Zhang Heng invented the seismograph 1800 years ago. Can you really measure earthquakes? Why did you delete it from the textbook?

Let's be clear, although Zhang Heng's seismograph recorded in the history books can measure earthquakes, it is said in the later Han Dynasty that in the third year of Yonghe, that is, AD 138, the seismograph toad vomited a copper ball to the west, and a few days later, news came from Feima, Shaanxi that an earthquake had occurred. The problem is that after an earthquake in a certain place, only according to the seismograph response, toad spits copper balls to stimulate.

Because Zhang Heng is an official, fiddling with things that others can't understand all day is considered to be doing nothing. After the invention of the seismograph, it was not recognized by the court. It can be said that it was not popularized at all, and it was soon lost. The structure and principle of the seismograph are extremely simple in the history books. There are only a few words "there are pillars inside, there are eight roads inside, and the engine is turned off". Later generations simply can't figure out what it is. Xin, an astronomer in the Northern Qi Dynasty, Lin, a mathematician in the Sui Dynasty, and others all studied Zhang Heng's seismograph, leaving behind works such as the Classic of the Bronze Instrument of the Seismograph, but they only explained the mechanical principle, and there were no physical objects, and these works have also been lost.

So until today, the seismograph only exists in the history books of 1800 years ago, and everything has been lost. 1875, the Italians invented the first real seismograph. At that time, Japanese scholars pointed out that China had seismometers to measure earthquakes as early as the Eastern Han Dynasty, which attracted the attention of the international seismological community. Scholars at home and abroad have made repeated experiments on Zhang Heng's seismograph with reference to the only ancient data.

After the founding of the People's Republic of China, we also put forward a plan to repair Zhang Heng's seismograph, and finally repaired the seismograph model at 1959. To put it bluntly, this is not a model, because there are no drawings, just an imaginary map. The earthquake is not accurate at all and can only be used as a decoration. At that time, in order to save face in the world and declare the seismograph true and reliable, this model was written into the history textbook. However, there have been doubts in China. In all fairness, the seismograph in the textbook is just a useless imagination model. In order to avoid misleading, this textbook has been deleted in recent years. It is reported that 20 1 1 successfully repaired the seismograph that can measure earthquakes and passed the expert appraisal.

1800 years ago, the seismograph invented by Zhang Heng was not used to predict earthquakes, but to monitor them. The name of this seismograph is Hou Feng Seismograph. At that time, the level of productivity was relatively low and the traffic was very inconvenient. Natural disasters and other things took a long time to report to the central authorities, especially in remote areas.

So at that time, in order to solve this problem, Zhang Heng invented the waiting wind seismograph. His aim is to know exactly which direction the earthquake happened in the country in time.

It is recorded in history that a copper ball fell to the west of Zhang Heng's seismograph. A few days later, the local government in Shaanxi reported that an earthquake had occurred there, which also proved the scientific nature of the seismograph.

Therefore, the seismograph invented by the ancients is actually used to monitor the occurrence of earthquakes, not as a means to predict earthquakes.

During the Han Dynasty, the traffic was inconvenient and the country was relatively vast. Some effective measures must be taken to rule such a country. It is for this reason that Zhang Heng invented the seismograph.

As for this seismograph being removed from the textbook, it is also a measure of the national education reform. After all, this seismograph plays a relatively small role in earthquake prediction, and it is also a scientific and technological product of 1800 years ago. There was no seismograph handed down from generation to generation after Zhang Heng, and the research on seismograph did not continue.

At present, the pictures and materials of seismographs in textbooks are all imagined out of thin air according to the records in the history books of the 1950 s, which are not strictly in line with historical facts, so it is reasonable to delete them from textbooks.

In the Han Dynasty, as a feudal intellectual, it was not easy for Zhang Heng to consider studying and monitoring earthquakes. Moreover, he personally developed such a seismograph, which is beneficial to the research, monitoring and prediction of earthquakes in later generations and even in the world. He is a pioneer.

With the progress of science and technology, the level of earthquake prediction and monitoring is getting higher and higher, but accurate imminent earthquake prediction is still very difficult. In the history, Panjin earthquake in China and Liaoning actually realized imminent earthquake prediction, which avoided a large number of casualties and property losses. This is a unique miracle in the history of earthquake prediction in the world.

So far, earthquake prediction is still a frontier scientific problem in the world, and people have not solved it well. Therefore, earthquake monitoring and prediction has always been a scientific problem that the majority of scientific workers strive to overcome.

Zhang Heng made bold attempts and beneficial explorations over 1800 years ago. This spirit is worth learning. Zhang Heng is not only a scientist, but also a writer. Zhang Heng has written many gorgeous articles. The era when Zhang Heng lived was also the era when divination prevailed.

Divination is a mysterious metaphysics, which is not conducive to the development of science. So at that time, Zhang Heng's situation was not very good, and his scientific research work was not valued and supported by the emperor, and he was often squeezed out and hit.

This is also the general attitude of ancient feudal emperors in China towards science. They hope to confuse and fool people with a set of metaphysics, but they don't want to use science to explain various problems in nature and human society in order to rule for a long time.

The ancients believed that the harmony between man and nature, natural disasters and social politics were interrelated, and the occurrence of earthquakes was also a punishment for rulers, especially emperors. Therefore, Zhang Heng studied this seismograph and monitored seismic activity, which was taboo for the emperor at that time, so it was not taken seriously.

Because of the unconventional behavior at that time, it would not be valued and supported by the emperor. So 1800 years ago, the seismograph made by Zhang Heng had only ominous records in history, and there was no physical object handed down. In history textbooks, the "seismograph" model made by Zhang Heng, a scientist in the Eastern Han Dynasty, is actually a fake, which is an imitation of the 1950s.

I think it's true.

Since ancient times, every era has left a lot of very valuable wealth, and many ancient wisdom has been circulated among the people. For example, Huangdi Neijing is one of the classic theories of Chinese medicine and the foundation of modern medicine. However, this book is not simply to treat diseases, and even skillfully links the operation of the universe with the operation of the human body.

The operation of the universe is combined with the operation of the human body, which can only be achieved by ancient real people. Not only the seismograph, but also the ancient fairy tales. I think what you think is true. It's just that our modern minds are blinded, so we can't see and reach that state.

The current seismograph is made according to records, which is essentially different from the legendary seismograph.

I don't know why it was deleted from the textbook.

In the sixties and seventies, several generations learned textbooks at school, and later learned:

It turns out that the "Zhang Heng Seismograph" in the textbook is fake, and modern people make it fake. . .

The article about Zhang Heng's invention of seismograph must have been read in Chinese textbooks when he was a child. So 1800 years ago, the seismograph invented by Zhang Heng was not used to predict earthquakes, but to be precise, it should be used to monitor earthquakes. The full name of seismograph is after the wind. Due to the low productivity and inconvenient transportation in ancient society, it takes a long time to report a serious natural disaster to the central government. Therefore, the emergence of Zhang Heng's seismograph is mainly to timely and accurately grasp where the earthquake occurred in the country.

Some people may question whether this seismograph can really predict or monitor earthquakes. There are relevant records in the history books. It is said that a copper ball on the west side of the seismograph fell into the mouth of the toad below. Unexpectedly, a few days later, the local government of Shaanxi Province in this direction reported to the central government that there was an earthquake in the local area, which also proved that the seismograph was still very scientific and could accurately monitor the occurrence of the earthquake.

As for the removal of this seismograph article from the textbook, it is actually only a measure to comply with the national education reform. After all, from the perspective of modern people, although this seismograph is scientific, its role in earthquake prediction is still relatively small. What's more, it is a scientific and technological product of 1 800 years ago, which is of little help to the present. You know, the constitution didn't pass down after the invention of the seismograph. About earthquakes,

The seismograph in the current textbook comes from the 1950s, and this picture was created by the relevant personnel according to the records in the history books and combined with their own imagination. Strictly speaking, it does not conform to the true historical facts, so it is necessary to delete this article from the textbook.

Generally speaking, with the progress of science, the level of earthquake prediction and monitoring is getting higher and higher, and the accuracy is still relatively guaranteed. We must admit that it was not easy for Rolling to fully consider and study earthquake prediction under the low level of social productivity in the Han Dynasty at that time. It was able to develop a machine by itself, which played a very important role as a benchmark for studying and predicting earthquakes in modern China and even the world.

Zhang Heng invented the seismograph in 1800. Can you really measure earthquakes? Answer: No.

When I was a child, I read history and knew that Zhang Heng invented the seismograph. Eight directions, such as eight diagrams, contain eight dragons, and eight frogs open their mouths underground. A pearl in the dragon's mouth fell from which direction an earthquake occurred.

This truth is like the connection between the seismograph and the earth, which was not known until after the earthquake. However, the seismograph is far away from the earthquake, and the rescue method is relatively slim.

Since ancient times, we all know the harm of earthquakes to human beings. Zhang Heng invented the seismograph in order to make a great contribution to the rescue. Zhang Heng's heart is compassionate.

We know that ancient times were feudal social thoughts. With such a great invention, the world will certainly be shocked. Why was the seismograph lost later? It may not be practical to use the rescue method at that time.

The damage caused by earthquakes to human beings has been studied and explored until now. The following is my own experience of the earthquake, I hope it will help you.

It is true that there will be rain after the earthquake. The weather forecast can now know where it will rain in two days. Conversely, observe the weather forecast. Will there be an earthquake where it rains? Not necessarily.

In this way, didn't it cause a lot of obstacles and confusion? But also caused a lot of misjudgments. It is more dangerous to connect to the earth plate to observe where the earthquake zone is. This method can be used to narrow the observation range, such as Sichuan, Hebei, Yunnan, Japan, Taiwan Province, the Philippines, Indonesia and other places.

The second method, about ten seconds before the earthquake, rumbled like an overweight truck and rang for about ten seconds. It is the most dangerous time to start swinging. When a big earthquake happens, all beings should not panic. If they can escape, they will run to a safe place to escape.

Special attention: two days before the earthquake, the so-called earthquake clouds, such as ribs and cotton clouds, were all blind cats meeting dead mice. How the animals were upset, screaming and running around were all fake things. You observed them for ten years and experienced the earthquake yourself. Don't send such information indiscriminately to mislead others' children. This is a message that harms people's lives. You need kindness at heart, but you have no experience. It's best not to send false information here, to harm others and yourself, and ultimately to harm yourself.

True information: It rained after the earthquake, and the big swing boomed about ten seconds before.

Welcome to read:

It is not difficult for him to predict the earthquake, but he can only predict the location after the earthquake. There was no media and information before, and predicting the location of the earthquake was also conducive to the timely relief of the court.

In ancient times, great disasters could easily lead to great disasters in the imperial court. If the seismograph can predict earthquakes, how could it be lost in later dynasties? Seismograph is more useful to judge where the earthquake happened after the disaster, but it will also be a false alarm.

The seismograph was invented by Zhang Heng in Han Dynasty. At that time, it was a very advanced idea to reduce the harm caused by disasters by measuring earthquakes. Modern scientists have basically understood the principle of seismograph and its internal structure is relatively simple according to a few words in ancient books. Using overhangs and levers to amplify the vibration step by step, and then pushing the machine to spit beads into toad's mouth, we can judge where the earthquake happened at one time. In ancient times, the propagation speed of seismic waves was much faster than that of riding a horse to transmit information. This method does have a certain effect, but because it is sensitive and affected by the surrounding vibration, its usability may be greatly reduced. It seems that there are not many records of using seismographs in history. In previous textbooks, many articles were stories written by people who didn't understand scientific principles. It is ok to get some inspiration from the story, but it boosted the wisdom of the ancients to some extent. Knowledge of nature mastered by science and technology or human beings has increased with the passage of time, and modern people cannot predict earthquakes. It is really unreliable to expect the ancients who don't even understand the principle of earthquake to solve the problem of earthquake prediction. However, the modern restored seismograph model is completely useless.

For earthquakes, modern times are more about early warning than prediction. The so-called prediction is to tell people exactly when and where the earthquake will happen before it happens, so that people can evacuate ahead of time and avoid disasters. Early warning is the use of modern technology to spread early warning information in a very short time after the earthquake. Different waves of an earthquake travel at different speeds, and the speed of light is lower than that of signals, especially P waves, so just early warning information can help people avoid earthquake disasters. This method needs to set up a large number of seismographs to collect seismic wave information and use the time difference of propagation to save people. So there are two kinds of information about this place in time sequence, one is before the earthquake and the other is after the earthquake. In the ancient narrative about seismograph, it was not mentioned that it can predict earthquakes, but it has been used to judge where earthquakes occur. Earthquakes are still unpredictable to modern people. No matter based on the historical earthquake law or the abnormal behavior of animals, it can not be accurately predicted. If it is misreported, it will still bring some losses, so this unreliable way is rarely adopted, and it is impossible for people to live in the wild all the time in order to prevent earthquakes.

(Tragic two-hour hero, former Soviet astronaut Komalov)

The deletion of Zhang Heng's seismograph article from textbooks is also related to the fact that China is now paying more attention to science and education, which should not mislead people. To form a tough character in adolescence, it is also easy to be disturbed by false information, and it is difficult to distinguish literature from reality. There is a big difference between the current primary school textbooks and the post-80s and post-90s. There is also a tragic two hours, which tells the story of an astronaut in the former Soviet Union who died when he returned to Earth. The whole text also lacks scientific basis and has long since ceased to exist.

The seismograph invented by Zhang Heng can't predict earthquakes!

There are eight dragons outside the seismograph representing eight directions. There are copper balls in Longkou, which direction the copper balls spit out in Longkou represents which direction an earthquake occurred.

According to the records of the Han Dynasty, a dragon spit out a copper pill, but no one felt the earthquake. A few days later, the postman reported that there was an earthquake in Longxi. At this time, everyone thinks the seismograph is amazing!

Judging from this record, this is actually not a prediction at all, but a perceptible earthquake. Only after the earthquake, the seismograph can know which direction the earthquake occurred.

Seismographs do not predict earthquakes, but sense them. Just because the earthquake information came late, it shows that the seismograph can predict the wind.

It is not clear whether the textbook has been deleted, and it is not surprising that it has been deleted.

Han Fei saw many things more than two thousand years ago thoroughly. Everything is wrong records such a story, which can be used to prove it.

The prince likes micro-carving very much, and someone will make it for him. This man's micro-carving technique is so superb that he can carve a macaque on a thorn tip.

The royal blacksmith of the prince found the prince. First he said he couldn't make such a work, and then he said he couldn't explain it with theory. This proved that the man who engaged in micro-carving was a liar, so the prince killed that man!

Han Feizi finally said: Now many writers are similar to this matter.

Not long ago, a singer copied a seismograph to wait for the wind, but it failed to achieve the effect recorded in historical books. The listener also studied the principle of seismograph, which was not explained by theory.

So the listener thinks that since he can't copy it and can't explain it theoretically, there is only one possibility, and that thing definitely doesn't exist!

I like to look at the nodes in history in a continuous way.

Speaking of China's four great inventions, many people must be familiar with them. That is papermaking, compass, gunpowder and printing. Throughout the history of the world, these four great inventions have always had a high status and far-reaching influence. But as far as fame is concerned, what we are going to talk about today does not belong to four great inventions of ancient china. It's Zhang Heng's seismograph.

If you have a good memory, you can know that Zhang Heng was a famous geographer and inventor in the Eastern Han Dynasty. It not only invented the compass, but also invented the armillary sphere and the seismograph. What I remember vividly is the seismograph. Its shape is very delicate. It is made of a copper pot with eight dragons carved on the side. There are eight golden toads outside the mysterious copper pot. If there is an earthquake in any direction, the faucet in the corresponding direction will spit out a dragon ball and then fall into the mouth of the golden toad. Maybe many people saw this when they were young and thought it was amazing.

But in recent years, I found that this article was deleted from the history textbook. In particular, Zhang Heng invented this seismograph. Never mentioned it again. Why?

As we all know, the content of textbooks is constantly changing with the changes of the times. Editors delete some outdated articles that do not conform to values and guide students to form correct values. There are many questions about Zhang Heng's seismograph. Historians are actively investigating and decided not to compile it into textbooks for the time being before there is definite evidence.

The seismograph has been handed down from generation to generation and is only recorded in historical materials. Historians only know the existence of seismographs through words, but there are no design drawings as evidence. Since then, scientists have been trying to repair seismographs. However, the description recorded in Historical Records is very simple, and almost all the restoration work ended in failure. The seismograph pictures we see in textbooks are not ancient cultural relics unearthed. According to historical records, it was a model made by Wang Zhenduo in 195 1 year.

Therefore, after careful consideration, the editors decided to delete Zhang Heng's seismograph from the textbook, so as not to be misled by the "fake" seismograph pictures in the book, from small to large, until the history was proved. It is not difficult to imagine that if the seismograph of that year is really made and can predict the earthquake time a few days in advance, it will definitely shock the world earthquake research community.