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What is the cutting test report of traditional Chinese medicine planting technology
4. Cutting treatment: Cut the branches into 15-20cm long with more than three complete buds. The upper end of the cut chip is flat and the lower end is inclined. Pay attention to the direction of the bud. Bundle every 50 branches, align the lower ends, and soak them in 100ppm of naphthalene acetic acid solution 1 hour, and soak the lower ends in 5-7 cm. Branches collected in autumn and winter are bundled in the sand for wintering. 5. Conventional cuttage is mainly in spring, generally in the middle and late March, and spring cuttage in plastic greenhouse can be advanced appropriately. When cutting, ditch first, then insert cuttings, 1-2 buds are exposed on the ground, covered with soil, and the plant spacing is 10×30 cm. Spray clean water after cutting, so that the cuttings are in close contact with the sand. The humidity is controlled at 85-90%. 6. Management (1) and shading: black shading net or artificial shed can be used for shading, and plastic shed is better if possible, so that the nursery can keep a cool and humid microclimate. (2) Water spraying: in open field cutting, water spraying is performed once immediately after cutting, and water spraying is performed once in the morning and evening on sunny days. After 1 month, the number and quantity of water spraying should be gradually reduced. (3) Topdressing: After the cuttings take root in May and June, spray 0. 1% urea and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution on the leaves, twice a month. (4) transplanting: cutting in the open field, and directly thinning after defoliation and before germination in the second year; Cutting seedlings in greenhouse should be tempered before transplanting. (5) Pest control: The main pests in the nursery of Ginkgo cutting seedlings are underground pests, leaf-eating pests and stem rot. In the afternoon, the 40% methyl isofenphos solution with the ratio of 1000 can be poured into the roots of seedlings, and the killing effect can reach over 90%. It can also treat grubs and needle worms. You can also use 0.2% carbofuran mixed water or 2.5% enemy killing liquid 2000 times to spray all over the ground to prevent and control underground pests; Use 2.5% diwan 3000 times solution or 40% omethoate EC 500 times solution to control leaf-eating pests; Spraying 5% ferrous sulfate solution every 20 days from June, spraying fungicides such as carbendazim and Bordeaux mixture to prevent stem rot. (2) Softwood cutting Softwood cutting is also called green cutting and soft cutting. It uses semi-lignified green branches as cuttings to cut seedlings. Because of the high content of auxin in shoots, tender tissues and active meristems, terminal buds and leaves have synthetic auxin and rooting elements, which can promote callus formation and rooting and are easy to survive. Softwood cuttings are usually carried out in summer, such as Ligustrum lucidum, Metasequoia glyptostroboides, boxwood, cypress, cedar, Sabina vulgaris, Berberis purpurea, Robinia pseudoacacia and Ginkgo biloba. But in summer, the temperature is high, the light is strong, and the temperature and humidity are difficult to master. If the technology is not in place, it will easily lead to the failure of transplanting rice. Therefore, the technical points should be mastered in summer cuttage seedling raising.
1. Seedbed preparation. The seedbed should be sandy loam with flat terrain and good drainage and irrigation. If the soil is sticky, fine sand, sawdust or peat and vermiculite can be properly mixed to improve the air permeability and water retention of the soil. Before cutting, it is best to disinfect the soil with 3% black alum aqueous solution, spray 3 kg ~ 4 kg per square meter, and ditch the seedbed. Generally, the bed width is 1 m ~ 1.2 m, and the height is 0.3 m..2. Generally, branches are collected from 4-6-year-old mother trees, and the survival rate of cutting is high. Practice has proved that the younger the tree species that are difficult to take root, the better. Generally, the rooting rate of basal bud grafting and long branches is higher than that of ordinary branches. Cutting should be carried out before and after the high growth stops and when the shoots reach semi-lignification; You should avoid picking branches at noon, and do it sooner or later. In order to prevent the branches from losing water, immediately after picking, immerse the branches in water for 2 cm ~ 3 cm and cut them in the shade. 3. Ear making. The length of cuttings depends on the characteristics of tree species and the length of branches and internodes. Softwood cutting generally needs 2 to 4 nodes, the length is 6 cm ~ 15 cm, and the bud eyes and leaves should be kept as much as possible to facilitate photosynthesis and promote rooting and germination. Generally speaking, broad-leaved trees leave 2 ~ 3 leaves, and tree species with larger leaves should cut off half or one third of the leaves to reduce transpiration. The upper end of the cutting should be cut flat at 2 cm above the bud, and the lower end should be cut into a horse-ear oblique incision under the leaf or axillary bud. Be careful not to tear the epidermis. The lower end of cuttings can be soaked in 200PPm NAA solution for 5 minutes, and then wrapped with wet material for later use. 4. Cutting method. Softwood cutting in summer should be carried out in the slow growth period of new shoots and before the new shoots stop growing. Generally speaking, from the end of May to the beginning of September, cutting in rainy season is beneficial for cuttings to take root. The cutting depth of cuttings is shallow, generally about one third of the cutting length. The cuttings should be upright after cutting, and the cutting density is generally 3 cm ~ 10 cm. Broad-leaved trees can be thinned appropriately, and sprayed once after insertion, with no overlap between leaves as the degree. 5. Management after insertion. First, it is necessary to build a shade shed, spray water in time and control the temperature and humidity. From cutting to rooting, preventing withering is the key to survival. The specific method is to spray water once immediately after the seedbed is inserted, so that the cuttings are closely connected with the base inserted into the soil. Then shade the seedbed, check and spray water frequently, and keep the temperature at 20℃ ~ 25℃ and relative humidity at 80% ~ 85% to meet the rainstorm weather in time.
Clean ditches and drain water. Second, it is necessary to weed and control pests and diseases in time. After cutting, carbendazim 1000 times should be sprayed every half month to prevent diseases. Third, we must temper the seedlings in time. After the seedlings take root, they can gradually remove the shade and extend the light. Fourth, topdressing in time. Spraying 0. 1% ~ 0.2% dilute urea solution every 7 ~ 10 days after the seedlings take root to make the cuttings grow healthily. Fifth, transplant in time. After the roots of the seedlings are aged, the seedlings can be transplanted to the nursery to expand the nutritional space and cultivate qualified seedlings. (3) Precautions (1) to prevent reverse insertion. (2) The cuttings are closely connected with the soil. (3) Different thicknesses should be cut in different grades, so as to grow neatly and reduce differentiation. Fourth, think about the problem (1) What methods are there to promote the rooting of cuttings, and what problems should be paid attention to in production? (2) How to determine the best time for cutting cuttings? Cutting propagation of Rhododendron is to insert some vegetative organs (roots, stems, branches, leaves, buds, etc.). ) into the culture medium (soil, sand or other culture medium, etc.). ) Under certain conditions, and by using the regenerative ability of plants, this part of vegetative organs will grow the missing parts and become complete and independent new plants without leaving the mother. This method of propagation is called cutting propagation. Cutting seedling can save seeds, reduce seedling cost, accelerate seedling propagation and maintain the excellent characteristics of varieties. According to the growth and lignification degree of branches and leaves, it can be divided into hard branch cutting and soft branch cutting. Nowadays, most plants are propagated by softwood cutting. In this experiment, the twigs and hard branches of Rhododendron which have been domesticated for two years are used as cuttings, and five cutting substrates, such as river sand vermiculite, are used to treat cuttings with different concentrations of IBA solution. It is concluded that the survival rate of cuttage seedling can be significantly improved by adding vermiculite matrix from river sand. IBA is a ubiquitous endogenous auxin in plants and belongs to indole compounds. Binomial auxin, auxin and isoauxin. It is easy to decompose in light and air, not resistant to storage, and safe for people and animals. Promoting the rooting of cuttings is one of its earliest applications, especially for the cuttings of rhododendrons, which has a good effect. Key words: Rhododendron, cutting propagation test report
Legend of Rhododendron: According to legend, there was an emperor in Shu named Du Yu, who loved the people very much. After his death, his soul became a cuckoo. Every spring, cuckoo flies to wake people up, "Hurry up and spread food! Fast food! " The mouth shouted blood, and the blood dripped on the ground, staining the azaleas all over the mountain. Indeed, azaleas are beautiful. Tubular flowers have many colors, such as crimson, reddish, rose, purple and white. When azaleas are in full bloom in spring, the mountains are full of bright colors, like rosy clouds surrounding the forest, which is known as "the beauty in flowers". Colorful azaleas arouse people's warmth and beautiful feelings for life, and also symbolize the prosperity of the country and the happy life of the people. This is the true meaning of our people's love for cuckoo. The representative species of rhododendron is commonly known as "Rhododendron". Almost all the provinces in the Yangtze River basin, even in the sparse forests or bushes in mountainous and hilly areas such as Yunnan and Taiwan Province. Funnel-shaped flowers with sour petals can be eaten as fruit, but you can't eat too much at a time, otherwise you will have nosebleeds. Nepal, a famous mountain country in South Asia, regards rhododendron as the national flower. There is a red azalea in full bloom on their national emblem. 1. Characteristics and characteristics of rhododendrons 1. 1. Rhododendron is a semi-evergreen shrub of Rhododendron in Ericaceae, which can reach 4-5 meters in height, with many branches, alternate leaves, whole margin and often clustered branches. Spring leaves are oval to oblong, 3.5-7 cm long and 1-3.5 cm wide. Flowers bisexual, arranged in terminal umbrella racemes, sometimes solitary leaf axils. Calyx cup-shaped, 5-lobed; Closed corolla, bell-shaped or funnel-shaped, 5-lobed in the upper part, with dark brown spots or shallow halo on the throat of corolla. Stamens 10. A capsule with many small seeds. The flowering period is from February to April. 1.2 The ecological habits of Rhododendron like cool, mild and humid climate. High temperature above 35℃ will affect the growth and can withstand short-term low temperature of-10℃. I like fertile and loose acidic soil, with a pH of PH4.5-5.5, and I don't want to accumulate water. The occurrence and differentiation of flower buds need high temperature, which is between 20℃ and 27℃, and flower buds cannot be formed below 12℃. Rhododendron is one of the most important commercial potted flowers in the world. It is native to the south of the Yangtze River valley in China and also distributed in Vietnam. At present, most of the road green belts in Ganzhou are azaleas. 2. General situation of test site
The experimental area is located in Zhoujia Vegetable Garden, Xin 'an Village, Jinshi Township, suichuan county, Ji 'an City, Jiangxi Province. The experimental area belongs to subtropical monsoon humid climate zone, with geographical coordinates of 25028/32 ″ to 26042/55 ″ north latitude and113056/51″ east longitude. The annual average temperature is15.1℃-18.7℃, and the annual average rainfall is1421.2mm. The transplanting bed is in a semi-cloudy environment in the north and south. 3. The experimental methods are hard branch cutting and soft branch cutting. In each cutting method, 30 experiments were formed in 10 block by using 5 different cutting substrates and 3 IBA solutions with different concentrations. Hard-branch cutting takes yellow soil, perlite, cinder, humus soil and river sand vermiculite as substrates, and uses rooting powder aqueous solutions with concentrations of 50 mg/L and 500mg/ Ba Li respectively. It is suitable to soak 1-2cm and treat 12h to form three blocks 15 experiments. Soft-branch cutting takes yellow soil, perlite, humus soil, river sand vermiculite and coal cinder as substrates, and is soaked in clean water with rooting powder aqueous solutions with concentrations of 50 mg/L and 500 mg/Ba Li respectively. 4. The process and observation records of the experimental area 4. 1 hardwood cutting 4. 1 Bed planting Preparation March 2 1 day, a piece of north-south semi-shady land with a length of 2.5 meters and a width of 1 meter was selected as the bed planting, and stones were picked up and weeds were removed, and divided into five sections, 4. Cut off 2-3 lower leaves and 2-3 upper leaves from the petiole base 1/2 to reduce water transpiration and evaporation. Align the lower part according to 50 bundles, bind *** 15 bundles with straw, vertically put every 5 bundles into 50 mg/L and 500 mg/L Ba Li rooting powder aqueous solution, and soak them in clear water.
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Report on plant cutting test
Report on plant cutting test
Experiment 4: the experiment of cutting seedling of garden plants
First, the experimental purpose
Understand the principle, production process and factors affecting the survival of garden plant cuttings, practice the methods of cutting collection, cutting, storage and cutting, and initially learn the techniques of cutting selection, cutting, cutting and post-cutting management.
Second, the experimental principle
Cutting seedling raising is a method to develop a complete plant by using the regeneration ability of garden plant organs and the ability of adventitious roots or buds to take the roots, stems and leaves of plants as propagation materials.
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