What are the top ten air crashes in the world?

1, runway collision: Tenerife air crash

Time:1March 27, 977, death toll: 583, passenger plane: Boeing -747.

1977 On March 27th, a Dutch Boeing -747 and an American Boeing -747 collided on the runway of Los Rhodes airport. As the two planes involved in the accident were large passenger planes full of fuel and personnel, 583 passengers and crew members were killed instantly, and only 6/kloc-0 survived. This incident is the highest casualty among the disasters caused by airplanes, and it is also the most serious air crash so far. Confused instructions and the blocking of radio communication are the main causes of the accident.

2. The single plane suffered the most casualties: Osaka air crash.

Time:1August 985 12, death toll: 520, passenger plane: Boeing -747.

1985 August 12, a Boeing -747- 100SR plane belonging to JAL originally scheduled to fly to osaka crashed in Harayama, Takada, kanto region, shortly after taking off from Tokyo. In addition to four miraculously survived, 520 people died. This air crash is also the most serious single plane crash in the world. According to the investigation, the tail of this plane was damaged seven years ago, but Boeing's maintenance personnel missed a row of rivets and accumulated metal fatigue in the damaged part, which caused the tail of the plane to tear off during flight and caused an accident. Because the scene of the accident was a rainy mountain area, the Japanese search and rescue team was in chaos and dragged on. The nearby American troops stationed in Japan asked to go, but they were rejected by the Self-Defense Forces. According to survivors, many people survived the plane crash, but they couldn't wait for help. Afterwards, Japan's search and rescue work was widely criticized. Since then, the chairman of JAL has resigned, and the company's maintenance manager even committed suicide.

3. Air crash: India's "1 1. 12" air crash.

Time:1996165438+1October 12, death toll: 349, plane: Boeing -747, Il -76 cargo plane. The picture shows a Boeing -747 similar to the plane crashed by Saudi Arabian Airlines.

1996165438+1October 12, an il -76 cargo plane from Kazakhstan collided head-on with a Boeing -747- 168B of Saudi Arabian airlines. The left wing of the Il -76 cut through the rear half and tail of the Boeing -747- 168B fuselage, and then disintegrated. After two planes crashed, all 349 passengers were killed. Afterwards, the investigation committee found that the Kazakh crew violated the instructions and did not stop when descending to a dangerous height, and finally crashed into Boeing -747- 168B. The report pointed out that the Kazakh crew's English level was extremely low, which caused communication obstacles. At the same time, the local airport equipment is backward, and it is impossible to measure the actual height of the runway, which also affects the controller's judgment. In addition, since most of the spare space near New Delhi is occupied by the Indian Air Force, only one air passage can be used for inbound and outbound flights, which also increases hidden dangers. After that, an air passage was added to New Delhi Airport, and the Civil Aviation Authority of India also stipulated that all planes entering and leaving India must be equipped with an air collision avoidance system, making it the first country in the world to make this mandatory requirement.

4. Bomb attack: air india "June 23rd" air crash.

Time:1June 23, 985, death toll: 329, passenger plane: Boeing -747.

1On June 23rd, 985, a Boeing -747 passenger plane in air india was blown up by a bomb planted by an Indian Sikh extremist while flying from Mumbai, India to Toronto, Canada. The plane crashed off the sea in eastern Ireland, killing 329 people. Canadian investigators believe that the main reason for this case is the lack of security procedures, baggage inspection equipment and employee training. In addition, the bomb that was scheduled to blow up another air india Boeing -747 plane that day was not installed on the plane, but exploded in the baggage warehouse in Tokyo in advance, so that the crew on board could escape.

5. Fast hatch: Saudi Arabia "819" air crash.

Time:1August 980 19, death toll: 30 1, passenger plane: Lockheed-L11.

On August 9th, 1980, just after take-off, a Lockheed L-11passenger plane of Saudi Arabian Airlines flew to Karachi, and the luggage compartment suddenly caught fire, then an engine caught fire, and then the fire spread to the engine room. After returning to Riyadh airport for forced landing, for some unknown reason, the crew let the plane that landed safely slide to the end of the runway before stopping, and then let the engine of the plane continue to run for 3 minutes. Rescuers at Riyadh airport could not open any doors in time because they were not equipped with enough rescue tools. By the time the door was finally broken, 30 1 people on board had all died in the engine room fire.

6. Air-to-air missile: The Soviet Air Force shot down a Korean passenger plane.

Time: 1 983 September1,death toll: 269, passenger plane: Boeing -747.

Fighters fire missiles at passenger planes, which is not only in movies. 1 983 September1day, a Korean Airlines Boeing -747 plane with 269 passengers and crew on board deviated from its route for hundreds of kilometers on the way from new york to Seoul and strayed into Soviet airspace along a zigzag path. When the plane approached sakhalin island in the North Pacific, the Soviet Union knew its civil aviation identity, but suspected it was a spy plane, so it sent two missiles from the Su-15 fighter plane to shoot it down. Afterwards, the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) made a strange definition of this route deviation: "The pilot lost his vigilance and attention within the allowable range." As early as 1978, Soviet Su-15 fighters attacked the Korean passenger plane Boeing -707. These two attacks caused serious accidents with nearly 300 casualties, which shocked the world.

7. Air explosion: Lockerbie air crash

Time:1988 65438+February 2 1 Death toll: 270. Dead passenger plane: Boeing 747.

On the same day, Pan Am 103 operated the Frankfurt-London-new york-Detroit route. It became the target of terrorist attacks, and the plane exploded over the Scottish border town of Lockerbie, killing 270 people. This bomb attack was regarded as an attack on American symbol, and it was the most serious terrorist activity before the "911"attack. This incident also dealt a heavy blow to the operation of Pan Am, which declared bankruptcy three years after the air crash.

8. The last Concorde: Air France Flight 4590 crashed.

Time: July 25th, 2000, death toll: 1 13, passenger plane: Concorde.

The crash of Air France Flight 4590 has attracted worldwide attention. On July 25th, 2000, the left wing of Concorde caught fire and crashed into a hotel. 109 passengers and crew were all killed, and four people died in the hotel. According to the official investigation report, on the day of the air crash, there was a strip metal part falling off the engine of McDonnell Douglas DC- 10 passenger plane on the runway. When the passenger plane of Flight 4590 took off, the aircraft wheel ran over the part, which caused the tire to burst, and the debris shot at the oil cylinder of the wing at high speed, cutting off the cable of the landing gear, causing the spark to ignite the oil spill and catch fire. When the fire broke out, the air traffic controller at the airport found and informed the captain of the flight, but the plane had to take off because it had taxied to 320 km/h, and then burned the wing, causing the wing to melt, making it impossible for the plane to climb and accelerate, and finally stalled and crashed. Concorde was the fastest passenger plane in the world at that time. Before the air crash, it was one of the safest planes in terms of passenger mortality per flight mile. After that, British Airways and Air France grounded all Concorde planes, and then the passenger capacity decreased. Since then, he has never recovered and retired from the aviation industry in 2003. The picture shows Concorde at Charles de Gaulle Airport in Paris, France.

9. Suicide attack: 9. 1 1 terrorist attack.

Time: 2001September1/morning casualties: 320 1 deaths, 629 1 injured passenger planes: Boeing 767, Boeing 757.

At 8: 40am EST on September 1 1 2006, four domestic civil aviation flights were hijacked almost at the same time, and two of them crashed into the World Trade Center in Manhattan, new york. Six buildings, including the landmark World Trade Center (Twin Towers) in new york, USA, were completely destroyed, and 23 high-rise buildings were damaged. A plane attacked the Pentagon of the US Department of Defense in Washington, DC. The fourth hijacked plane crashed in Pennsylvania. According to the investigation afterwards, the passengers on board tried to take back the control of the plane from the hijackers.

10, there is nothing safest: an air France passenger plane-A330 crashed into the sea.

Time: June 2009 1, death toll: 228, passenger plane: Airbus -A330.

On June 1 2009, an Air France passenger plane ——A330 with 228 passengers on board disappeared over the Atlantic Ocean on the way from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil to Paris, France. All the people on board were killed or missing, including nine passengers from China. The Airbus A330 plane disappeared from the radar screen about three and a half hours after takeoff. Below the missing site is the stormy Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Brazil. The cause of the accident is reported to be that the pitot tube used for speed measurement is blocked by cold ice particles of cold air. After examining the bodies of 50 dead people, French investigators found that the victims did not drown, but died before falling into the sea. Airbus -A330 has always been recognized as a relatively safe model, and this accident is the first air crash in which passengers died since the birth of A330. However, on May 12 of the following year, an Airbus -A330-200 plane flying from Johannesburg, South Africa to Tripoli, Libya suddenly exploded when landing, and crashed only one meter away from the runway, completely disintegrating. Among the 104 people on board, only one Dutch child aged 10 survived, but he had lost his memory after being rescued and could not remember the accident. The picture shows the Brazilian military salvaging the wreckage of the Air France crashed passenger plane.