Climatic conditions in Yili, Xinjiang

The extreme maximum temperature in Yili Prefecture is 42.8℃, and the extreme minimum temperature is -5 1.0℃, in which the annual average temperature in Yili Valley is 10.4℃, 8.7℃ in Tacheng and 5.8℃ in Altay. Annual average precipitation: 465,438+07.6 mm in Yili Valley, about 600 mm in mountainous area; Tacheng basin is 342.7 mm, and the mountainous area is about 400 mm;

Altay mountain area 202.6 mm; The rest area is 100-200mm. Annual average sunshine hours: 2898.4 hours in Yili Valley; Tacheng area 27 14.7 hours; Altay region 2976.8 hours.

Extended data

Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture is located in the hinterland of Central Asia, with many mountains, broad mountain plain basins and valleys, and "three mountains, two basins and two valleys" constitute the main geomorphic unit of the Autonomous Prefecture.

The Altay region in the northeast of the Autonomous Prefecture is the southern slope of the central Altay Mountain, which is about 500 kilometers long. Tianshan Mountain and its branch, Nushan Mountain in Borocco, cross the southern part of the Autonomous Prefecture, starting from Yili area in the west and reaching Xingxing Gorge in the east, with a length of about 1.700 km, which is about 450 km in the territory of the Autonomous Prefecture. The watershed ridge is 4000-6000 meters above sea level, and the highest Tomur peak is 7443 meters above sea level.

This Shanxi is high in the east and low in the east, wide in the west and narrow in the east. The western section is 400 kilometers wide, and the eastern section is only 100 kilometers wide. There are mountain basins and valleys of different sizes between parallel mountains. Ili Valley is located in the west of Tianshan Mountain, in the southeast direction, surrounded by mountains on three sides, including Borocco Nu, Keguqin, Wusun Mountain and Nalati Mountain.

The valley is triangular, with the apex in the east at the intersection of the Tekes River and the Gonnes River, and the valley bottom in the west facing the Sino-Kazakhstan border. The terrain is high in the east and low in the west, and it is inclined in the east-west direction, with the length of170km. The banks of Yili River are alluvial plains, and the southern part of Yili Valley is Zhaosu-Tekes Basin, which is wedge-shaped, narrow in the east and wide in the west, mainly Tekes alluvial plains.

Between Altai Mountain and Tianshan Mountain is Junggar Basin. Its topography is high in the east and low in the west, inclining from northeast to southwest, and the outline of the basin is an equilateral triangle. There are low mountains in the west, such as Sawur, Talbahatai, baruch and Alashan.

There is Beita Mountain in the east; There are several low-lying gaps in the west, so it is called a semi-closed inland basin, with different elevations, with an average elevation of less than 100 meter and the lowest point of Ebinur Lake of 89 meters. The basin is about 850 kilometers long from east to west and 380 kilometers wide from north to south, with a total area of more than 380,000 square kilometers.

Ili mainly includes Yili River, Irtysh River, Emin River and Wulungu River. Except the Irtysh River flows into the Arctic Ocean, all other rivers belong to inland rivers and flow into the low-lying areas of the basin. Yili River is the largest river in Xinjiang.

Irtysh River is the second largest river in Autonomous Prefecture. Originated at the southern foot of Altai Mountain, it is formed by the confluence of tributaries such as Brzin River, Haba River and Kelan River. It flows through Fuyun County, Altay City, Burqin County and Habahe County.

After flowing westward into Kazakstan, it flows into ob river and into the Arctic Ocean, which is the only Arctic Ocean water system in China. Annual runoff11200 million cubic meters. Emin River flows through emin county and Tacheng from east to west, and flows into Lake Ala in the south of Baktu.

The Ulungu River originates from the southern foot of Altai Mountain and is formed by the confluence of Qinggeli River and Bulgen River. It turns from north to south and then to northwest, flows through Qinghe, Fuyun and Fuhai counties, and flows into Wulungu Lake. Lake Ulungu, also known as Bulento Sea, is located in the northwest of Fuhai County and is a good natural fishing ground.

Kuitun River originates from the northern foot of Tianshan Mountain, and its main tributaries are Sikeshu River and Gurtu River. It flows through Junggar Basin from south to north and finally flows into Ebinur Lake from west.

Manas River originates from the northern foot, and its main tributaries are Jingou River and Bayingou River. It runs through Shawan County and flows into Manas Lake in the middle of Junggar Basin from south to north.

Yili Prefecture has a total area of 350,000 square kilometers, 760 kilometers long from north to south and 630 kilometers wide from east to west. Among them, the total land area under the jurisdiction of the state is 270,035 square kilometers, the counties and cities directly under the state are 574 18 square kilometers, the Tacheng area is 956 16 square kilometers, and the Altay area is 1 17000 square kilometers. The total length with the boundary line is 20 19 km.

The landform type of Yili Prefecture: 8363244 hectares of mountains; Hill 629893 1 hectare; Plain 10297437 hectares; Desert 2043855 hectares. Land use type: 6.5438+0.7462 million hectares of cultivated land; Garden area of 9300 hectares;

Woodland180.110000 hectares, including natural forest 17 15600 hectares; Grassland 1, 895. 1.2 million hectares, of which natural grassland 1, 879.438+0 million hectares; 4,090,700 hectares of unused land.

The forest covers an area of 880,000 hectares, with a total volume of 65.438+0.6 billion cubic meters, accounting for 74% of Xinjiang. More than 60 species of rare animals and 700 species of plants have been preserved, which is a rare natural gene bank of biodiversity in the world.

References:

Baidu Encyclopedia-Ilikazak Autonomous Prefecture