Analysis on geographical conditions of producing melons and fruits in Turpan.

(1) Temperature difference between day and night is beneficial to sugar accumulation;

② Dry climate and sufficient light and heat are beneficial to the growth of melons and fruits;

(3) Melting water from alpine snow and ice is used as irrigation water source.

Turpan is located in the central and eastern part of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, between 4 1 12 '-43 40' north latitude and 87 16 '-9 1 55' east longitude. Turpan borders Hami in the east, Hejing County, heshuo County, Yuli County and Ruoqiang County in Bayinguoleng Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture in the west and south, and Qitai County, Jimsar County, Rem County and Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture in Urumqi in the north. The area is about 240 kilometers wide from north to south and 300 kilometers long from east to west.

topography

Turpan is an olive-shaped intermountain basin in the eastern Tianshan Mountains, surrounded by mountains. The basin starts from Alashan Goukou in the west and ends at the west of Qijiaojing Canyon in the east, with a length of 245 kilometers from east to west. In the north is the foothills of Bogda Mountain; South to Kurutag Mountain, about 75 kilometers wide from north to south. There are Flame Mountain and Wula Mountain in Bolto in the middle, which cross the territory and divide the local area into two parts: south and north. At the bottom of the basin, the water level of Lake Aiding is155m, which is the lowest basin in China and the second lowest basin in the world after the Dead Sea in Jordan with an altitude of 39 1 m.. Turpan basin has a mountainous area of 9,850 square kilometers and a plain area of 59,863 square kilometers.

climate

Turpan has a unique warm temperate continental arid desert climate. Located in the middle of the basin, surrounded by mountains on all sides, it has five characteristics, such as long sunshine, high temperature, large temperature difference between day and night, less precipitation and strong wind, and is known as "Huozhou" and "Fengku". The annual average temperature is 14℃, the summer average temperature is about 30℃, and the annual average temperature is higher than 35℃ for 99 days. Extreme high temperature weather above 40℃ lasts for 28 days on average. The characteristics of climate change in four seasons are: short spring, average 6 1 day, early start and rapid temperature rise; The summer is long, with an average of 152 days, high temperature and heat; Autumn is short, with an average of 57 days, and the temperature drops rapidly; Winter is short, with an average of 95 days, light wind and light snow, fine weather and short cold period. In a year, January is the coldest and July the hottest.