such as Bandung, south of Datang Port, Jinpenshan and Xintian. Xinfeng is located in the East Asian monsoon region, with mild climate, abundant sunshine, sufficient heat and abundant rainfall. It belongs to subtropical monsoon humid climate, and has the characteristics of obvious changes in four seasons, short spring and autumn, long summer and winter, short ice and snow period, long frost-free period, hot summer and few winter in ciel phantomhive. At the turn of winter and spring, it is mostly influenced by Siberian dry cold air, with changeable climate and continuous rain; Sheng Xia Zhishi is mostly controlled by the Pacific subtropical high, with a hot climate and little rain, and is occasionally affected by typhoons; In autumn, due to the weakening of the Pacific subtropical high, it is crisp in autumn, often dry, and the temperature difference between day and night is large; After winter, the temperature drops gradually, the climate is dry and cold, and sometimes frost occurs.

Four seasons change

Xinfeng county has a complex terrain, surrounded by mountains and low hills in the middle. Because of the complex and diverse topography and the redistribution of light, heat and water resources, the three-dimensional climate is more obvious.

spring

Spring is mild and rainy. According to the observation of county meteorological observatory, the average temperature is 14.0℃ in March, 20. 1℃ in April and 24.0℃ in May. However, Jinpenshan and Hushan Xiaozhai (3 10/0m above sea level) located in mountainous areas come later in spring, with an average temperature of 13.9℃ in March, 18.7℃ in April and 22.4℃ in May. Affected by cold air from March to April, Xinfeng County has always had a "cold spring". Every year from March, it rains continuously and enters the rainy season. Average precipitation measured at county stations: March 187.6 mm, April 2010.6 mm, and May 2 15.2 mm.. In some years, heavy rains continue, and the water level of rivers and streams rises sharply, causing floods.

summer

It is very hot in summer and there are many thunderstorms. The county station measured the average temperature of 26.9℃ in June, 28.9℃ in July and 28.3℃ in August. During the day, the temperature is high, with the extreme maximum temperature of 40℃ over the years, which is a hot summer season in a year. However, the average temperature in Jinpenshan and Hushan Xiaozhai in remote mountainous areas is 24 ~ 26℃ from June to August, which is relatively cool. The average precipitation at Xinfeng County Station is 22 1.6 mm in June, 133.3 mm in July and 152.8 mm in August ... Generally speaking, the average precipitation in mountainous areas is more than that in valley plain areas. The end of the flood season in Xinfeng County is generally in early July, and the earliest year is advanced to the end of May. If there is heavy rain before the end of the flood season, it is easy to form a flood.

autumn

Autumn is warm and cool, with little precipitation. The average temperature at the county station in September is 25.4℃, 10,21.1℃,10/0/5.9℃. The average temperature of Hushan Xiaozhai in September is 23.3℃, 10.0℃, 10.0℃,10/4.0℃. Cold dew wind can appear in late September, the earliest year appears on September 26th, and the average dates are 10 and 12, and the last year is 1 13. Autumn precipitation is scarce, and autumn drought often occurs. Some years are also dry in summer and dry in autumn. The average precipitation of county stations in September is 92.9 mm,1October 65438+48.0 mm,1October 165438+43.4 mm. Only a few years later, when the typhoon arrives in Xinfeng county, will there be heavy rain to heavy rain, causing flash floods.

winter

Winter is dry and cold, with frost and snow. The county station has 93 days in winter (65438+February 7th to March 9th every year), and Hushan Xiaozhai 108 days (165438+1October 27th to March 14). 65438+February county station average temperature 10.6℃,1October 65438+8.9℃, February 10.6℃. Hushan Xiaozhai is 65438+9.7℃ in February,165438+7.5℃ in October and 9.3℃ in February. There is little precipitation in winter, and there is little difference in Xinfeng County. The average precipitation of county station in June 5438+February is only 37.9 mm, 1 October 65438+66.3 mm, and February 103.2 mm. There may be solid precipitation in winter when the temperature is low, but the ground snow is not common, and the average number of snow days over the years is less than1day. The number of frost days is expressed in county stations, with an average of 1 1 day. Xinfeng old county records the climate: "after the first month of rain, there are more cloudy days and fewer sunny days;" During the rainstorm in March and April, the stream overflowed; Around May every year, floods intercropped, ranging from small irrigation to large damage to crops, and even houses along the river were mostly washed away; After the summer solstice, the clouds in Chen Lei are densely covered, and when the rain does not move, it changes every one or two miles; In winter, the cloudy days are continuous and less broken, and the clouds are collected and the mountains are not scattered for ten days. " It also says: "The autumn frost is late, the winter ice is thin, and the snow age is only two or three days. "

temperature

The first day of spring in Xinfeng County appears on average in March 1 1, and lasts for 70 days (the first day when the daily average temperature passes 10℃ starts in Spring Festival travel rush). The average summer start date appears on May 30th, and lasts for 133 days (the day after the average daily temperature stably passes 22℃ is the summer start date). The start date of autumn appears on September 30th and lasts for 64 days on average (the start date of autumn festival is the day when the average daily temperature passes through 22℃ stably). The start date of winter appeared on the average of 65438+February 3rd, lasting for 98 days (the last day after the average daily temperature passed 10℃ was added as the start date of winter festival). The above four seasons are divided by the average temperature. The county has about two and a half months in spring, four and a half months in summer, two months in autumn and three months in winter. Spring comes early, summer is long, autumn is short and winter is late, which is one of the characteristics of Xinfeng four seasons.

deposit

The average annual rainfall in Xinfeng County is 1, 500- 1, 600 mm, the measured rainfall in wet year (2002) is 2000-2200 mm, and the rainfall in dry year (1, 996,5438+0) is still 950-/. From April to June, due to the alternating influence of cold and warm air currents, there is a lot of rainfall, which becomes the rainy season. During this period, the average annual rainfall in Xinfeng County is 638.4 mm, accounting for 42% of the annual rainfall, which often causes floods. However, from July to September, the temperature is high, the rainfall is low, the evaporation is large, and droughts often occur in summer and autumn. During this period, the average annual rainfall was 379.0mm, accounting for 25% of the annual rainfall. The rainfall is the highest in June and the lowest in11-65438+February. The precipitation from July to September mainly depends on typhoons and local geothermal thunderstorms, and it is sunny, hot and high temperature most of the time.

The average annual rainfall days in Xinfeng are 16 1 day, the maximum annual rainfall days are 190 days and the minimum annual rainfall days are 135 days. The longest continuous rainfall days is 24 days, with a total rainfall of 430mm. The maximum daily rainfall is 1 14.2 mm, which occurred on May 2 1993. The longest continuous rainless day is 43 days.

evaporate

The annual average evaporation of Xinfeng is 1587.4 mm, and the maximum evaporation is from July to August, which are 230.6 mm and 209.6 mm respectively. The minimum evaporation from June to February is 65.0 mm and 66.5 mm respectively.

Wind direction and speed

In Xinfeng county, northerly winds blow in April1-and September-65438+February, followed by northwest winds; From May to August, southerly winds blow, followed by southerly winds. The annual average monthly wind speed is 1 .5-2.5 m/s. The annual average windy days are less than1day. The maximum wind speed over the years was 30m/s (the wind reached 1 1), which appeared on April 3rd 1990. Xinfeng has 7 species of national key protected wild plants, among which the first-class protection is: Taxus mairei and Ginkgo biloba; The secondary protection is Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. , Cinnamomum camphora, Pterocarya stenoptera, Pterocarya stenoptera, Golden Hair.

Among Xinfeng's animal resources, the wild animals protected by the state are: birds: mandarin duck, black-crowned cuckoo falcon, (black) kite, goshawk, red-bellied eagle, crested eagle (only found in Xinfeng County, Ganzhou City), carved eagle, peregrine falcon, swallow falcon, brown-winged cuckoo, grass owl, collar owl and carved owl. Animals: jackals, civets, spotted civets, clouded leopards, leopards, water deer, sumen antelope, pangolins. Amphibians: tiger frog. Reptiles: pythons. Provincial protected wild animals are: birds: small? Riviera, (common) cormorants, egrets, cattle-backed egrets, life birds (only in Ganzhou), egrets, (China) partridges, white-fronted mountain partridges, grey-breasted bamboo chickens, ring-necked pheasants. Animals: yellow-bellied weasel, weasel, weasel badger, colored raccoon, leopard cat, muntjac. Amphibians: Bufo sinensis, Rana nigromaculata, Rana spinosa. Reptiles: Flat-breasted turtle, soft-shelled turtle, king snake, squirrel snake, Zaocys, Bungars, Cobra. Xinfeng county mainly has several major industries, such as high-quality rice, tobacco leaves, sugarcane, edible fungi, commercial vegetables, sweet corn, lean pigs, watermelon (red melon seeds), characteristic breeding, Chinese herbal medicines, radish and so on, basically forming an industrial pattern of one product in one town and one product in one village. We have established sweet corn bases in Daan, Gupi and Da Qiao, high-quality rice bases in Jiading, Daan and Xiaohe, watermelon bases in Anxi, Hushan and Bandung, Chinese herbal medicine bases in Daan and Xiaojiang, radish bases along Taojiang River, and lean pig breeding bases in Daan, Jiading and Xiniu.

There are many agricultural and sideline products in Xinfeng county, and navel orange, flue-cured tobacco, straw mushroom, red melon seeds, medical stone wine, radish and other famous products have long enjoyed a good reputation.

By 20 12, Xinfeng county has a forest area of 3.02 million mu, a standing stock of 3.2 million m3, various tree species and excellent materials, and is the main forest area in southern Jiangxi. Xinfeng is the "hometown of navel oranges in China", and navel oranges, flue-cured tobacco, red melon seeds, radishes and sweet corn, which are known as the "four specialties", are the main raw materials of food industry in this county.

In 20 12, the total output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery services was 3.576 billion yuan, an increase of 5% over the previous year. Among them, the agricultural output value was 65.438+82.6 million yuan, an increase of 2.6%; The forestry output value was 2190,000 yuan, an increase of 8.4%; The output value of animal husbandry was 65.438+0.204 billion yuan, an increase of 6.8%; The fishery output value was 299 million yuan, up by 4.1%; The output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery services was 28 million yuan, an increase of 2.9%. The grain planting area was 727,700 mu, an increase of 0.05% over the previous year. The peanut area was 73,200 mu, increasing by1.67%; The area of tobacco leaves was 65438 08900 mu, an increase of 3.47%; Vegetable planting area 18.05438+0 million mu, an increase of 0.58%; The orchard area was 309,800 mu, up by 0.69%, of which the navel orange area was 285,800 mu, up by 0.39%. The total grain output was 266,300 tons, an increase of 0.35% over the previous year; The vegetable output was 2910.2 million tons, an increase of 0.49%; The output of garden fruits was169,400 tons, down by 1.37%, among which the output of navel oranges was157,700 tons, down by 1.25%. Xinfeng county has initially formed five leading industries: building materials, knitwear, electronics, food processing and pharmacy. Developed products with market competitiveness, such as Luyuan MDF, Shi Gan Maifanshi Liquor, Maifanshi Mineral Water, Santa Cement, Acer Cement, Qianxi Tablet, Shenxiang Tablet, Lucky Radish Crisp, etc. Among them, Luyuan MDF won the title of "Jiangxi Famous Brand Product"; "Shengda" brand cement was awarded "national inspection-free product"; "Xinfeng navel orange" means that the trademark has been passed and a "green card" has been obtained. Xinfeng county has more than 1000 tertiary industry enterprises. 20 10, Jiangxi Xinfeng Xin Ming Ginkgo Industrial Co., Ltd. was awarded a famous trademark in Jiangxi Province and a municipal leading enterprise.

The famous Gannan medical stone in China is rich in reserves and excellent in quality, mainly concentrated in Jinpenshan, the county; The proven reserves of coal resources have reached more than 70 million tons, ranking first in Ganzhou City. There are many kinds of rare earths, including mixed rare earth oxides rich in yttrium and europium, and the main chemical components are in the leading position in China.

By 20 12, Xinfeng county had initially formed a complete industrial system of food, building materials, clothing, pharmacy, coal, chemical industry, forest products and rare earth. Xinfeng county has 488 industrial enterprises with 28,333 employees. Products such as "Iron Stone", "Three Towers" cement, Maifanshi wine, Qianxi tablets, Shenxiang tablets, and "Mori's" clothing have been rated as national, ministerial and provincial excellent products, becoming national and provincial famous brands.

industrial park

Since its establishment in September, 20001,Xinfeng industrial park has completed an infrastructure investment of 3180,000 yuan and a development area of 6.70 square kilometers. The park has formed a trend of 40 kilometers of water, electricity, roads and information unobstructed. It is one of the 24 key industrial parks in Jiangxi Province, and is listed as a provincial circular economy pilot park and a private science and technology park by the provincial government.

In 2004, the industrial park was rated as "Key Industrial Park" and "Benefit Advanced Industrial Park" by Ganzhou Municipal Government. The 105 national highway from Beijing to Zhuhai passes through five towns in the county, reaching Ganzhou, Nanchang, Fuyang, Shangqiu and Beijing in the north and Guangzhou and Zhuhai in the south. By 2009, 6 provincial highways and 33 county and township highways had all been paved with oil (concrete). The provincial roads of the headmaster, Xiong Xin and Xinchi run through 9 towns in the county, with a total length of more than 90 kilometers.

Jiangxi-Guangdong Expressway runs through the county for more than 60 kilometers. There are buses and buses from the county bus station to Ganzhou, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Nanhai, Zhongshan, Jieyang and Shaoguan every day. 20 1 1 Xinfeng County has many sports associations such as Qigong, croquet, fishing and homing pigeons 10, and amateur sports schools 1 0. Starting from 1990, * * * won 3 gold, silver and bronze medals in the national competition, 4 1 in the provincial competition and 160 in the prefecture (city) competition.

At the end of 20 12, there were 656 health institutions in Xinfeng county, including 3/kloc-0 hospitals. There are beds 1077, health technicians 1028, including 4 medical practitioners12, assistant medical practitioners 102, 438 registered nurses and pharmacists1kloc-0/0. In 20 12, ordinary high schools in Xinfeng county enrolled 3749 students, including 8788 students and 2300 graduates. There are 9,287 junior high school students, 27,963 students and 93 19 graduates. Secondary vocational education enrolled 2005 students, 3528 students and 982 graduates. Primary school enrollment 12934, with 67562 students and 9754 graduates. The primary school enrollment rate of school-age children is 100%, and the junior high school enrollment rate of school-age teenagers is 100%. The attainment rate of primary school teachers' academic qualifications reached 96. 16%, junior high school teachers' academic qualifications reached 93.5%, and senior high school teachers' academic qualifications reached 79.4%.

In 20 12, the county tea-picking troupe performed 266 performances; Xinfeng county film projection unit showed 4226 shows; The county cultural center trained 1.56 million people throughout the year; Public library 1 seat, with 78,900 books; There are 1 museum, which receives 9,000 visitors throughout the year. The coverage rate of broadcast population is 98%, the coverage rate of TV population is 98%, 260 villages have access to radio and 260 villages have access to TV, and the number of cable TV users has reached 46,500, an increase of 8,500 over last year.