Full text of Tao Yuanming's leisure fu

Leisure Fu is the only one in Tao Yuanming's Ci and Fu with unique style and rich ideological content. This article is not only contrary to Tao Yuanming's style, but also different from other works of Ji Tao. The following is the full text of Tao Yuanming's leisure fu in my collection. Welcome to reading. I hope you will like it.

original text

He Guiyi's posture is unique in the world to show his superiority; Show the beauty of the whole city, with words of virtue. Pei Mingyu is better than Jie, and Qi Youlan competes for fen; Light tenderness is in vulgarity, negative ambition is in high clouds. Sad for the morning light, I feel the long diligence of life. In the same century, He Huan is widowed and melancholy! Zhai Zhuwei sat and gloated. Just send your fingers, and wearing sleeves is also colorful. Instantly beautiful eyes flow, and there is no point in talking and laughing. Halfway through the song, the scene falls to Xixuan. Sad businessmen knock on the forest, and white clouds lean on the mountains. Look up at the heavenly road and lean down to promote string singing. Charming spirit and elegant manners. Inspire the voice to feel more, I am willing to talk to my knees. I want to swear by myself, but I'm afraid to preside over the ceremony. I'm just waiting for the Phoenix bird to speak, so I'm afraid of others first. Confused and frustrated, the soul moves nine times in an instant.

I am willing to be the leader of clothes, and I want to be the first in China; I feel sad for leaving Romania at night and complain about the unfinished autumn night. I am willing to tie my slim body with the belt in my petticoat; It's cool and weird, and it's new. I am willing to be proud of my hair and brush my head on my shoulders; A sad and beautiful repeated bath is fried with white water. I would like to have fine eyes, I would like to have idle eyes; Sad powder is still fresh, but it was ruined by China's makeup. I would like to be a seat in the noise, I am weak in Sanqiu; Sadly, it replaced Yu, and you can't see it until many years later. I am willing to walk on silk, persistent enough to cope; Sadness is restrained, and the empty Committee abandons the bed. I am willing to be the shadow of the day, always following the shape and facing the west; There are many shades of sad trees, and generosity varies from time to time. May it be a night candle, and the jade shines on two thresholds; Sad help, bright lights, choose hidden. I would like to be a fan of bamboo, with a soft grip and sorrow; Worrying about the white dew and the morning, the sleeves are full of Myanmar. I would like to be a tung tree in the forest and a piano on my knee; Sadness and happiness came with sadness and finally pushed me to stop.

The test will be the opposite of what you want, and the action will be hard. Embrace labor feelings without regrets and walk with Lin Nan step by step. Mulan's bones are exposed, and her buttocks are loose. If you walk, you will have a pilgrimage, and you will be afraid. I was lonely and didn't see it. I wanted to look for it in the air alone. Gather light and go back to the road, sighing at the sunset. Step by step, I forgot the fun, and my color was miserable. Ye Xie Xie strip, qi mournful and cold. The shadow of the sun disappeared and the moon shone in the clouds. Birds cry alone, but occasionally wild animals don't come back. Mourning the dusk of that year, I hate myself for being old. Those who dream at night follow their dreams, and their spirits are fluttering and they are uneasy. If the ship is lost, it will be like an unattainable cliff. At that time, Bion Xuan Ying, the north wind is sad. Not sleepy, wandering thoughts. Take a picture until dawn, and the frost is in the prime stage. The chicken's wings don't sing, and the flute flows far away. At the beginning, it was wonderful and dense, and at the end, it was bright and hidden. My wife is here and I want to give her to you. Yun He died without words, but died after being elected. I think hard and feel sorry for myself, but I will eventually stop the mountain and draw the river. Welcome the breeze to get tired and send weakness back to the waves. Especially "Creeping Grass" is an opportunity to recite the remnant songs of "Shaonan". Be honest and rest on eight distant feelings.

Creation background

The writing time of Tao Yuanming's Fu is said to be his works when he was young, which was completed during the author's working or retirement. According to Yuan Xingpei's textual research, leisure fu was written by Tao Yuanming at the age of nineteen.

There is another saying: Tao Yuanming resigned and lived at home for six or seven years. In the second year of seclusion, that is, in the 19th year of Taiyuan (394), when Tao Yuanming was thirty years old, his wife died and he continued to marry Zhai. Zhai is a virtuous woman. According to the legend of "Southern History", "His wife Zhai, like-minded, can live and work in peace and contentment." The poet wrote about the time when he lost his wife and remarried.

Text (translation)

(ah! How magnificent and elegant her charm is, she is unique and beautiful. Her beauty can be described as stunning and stunning, and the rumors about her virtue are even more fascinating. Only noisy Yu Pei can match her purity, and only noble orchids can be more fragrant with her. (So I) diluted the tenderness in the secular world and sent the elegant feelings to the clouds. Sigh (time flies) that dawn is late again, how not to make people deeply feel the hardships of life; It will also end in a hundred years. Why is the joy of life so rare, but the sadness is always constant? At that time, she opened the red curtain, sat in the middle, and played the pan-guqin, rejuvenating. Long fingers brushed the good news on the piano, and white wrists danced up and down (which fascinated me). Look around, eyes flow, and sometimes smile without distracting you from playing music. Halfway through the music, the red sun slowly sank into the west wing. The slightly sad music of Shanggong echoed in the forest for a long time, and the clouds in the mountains were filled with white smoke. Sometimes she looks up at the sky, and sometimes she bows her head to urge the strings in her hand to make rapid music. She looks so charming and behaves so serenely and gently.

The music played by (her) in the clear moon moved me, and I longed to sit on my knee and have a heart-to-heart conversation with her. I want to go in person and make a pledge of eternal love with her, but I'm afraid I'll be scolded for being rude, and I want to ask Jade Bird to take a message for me, and I'm afraid I'll be beaten by others. I lost my mind for countless times in an instant: I would like to be the lapel of her coat and bear the fragrance from her beautiful face, but unfortunately the satin lapel will be taken off by her at night, only complaining that the autumn night is long and the sky is not white! I want to turn into a belt on her coat to tie her slender waist. Alas, the weather is different from hot and cold, and we have to take off the old belt and put on a new one! May it turn into oil in her hair, moisten her black sideburns and let them hang over her shoulders. Poor beauty has to fry in boiling water every time she takes a shower! I would like to make makeup on her beautiful eyebrows, and she looks at it from a distance and shows off. Sadly, the powder is good only when it is painted at first, and it will be destroyed when it is torn down! I would like to be a cushion on her sofa, making her weak body weaker than in Sanqiu. If you hate it (it's cold on the first day), use embroidered brocade instead of summer sleeping mat, and use it after a long time! I would like to make a silk thread as her sole shoes, walking around with slender feet. Alas, I have to leave it in front of the bed (when I sleep)! I hope to be her shadow during the day and follow her everywhere, so pitiful that I disappear in the shade, and the situation will be different in a short while! May it become a candlelight in the dark, and under the front beam of the hall, her jade face shines. Alas, work at sunrise, rest at sunset, put out the candle and hide the light! I would like to turn it into a bamboo branch and make it a fan in her hand. I can fan out a slight cool breeze in her ying ying grip, but it will be cold sooner or later after a thousand years (so I don't need a fan), so I can only look at the beautiful woman's sleeve from a distance (sigh)! I wish I could become a paulownia tree and a violin on her lap. Alas, once I am happy and sad, it will eventually push me aside and stop decadent music!

I can't get what I want, but my kindness is in vain. I was trapped by love, but no one spoke to me, and slowly strolled into the southern Woods. Take a rest beside the dew-covered magnolia and feel cool in the shade of pines. If you were here (with the right person), how would surprise and fear intersect in your heart. Moreover, the Woods are empty and lonely, and I can't see anything. I can only think about it alone, in vain. I went back to tidy my clothes, and when I looked up and saw the sun setting, I couldn't help sighing. Stop and go all the way, the scenery in the forest is terrible. Leaves can't stop falling from branches, and the weather in the forest is sad. The red sun sank into the horizon with its (last) shadow, and the bright moon formed another beautiful scenery in the clouds. The nightingale came back alone with a piercing cry, but the courting beast hasn't come back yet. On my deathbed, I deeply lament that the present (beautiful) situation will end in an instant. Recalling the scene in the dream at night, I want to re-enter the dream, but I can't concentrate, just like a boatman who lost his paddle and a climber who has nowhere to climb. At this moment, Beyonce's second night's starlight shines in the porch, and the north wind outside makes a harsh sound. She is more awake and can't sleep anymore. All her thoughts are spinning in her head. (So) I got up and dressed and waited for dawn. The thick frost on the stone steps in front of my house was crystal clear. The chicken (from Chen Si) also folded its wings (perched) and didn't crow. The flute sounded clear and melancholy in the distance: at first, the rhythm was ok, leisurely and peaceful, and at last it was lonely and clear, with a decadent voice. Under such circumstances, I miss beautiful women and ask the clouds in the sky to pin my heart on me. Clouds flow quickly in silence, and time flies. In vain, I miss my sadness alone, and it is always mountains and rivers that stand in my way. Standing in the wind, I hope the breeze can sweep away my fatigue and pin my humble wish on the rolling light waves-(I hope to get together with you like a "creeping weed" and recite the lingering wind in Long song, which has never been cut off since the Book of Songs. (and this can't be done after all. ) (Still) Let go of all your troubles, just be sincere, and let your mood rest and linger outside the vast wilderness.

Appreciate:

When Tao Yuanming was 27 years old, he wrote a poem "Leisure Fu", but it vividly showed the other side of the poet's passionate feelings and rich imagination, praising women, loving beauty, stirring youth and boldly pursuing love, which was also a very lively and lovely side.

In fact, before Tao Yuanming wrote this "Leisure Fu", he defended himself from the perspective of morality and ethics. He said, why do I write leisure fu? He said "Chu" was ahead, "Zhang Heng wrote" Love Song "and Cai Yong wrote" Love Song ". Zhang Heng wrote Love Song in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and Cai Wenji's father Cai Yong wrote a poem Love Song, so I checked the Love Song written by my predecessors. " At first, you wander around thinking, but in the end, you do nothing. At first, he said, "wandering" meant turmoil and temptation. We say, "He who doesn't know the beauty of his children has no eyes" (article "Mencius Gaozi"). According to Mencius, they are not beautiful women, but handsome men. He said they couldn't see or not. Everyone will appreciate the beautiful things when they see them. This is an instinct, just as we all appreciate beautiful flowers when we see them. Therefore, "think first", that beautiful thing will make you tempted, but it will also be idle in the end.

The second section is the climax of the whole fu, which is extremely popular, contrary to the author's simple and distant style.

Ten wishes, in one go, become the collar of a beautiful woman's clothes, the belt around her waist, the milky white hair, the dark eyebrows, the seat under her body, the shoes on her feet, the shadow she carries, the candle shining on her face, the fan in her hand and the piano on her knee, just to be close to her and accompany her. The use of a series of imitation techniques is unique in conception and rich in imagination. Ten things, the same good wishes, ten twists and turns, and the result of ten ideas expressed the same concern, especially strong wishes.

Some people praised the Ten Wishes written in Fu, saying that "the sky will be revealed only when the peak rises, and the words adopted by Hua Mao are beyond the sages."

Main idea

The theme of leisure fu has always been the focus of controversy. To sum up, there are two main schools. One school thinks that this article has no sustenance and is purely a description of love, which can be called "the theory of love". One school believes that there is sustenance and inherits the tradition of "vanilla beauty" in Chu Sao, so it can be called "Bixing Theory".

The school of "Love Theory" can be traced back to Prince Xiao Tong of Liang Zhaoming. In Preface to Tao Yuanming's Collection, he criticized Leisure Fu and said: "I am addicted to his writing and can't let it go;" I still want to be virtuous, but I hate being different. Therefore, for this area, it is more searching and rough. In Bai Bi, people with minor defects are only given leisure. Yang Xiong's so-called exhortation to satirize a person does not mean irony, so why shake the pen? Alas, nothing can be done! " [1] Therefore, although the category of "emotional fu" was set up in Selected Works, this article was not taken. Although Xiao Tong didn't explicitly say that the leisure fu is purely about love, the sentence of "exhorting a hundred people to satirize one person, but no one is sarcastic" actually criticized Yuan Ming for claiming to be "conducive to satire". In fact, it was not satire, but used close-up lust. Later, many people agreed with Xiao Tong.

Su Shi was the first to refute Xiao Tong, and his attitude was very fierce: "The so-called' national style' in the leisure fu in the late Yuan and early Ming Dynasties was lewd but not lewd, which was not as good as Nan Zhou's. What's the difference between it and buckling? However, unification is a mockery, which is what children try to do. " The school of "Bi Xing Shuo", represented by Su Shi, compares leisure fu to some articles in The Book of Songs and Qu Yuan's Li Sao, which has profound political significance: some say that the country is doomed and they are attached to their old owners; Some people say that people who want to tune in don't have it, so they entrust it; Some say they are sad for their own lives and look forward to their ancestors; Some people say that they are pursuing the ideal of life. ...

Looking at the above two views, it seems that there are disadvantages of each side. People who hold the "love theory" write love for this, and there is no irony. Although it is half right, denying the irony of this poem is not in line with the author's original intention. Leisure fu really vividly describes people's pursuit of beauty, and truly and vividly shows people's soul and body trembling in front of stunning beauty. But the author's original intention is to restore the flowing lust to the right. It can also be explained as an attitude of dealing with people, constantly pursuing ideals, constantly failing, and constantly changing methods. There is a saying: success lies in constantly changing methods and never changing goals.

Unique position

First of all, leisure fu's bold, provocative and vivid description of the love between men and women has had a far-reaching impact on the writing of love between men and women in later generations and provided rich experience. Yang Sheng 'an said: "Tao Yuanming's Leisure Fu is full of beautiful feelings and emotions. The legend of Pei Yan and Yuanshi County will be true and lagging behind. " He only mentioned Pei Dian and Yuan Zhen. In fact, the influence of leisure fu on writers of past dynasties is extremely far-reaching, and it can be said that clothing writers are not a generation.

Secondly, leisure fu also has its own characteristics in language style, which is different from other poems of Ji Tao. As we all know, Tao Yuanming is unpretentious, fresh and natural in his language use, and even quotes the oral language of farmers when describing rural scenery and life. However, the language of this Fu adapted to the characteristics of its style and the needs of its content, changed the normal state of its language style, and became sentimental, rich and beautiful, soft and colorful. For example, to write about a beautiful woman's manners and beauty, we only need to use Liao Liao's mathematical vocabulary, such as "looking forward to her eyes for an instant, laughing and laughing regardless of dignity" and "charming spirit and elegant manners", and we can tell the truth about her charming manners and inner world. Especially when writing about the complex mood of Yu after his failure to pursue beauty, he was "confused and frustrated, and his soul moved nine times", which was amazing; It is more accurate to write about the lost soul when missing. "If you lose your boat, you can't climb the cliff.".

Thirdly, the leisure fu is unique in conception, lyrical and full of tension. For example, water waves surge layer by layer and climax after climax. There is still an undercurrent when it falls back, and it continues to rise and fall. Even if it is "resting in a land eight miles away", it has left lingering waves, which makes people sad and deeply moved.

Finally, the scenery description and acousto-optic details in Leisure Fu are exquisite and ingenious, and the scene is highly harmonious with psychological carving similar to film and television. "Thank you for going to the article, the gas is cold and cold; The shadow of the sun disappeared and the moon shone in the clouds. The bird's sorrow returns to loneliness, but the animal's doll does not return, so the sorrow comes from it: "I mourn the evening of that year and hate the desire of the present." "Visible tao yuanming deserves to be a great poet.

Of all Tao Yuanming's creations, only this poem Ode to Leisure is about love, although Tao Yuanming's subjective motivation in writing this poem is to prevent the decline of leisure. Tao Yuanming, with his frank and frank "wish" and "sadness", poured out the feelings of secular children and showed his simple and natural beautiful personality. At the same time, objectively, it has become a love fu that is not unprecedented but also unparalleled.