There is a fish with two big thorns under its mouth. Sihong people call it skin needle fish. This kind of fish is basically cooked with skin. What kind of fish is this?

Stickleback fish, also known as Pelteobagrus fulvidraco.

Pelteobagrus fulvidraco of Siluriformes, Siluridae. Also known as Yellow Latin, Gayazi, Yellow Finfish and Yellow Bitter, they are widely distributed in the Pacific water system in eastern China. Living in still water or slow-flowing shallows, not sleeping during the day and coming out at night. Body length 123- 143mm, omnivorous. Its main food is benthic invertebrates, and its food is mostly small fish, aquatic insects and other small aquatic animals. April-May spawning, parent fish have the habit of digging holes and nesting to protect their offspring. During the reproductive period, males have the habit of nesting.

Basic situation Pelteobagrus fulvidraco belongs to Silurianidae and Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. Commonly known as: play

Pelteobagrus fulvidraco (4 pieces)

Tigray, Goya, Anggong and Ga fish cackled, and yellow Latin, silk, yellow bone fish, electric cat fish, catfish beard and anglerfish were also called fish in a few places. English name: yellow catfish.

Body length, flat abdomen and slightly flat back. The head is big and flat, the kiss is round and blunt, the mouth is big, the position is low, the upper and lower jaws have fluffy teeth and the eyes are small. There are 4 pairs of whiskers, and most species have extremely long maxillary whiskers. Both scaleless dorsal fin and pectoral fin have hard spines, and the tips of the hard spines are toxic, which can make sounds when the spines are active. The pectoral fin is very short. The body is blue-yellow, and most species have irregular brown stripes; Each fin is grayish black with yellow.

Pelteobagrus fulvidraco fry

Pelteobagrus fulvidraco

Pelteobagrus fulvidraco

Pelteobagrus fulvidraco

Edit the living habits of this paragraph. Pelteobagrus fulvidraco is mostly quiet.

Pelteobagrus fulvidraco

Moving in slow-flowing places or rivers, living under the sea. Live at the bottom of the lake during the day and swim to the surface for food at night. I have strong adaptability to the environment, so I can live in harsh environmental conditions. Young fish mostly feed along rivers and lakes.

Pelteobagrus fulvidraco (5 pieces)

This kind of fish belongs to warm water fish. The survival temperature is 0~38℃. The optimum growth temperature is 25~28℃, the pH value is 6.0~9.0, and the optimum pH value is 7.0~8.4. Hypoxia tolerance is average. Dissolved oxygen in water normally grows above 3mg/L, floats below 2mg/L, and suffocates below1mg/L. ..

Pelteobagrus fulvidraco (5 pieces)

Editor's note: The feeding habit of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco is carnivorous omnivorous fish. Foraging activities usually take place at night. Food includes small fish, shrimp, various terrestrial and aquatic insects (especially chironomid larvae), small mollusks and other aquatic invertebrates, and sometimes they prey on small fish. Its feeding habits vary with the environment and seasons. In spring and summer, it often devours the eggs of other fish. In the cold season, there are more small fish in the food, and the benthos gradually decrease. Different specifications of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco have different feeding habits, with a body length of 2~4cm, mainly feeding on copepods and cladocera; Individuals with a body length of 5~8cm mainly feed on zooplankton and aquatic insects; Individuals over 8cm eat mollusks (especially earthworms) and small fish.

Pelteobagrus fulvidraco (4 pieces)

The growth rate of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco at this age is slow, and the common individual weight is 200 ~ 300 g. In natural waters, 1 year-old fish can.

Pelteobagrus fulvidraco

The body length is 56 mm and the weight is 5.7 grams. The body length of the 2nd instar fish can reach 98.3 mm and the weight is 20.6 grams. The third instar fish can grow to 135.5mm and weigh 36.1g. The 4th instar fish can grow to 160. 1mm and weigh 58.2g, and the 5th instar fish can grow to 177.7mm and weigh 81.3g. The males of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco are generally larger than females. 1~2-year-old fish grow faster, and then grow slower. The 5-year-old fish is only 250 mm, and some species grow slowly, attacking other domestic fish.

The reproductive Pelteobagrus fulvidraco reached sexual maturity (about 3 years old) in 2~4 winters, and the minimum mature individuals was female fish 1 1.7cm, and male fish 14.8cm. Sexually mature males have a reproductive process behind the anus, while females do not. Laying eggs in the south from April to May and in the north in June.

Photo album of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco (26 photos)

, is one of the late spawning fish. The water temperature should be 20~30℃. Oviposition activities are carried out at night, and eggs can be laid when the weather turns from sunny to rainy. Pelteobagrus fulvidraco has the habit of nesting and laying eggs to protect its offspring. When spawning, the parent fish chooses sandy mudflats with aquatic plants, with a water depth of 8~ 10cm, and pectoral fins intermittently prick the mud bottom. Several fish nests are put together, dozens of them are a group, and they are not far apart to form a hole group. Each hole has a diameter of about15cm and a depth of about10cm, where eggs are laid and fertilized. The male fish protects the eggs from hatching in the hole. When other fish approached the hole, the male fish pounced on the intruder and drove the invading fish out. And often use huge pectoral fins to stir, let the water in the hole circulate, and use the water flow to assist the hatching of eggs. Guard until the larvae can swim by themselves (7~8 days). During this time, males hardly eat. After laying eggs, the female fish leave the nest in search of food. The fecundity of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco is 1086~4469, and the diameter of mature eggs is1.7 mm. The fertilized eggs are yellow and sticky, and sink to the bottom of the nest or develop on the fibrous roots of aquatic plants attached to the nest wall. Its eggs are about 2.5 mm in diameter and can hatch in two days. Pelteobagrus fulvidraco can lay eggs in batches.

Pelteobagrus fulvidraco (5 pieces)

Edit the classification of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco in this paragraph. There are many kinds of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, including Pelteobagrus vachelli, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco and Angkor.

Pelteobagrus fulvidraco

Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco and so on.

Pelteobagrus fulvidraco

Kiss short. Must be 4 pairs; Maxillary beard is long, and the end exceeds the middle of pectoral fin. The body is scaleless. The posterior edge of dorsal fin spine is serrated. The pectoral fin spines are as long as the dorsal fin spines, and the front and rear edges are serrated. Lipfin is short. Gluteal fin strip 2 1 ~ 23. The caudal fin is deeply forked. The nose hair is all black. It is a common fish in rivers and lakes, especially in the middle and lower reaches of lakes. Life under the sea in the camp. Eat insects, shrimp, snails and small fish. Individuals are not widely distributed in the Yangtze River system.

Pelteobagrus fulvidraco (5 pieces)

Pelteobagrus vachelli

(Hard corner yellow Latin, Jiang Wei)

The top of the head is covered with a thin layer of skin. There must be 4 pairs, and the end of maxillary whisker exceeds the base of pectoral fin. The body is scaleless. The dorsal fin spine is longer than the pectoral fin spine, and the posterior edge is serrated. The pectoral fin spine has a smooth front edge and a serrated back edge. The end of the ventral fin reaches the gluteal fin. The base of fat fin is slightly shorter than the base of gluteal fin. Gluteal fin strip 2 1 ~ 25. For bottom fish. All rivers and lakes can survive, especially rivers. The staple food is insect larvae and shrimp. The largest individual is about 2 kg. Distributed in the Yangtze River and Pearl River systems.

Pelteobagrus fulvidraco

(Jianzui Huangpi, you Huanggu)

Pelteobagrus fulvidraco (5 pieces)

The kiss is short and slightly sharp. There are 4 pairs of whiskers, the maxilla is slightly shorter, and the end does not reach the base of pectoral fin. The dorsal fin spine is longer than the pectoral fin spine, and the posterior edge is serrated, while the anterior edge of the pectoral fin spine is smooth and the posterior edge is serrated. The end of the ventral fin can reach the beginning of the gluteal fin. The base of fat fin is shorter than that of gluteal fin, with 22 ~ 25 gluteal fin strips. The caudal fin is deeply forked. Life in the middle and lower classes of Jianghu. Eat aquatic insects and shrimp. Laying eggs in shallow coastal waters from April to May. When breeding, the male fish digs a round hole at the bottom of the pot, which is covered with aquatic plants. Female fish lay eggs in the cave, and male fish wait by the cave to protect the development of fish eggs. The individual is not big, and the common body length is 80 ~ 140mm. Distributed in the Yangtze River system.

Pelteobagrus vachelli

(Hard horny yellow Latin, Jiang Wei, Langsi, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, oxtail, Qikoutou, hornfish, Gayazi)

Taxonomically, it belongs to Silurus, which is distributed in the Yangtze River, Pearl River and Heilongjiang River basins in China, as well as lakes connected with the Yangtze River, and can form natural populations. Pelteobagrus vachelli is an important wild economic fish in China. Pelteobagrus vachelli likes to inhabit the slow Liujiang section of the river and the lake water connected with the river, and live in benthic organisms. Its tender meat, delicious taste, no muscle thorn and rich nutrition are deeply loved by consumers. Pelteobagrus vachelli is much larger than Pelteobagrus vachelli, and the largest individual can reach more than 1kg.

Pelteobagrus fulvidraco (5 pieces)

Edit this section of aquaculture technology i. Introduction to technology

Pelteobagrus fulvidraco also has a huge market in Japan, South Korea, Southeast Asia and other countries, and it is an excellent variety to earn foreign exchange through export.

Pelteobagrus fulvidraco

Artificial culture of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco is a new culture technology developed in recent years.

Second, the main points of operation

1. Pond conditions.

The pond area of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco is not strict, but it can be large or small, but the water depth should be kept above 1.5 meters, the silt at the bottom of the pond should not be too thick, and the sediment bottom is better. The pond requires convenient irrigation and drainage and sufficient water. Fish species should be disinfected with quicklime when they enter tang qian, and 75-90 kilograms of quicklime should be used in each mu of pond to thoroughly remove wild fish and kill pathogenic organisms.

2. The pond is mainly raised.

Pelteobagrus fulvidraco is mainly cultured in ponds. The fish species size is 10- 15cm, the weight is about 15-35g, and the yield per mu is about 2,500-5,000. The silver carp and bighead carp are 100 respectively. The daily feeding amount of bait is about 1%-4% of the weight of fish and 10% of the weight of small miscellaneous fish and shrimp. The artificial compound feed can be prepared according to the following formula: fish meal 30%-40%, vegetable cake 10%-35%, bean cake 20%-30%, secondary meal 15%- 18% and rice bran 10%. Because Pelteobagrus fulvidraco is a carnivorous omnivorous fish, the protein content and quality of feed should be high, otherwise it will affect the normal growth of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. Artificial feed can be directly fed to domesticated artificial seedlings, and working feed needs to be domesticated for about 1 week before it can be normally fed to natural seedlings. Taming method: firstly, sprinkle minced fish along the edge of the pool, and after 1-2 days, when the fish start feeding, gradually add artificial bait and stir it into minced fish, throw it at the water's edge at a fixed point, and finally turn it into all-artificial feed, and feed it at a fixed point, at a fixed time and in a fixed amount.

Pelteobagrus fulvidraco (5 pieces)

3. polyculture.

When interplanting Pelteobagrus fulvidraco in other fish ponds, some wild fish and shrimp in the pond can be used without feeding Pelteobagrus fulvidraco alone. Put 50- 100 fish of about 35g per mu, and you can get 10- 15kg commercial Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. The stocking specifications of interplanting Pelteobagrus fulvidraco should not be too small, and other fierce carnivorous fish, such as catfish and snakehead, should not be stocked in the pool.

4. Water quality management.

Pelteobagrus fulvidraco's hypoxia tolerance is worse than that of conventional fish, and it likes clean water. Therefore, the transparency of pond water for culturing Pelteobagrus fulvidraco should be kept at 35-40 cm, and ponds with high stocking density should be equipped with aerators to prevent anoxic floating. Replenish fresh water regularly. The pool water of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco should not be too alkaline, and the amount of quicklime used for disease prevention should not exceed 20g/m3.

5. Prevention and treatment of fish diseases.

Pelteobagrus fulvidraco has strong disease resistance, and there is generally no serious illness in culture. However, due to the season, temperature, water quality, feeding, scale-free characteristics of fish and the influence of bacteria and parasites in ponds, local infections and diseases caused by parasites parasitic in gill filaments and internal organs of fish can also be caused, so it is necessary to pay attention to observation in peacetime and prevent abnormal situations in advance.

Edit this paragraph for artificial propagation and parent fish cultivation of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco.

The source of parent fish can be collected in the wild or cultivated artificially. It is required to select adult fish over 1 winter age, with strong physique and full body fat for breeding. Pelteobagrus fulvidraco is mainly benthic, afraid of light, weak predation ability, and the effect of monoculture is generally not good. Best with silver carp and bighead carp. The polyculture pond requires excellent water quality, convenient irrigation and drainage, and the water surface 1 ~ 3 mu, preferably sandy loam with a little silt. The stocking density of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco is generally 300 ~ 500 per mu.

The main food of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco is snails, small fish, shrimps, aquatic insects and its larvae, roots, stems and leaves of aquatic plants, and artificial feed is also eaten. In order to ensure that the parent fish of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco have enough food, it is necessary to keep the water fresh and have a certain degree of fatness to facilitate the growth and reproduction of benthic organisms, and small fish can be raised in the pond. Like what? Strips, wheat ear fish, crucian carp, etc. Creature used as fee. The offspring of artificially propagated Pelteobagrus fulvidraco have strong adaptability to artificial feed. The formula of artificial feed should pay attention to the content of protein, which should not be lower than 38% generally, because Pelteobagrus fulvidraco is a carnivorous fish.

induced labor

Pelteobagrus fulvidraco lays eggs in batches, with a long spawning period, and lays eggs along the Yangtze River from mid-May to mid-July. Because of the relationship between water temperature and sunshine, the north and south are shortened and extended accordingly. The sexual maturity age of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco is 1 winter age, and its body length is between 13cm ~ 18cm. For fish of the same age, males are generally larger than females. Males and females can be distinguished according to their external reproductive pores. The female fish has a reproductive hole and a urinary hole, while the male fish has only one reproductive hole, which is a mastoid. During the breeding season, the abdomen of female fish is swollen and soft, and the reproductive hole is swollen and protruding. Gently press the abdomen with your hand, which makes you feel active. The male fish's reproductive hole is prominent and red and swollen.

There are two methods for artificial propagation of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco.

Artificial induced spawning and natural fertilization: after induced spawning, the parent fish is put into the spawning pond with fish nest according to the ratio of male to female of 1: 1 for natural fertilization. The spawning pond is generally a cement pond of 1 ~ 2 meters, and the fish nest can be made of 35 mesh ethylene net. Because Pelteobagrus fulvidraco likes black and hates light, stones and tiles can be used to build 1 ~ 2 acupoints in the spawning pond.

Artificial insemination: after laying eggs, put the parent fish back into the temporary breeding pool, kill the male fish when the effect time comes, take out the honeycomb testis and cut it into pieces, and then squeeze out the eggs of the female fish for artificial insemination. This method has high fertilization rate and orderly development, but the male fish has thick abdominal wall and small testis. Semen is not easy to be squeezed out, so it is necessary to remove testicles by laparotomy, which is troublesome and expensive. Cyprinus carpio pituitary (PG) and chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) are the most effective oxytocin drugs. The general dose is that the female parent fish weighs less than 80 ~ 100g, and each fish is injected with 500 international units HCG or 1mg PG. The male fish is halved.

hatch

The eggs of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco are yellow and sticky, and naturally fertilized eggs are generally firmly attached to the fish nest. After spawning, it can be taken out and incubated in running water or still water aerobic pool. Artificial fertilized eggs can be directly and evenly scattered on the internet, and oozing blood is the same as above. Talcum powder can also be used for debonding and incubating in an incubator or ring. Generally, when the water temperature is 23 ~ 27℃, the fertilized egg comes out of the membrane after 62 ~ 63 hours, and the yolk sac disappears after 7 ~ 8 days. Water temperature and dissolved oxygen have great influence on the incubation of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, and the optimum incubation temperature is 22 ~ 28℃. In this range, the higher the temperature, the faster the development. In the process of embryo development, the oxygen consumption suddenly increases, and the oxygen content of hatching water should generally not be lower than 4 ~ 5 mg per liter of water. In addition, the water quality is required to be fresh. Enemies such as cyclops, shrimp, small fish and tadpoles are very harmful to fertilized eggs, so the hatching water must be filtered. Attention should also be paid to prevent water mold from appearing during incubation. [ 1]

pond culture

Pond culture of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco can be divided into two forms: main culture and interplanting culture.

First, the main cultivation of yellow

Pelteobagrus fulvidraco

First, prepare the pond. Pelteobagrus fulvidraco has low requirements for ponds. Generally, ponds with sufficient water sources, fresh and pollution-free water quality and convenient irrigation and drainage are selected, with an area of 3- 10 mu. It is best not to choose an aging pond with thick silt. Each pond must have a controllable entrance and exit. Generally, the main pond area is 3-5 mu or less than 10 mu, and the water depth is 1.5-2.0 m, which is not conducive to the requirements of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco for low light feeding.

Clean and disinfect the pond with quicklime (70-90 kg/mu) or bleaching powder (4-6 kg/mu) 0/5 days before releasing fish. Generally, 0.8- 1.0m water is added on the second day after pond disinfection, and 350kg/ mu fermented and decomposed organic fertilizer is applied on the third and fourth days to propagate natural bait. When the toxicity disappears completely, add fish species and fill the pond water.

Each pond is equipped with 1 1.5kW-3.0kW aerator.

Second, it is required that the fish released from natural waters or artificially cultured fish are disease-free and healthy, and the specifications are basically the same. Generally, the tail weight is about 15g, and the stocking period is from March to April, with 1000- 1500 tail per mu; Intercropping 100- 150 Megalobrama amblycephala fingerlings with a tail weight of about 100g/mu at the same time; 50-80 silver carp and bighead carp weighing 50g. It is not advisable to use omnivorous bottom fish such as carp, crucian carp and tilapia. The living habits of these fish are similar to those of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. The mixed culture of these fish will compete with Pelteobagrus fulvidraco for food and habitat, which will affect the growth of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco.

After putting the Pelteobagrus fulvidraco into the pond 1 week, in order to make full use of the water space in the pond, some other fish that are not in conflict with the ecology and feeding habits of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco were released, such as 50 silver carp with body length 15-20cm per mu and 200 silver carp with body length 15-20cm per mu. When fish species are stocked, they should be cleaned and disinfected with 3%-5% salt water to kill bacteria and parasites on the surface of fish. Before the fry enter the pond, the temperature difference between the water temperature in the fish basket and the water in the stocking pond shall not exceed 3℃.

Third, the daily management insists on patrolling the pond three times in the morning, noon and evening, carefully observing the activities, feeding and growth of fish, and handling problems in time when found; Inject fresh water frequently to prevent the deterioration of water quality, and also to prevent fish from getting sick and floating. It is best to inject 20-30 cm of fresh water every 10 day, and turn on the aerator in rainy days.

Pelteobagrus fulvidraco (5 pieces)

Due to long-term feeding, the pond water quality will gradually change to weak acidity, which is not conducive to the growth of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. The pH value of the pond water can be adjusted to 7.0-8.4 by reasonable medication. Most of the drugs used to adjust the water quality of ponds are quicklime, which is usually used 1 time for half a month, and the dosage is 15-25 kg/mu each time. Fourth, matters needing attention. When stocking, fishing, counting and transporting fish, the operation should be light and the tools used should be stable so as not to hurt the fish. The tolerance of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco to commonly used aquatic drugs is not as good as that of the four major fishes, which may be because Pelteobagrus fulvidraco is a scaleless fish. Therefore, the dosage of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco must be strictly controlled to prevent the poisoning death of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. Pelteobagrus fulvidraco is sensitive to drugs such as copper sulfate and trichlorfon, so it should be used with caution.

Out of the pool must be based on the size of specifications and market conditions. Generally, it can be listed above100g.

Second, interplanting Pelteobagrus fulvidraco

First, variety collocation. The stocking time of fish species is generally selected in winter or early spring, the stocking specifications are generally above 20g/ fish, and the stocking density is generally 2000-3000 fish/mu. Before stocking fish, they should be soaked in 3-5% salt solution 10- 15 minutes before stocking. At the same time, the fish species of silver carp in summer are 1000 and 3000 respectively.

Pelteobagrus fulvidraco

Pelteobagrus fulvidraco is mixed in the pond, and other kinds of fish are raised in the pond. Usually, directly interplanting large summer flowers of about 5 cm or winter seedlings of 10- 15 g in the pond can improve the yield and economic benefits of high-quality fish in the pond without increasing the cost of feed, labor and water and electricity.

Second, the nesting density should be determined according to the stocking and feeding of other bottom fish. In the commercial fish ponds with conventional feeding methods, there are 250 large summer flowers about 5 cm long or 2.5 kg 10- 15 g of winter fry nested per mu. Large-scale summer flowers can grow into adult fish with an average size of 100- 150g by the end of the year after interplanting for one growing season. The interplanting amount of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco can be doubled in ponds that do not mainly raise bottom fish such as carp and crucian carp.

Third, daily management In the process of breeding diced yellow pepper, daily management is more important, mainly feeding bait. Pelteobagrus fulvidraco is an omnivorous fish, and its bait is carnivorous. The feed can be prepared by mincing 30%-40% of fresh miscellaneous fish and shrimp into fish slurry, then mixing with 60%-70% of plant powdery bait (4 parts of bean cake, 3 parts of wheat and 2 parts of corn), and adding 1% of vitamins and inorganic salts to make granular feed for feeding. According to the group feeding habits of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, a fixed feeding platform is set in the pond, and there are generally 1-2 feeding platforms per mu of fish pond. Feed the fish at fixed points twice a day, and the feeding amount accounts for 5%-9% of the body weight of the pond fish. Generally, it is 1 time at 7-8 am and 5-6 pm every day. Considering the life habit of feeding Pelteobagrus fulvidraco at night, the feeding amount in the morning is 1/3 of the daily feeding amount. When conditions permit, fresh bait such as Daphnia, earthworm and fly maggot can be appropriately fed. In the vigorous growth period of fish, some aquatic plants and land grasses can be properly fed for feeding Megalobrama amblycephala.

Because there are many animal feeds on the ground, the water quality is easy to deteriorate, so it is necessary to inject new water frequently. Generally, change the water 1 time every half month, and change the water 1/4- 1/3 every time to keep the water fresh and the dissolved oxygen sufficient. During the growing season (April-September), spray 1 time every 15-20 days, with the dosage of10-15kg per mu, and adjust the pH value of the pond water (6.8-8.5). Some live snails, etc. It should be put in properly to purify the water quality and serve as bait.

Fourth, prevention and treatment of fish diseases Pelteobagrus fulvidraco has strong disease resistance and few diseases. As long as it is properly prevented, it is generally not easy to get sick. In the process of breeding, water bodies and dining tables should be disinfected regularly. Add 1% salt to the fish slurry regularly and feed it continuously for 5-7 days. The bait should be fresh and clean, and the rotten bait should not be fed. Disinfect 1- 1.5 mg/m3 bleaching powder or 0.3 mg/m3 strong chlorine essence 1 time every month. When the observation in the patrol pool shows that Pelteobagrus fulvidraco is not eating well and moves slowly, it should be checked immediately. Once the disease is found, it should be examined by microscope in time, and after comprehensive analysis and diagnosis, the right medicine should be given. And strengthen the pool water renewal and disinfection measures. Pelteobagrus fulvidraco

Key points of high-yield techniques for intensive cultivation

Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, commonly known as Huangyatou, is widely distributed in major water systems, and the varieties produced in Poyang Lake are of the highest quality. Pelteobagrus fulvidraco is favored by consumers because of its tender and delicious meat.

1. Pond conditions Intensive cultivation and high-yield fish ponds require good water source, convenient irrigation and drainage, area of 1334-3335 square meters (2-5 mu), water depth of 1.5-2 m, fresh water quality, rich dissolved oxygen and little sludge at the bottom of the pond. The still pool must be equipped with an aerator.

Drain the pond water 7 days before sowing, and clean the pond with quicklime 1 00 kg for disinfection every 667 square meters (1mu). On the third day, fresh water was injected to kill centipedes, tadpoles and other enemies with "90 1 fishnet" to improve the survival rate of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco fry.

Pelteobagrus fulvidraco

2. The artificially propagated Pelteobagrus fulvidraco fry in Poyang Lake area can reach 1.5cm in early June, and it is best to temporarily raise it in a cement pond or a small soil pond for 10 day, and then put it in the pond when it reaches the specifications of about 3 cm in summer flowers. During the temporary feeding period, red worms and minced fish were mainly fed, and mixed with powdered compound feed in the later period. The stocking amount depends on pond conditions and feed safety. Generally, the stocking quantity can reach 5000-8000 per 667 square meters. In general, after 120- 150 days, the tail weight can reach the commodity specification of100-150g, and the output per unit area of 667m2 is 500-800kg. Pelteobagrus fulvidraco is mild in temperament and weak in predation ability, so it is not suitable for feeding other predatory fish. In order to adjust the water quality and make rational use of natural bait, it is necessary to polyculture about 200 large-scale silver carp and bighead carp (above 100g/ fish) within 667 square meters, and the polyculture yield can reach 150kg.

Before stocking, fry should be disinfected with 3.5% salt solution or 60 mg/L formaldehyde bath for 5 minutes to kill germs and parasites on the body surface. Because of the high temperature, it is best to do it in a cage wrapped in colored cloth.

3. Feed feeding Pelteobagrus fulvidraco is an omnivorous fish fed by animals. The premise of intensive cultivation and high yield is to feed a large number of high-quality feed and feed it scientifically. It is necessary to set up 2-4 food tables for training so that the fish can concentrate on grabbing food at a fixed time and place. Before the tail weighs 20 grams, mix the fish with powdered compound feed, add water and knead it into balls to feed; The tail weight is 20-50g, and the compound feed (or shredded fry feed) with the particle size of 65438 0.5mm and the crude protein content of 35%-40% is fed; If the tail weight is more than 50 grams, replace the compound feed with a particle size of 2.5 mm and a crude protein content of about 30%.

During the breeding period, we should strictly carry out "four fixed" feeding: first, fixed points. Feed should be placed on or near the dining table. Don't feed the pond at will, and don't switch places with the fish. The second is timing. Feed daily 1/3 at 9- 10 in the morning and 2/3 at 4-5 in the afternoon for 30 minutes, and feed at the rhythm of "slow, fast and slow" to avoid nutrient loss. The third is quantification. The daily feeding amount is adjusted with the change of water temperature and the growth of fish, and the daily feeding rate is 3%-8%. Generally, most fish leave the table 1 hour after feeding. The fourth is qualitative. Ensure that the feed is fresh and does not go bad. On the premise of reasonable price, select high-quality feed with high protein content, balanced nutrition, good palatability and good stability. In general, the feed coefficient is about 2.5. The lakeside area is rich in wild fish resources, which can be mixed with chilled fish to reduce the feeding cost.

4. Water quality management Pelteobagrus fulvidraco likes clean water, and the dissolved oxygen in the pool is required to reach 5 mg/L, and it should not be lower than 3 mg/L most of the day. Due to the high density and high protein feed in intensive ponds, excreta and residues can easily deteriorate the water quality, leading to hypoxia and even flooding. During the breeding period, on the one hand, new water should be injected regularly to replace old water to ensure the fresh, lively, tender and cool water quality; On the other hand, it is necessary to use the aerator reasonably and make full use of its stirring, aeration and aeration functions to avoid the low dissolved oxygen syndrome caused by eutrophication of the pool water.

5. Prevention and treatment of fish diseases Pelteobagrus fulvidraco rarely occurs in natural waters, but intensive high-density artificial feeding is prone to bacterial sexually transmitted diseases and parasitic diseases. Frequent washing, digging, removing residual bait and disinfection are effective preventive measures. During the feeding period, the water should be disinfected regularly, such as spraying 0.3 mg/L of strong chlorine essence or 20 mg/L of formaldehyde, 0.7 mg/L of copper sulfate and ferrous sulfate in the whole pond, combined with oral furazolidone (adding 0.5 g per kg of feed for 7 days), which has good control effect. If the condition is serious, you can also pull the net together and take a bath with 50-60 mg/L formaldehyde for 5 minutes. In addition, applying quicklime 15 kg every 667 square meters every half month can not only adjust the water quality, but also prevent the spread of fish diseases. Fry stocking and feeding management

Fried socks:

Stocking density: 50,000-654,380,000+should be stocked per mu, and single rearing is preferred. Pay attention to the following points when releasing seedlings:

(1) fry must be kept above 0.9 cm, have good vitality and swim normally, and have eaten fry.

⑵ fry in the same pond shall be the same batch of fry. Avoid uneven cultivation specifications, operate briskly when stocking, and pay attention to the temperature difference of seedlings, which should not exceed 2℃.

(3) Before stocking fry, be sure to test the water. The method is: put a few fry in a bucket of water, and after 12 hours observation, there is no abnormal phenomenon, so you can safely stock the fry.

Feeding management:

(1) water quality management: fry are put into shallow water (40-60 cm), and then injected with water every 3-5 days, 8-1 0 cm each time, keeping a certain water color and controlling the transparency at 30-40 cm.

⑵ Feeding: After the fry enter the pond, no feeding or a small amount of mixed pellet feed is started. After one week, feed 1 time in the morning and evening, and the daily dosage is 0.25-0.5 kg of compound feed per 10,000 seedlings. Reference formula of compound feed: fresh fish 35%, bean cake powder 25%, wheat bran 23%, corn flour 15% and adhesive 2%.

Feeding mode: According to the feeding habits of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, multi-point feeding mode is adopted, and the feeding area accounts for 6- 10% of the pond area.

Edit this paragraph polyculture technology Pelteobagrus fulvidraco is a benthic omnivorous fish with tender meat, rich nutrition and high economic value.

Pelteobagrus fulvidraco (13)

It is a breeding variety with great market potential. Pelteobagrus fulvidraco has strong adaptability, and its growth rate is slower than that of Cyprinidae, but it grows faster for the species itself. The fry propagated in that year can meet the commodity specifications, and the population yield is high. At present, artificial propagation technology is not mature, and large-scale artificial propagation is difficult, so it is imperative to carry out polyculture. Mixed culture of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco in fish ponds has the following advantages: first, it can eat low-value small miscellaneous fish and shrimp, fish residual bait, organic debris, zooplankton, etc., and improve the net output of fish ponds. Secondly, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco can reduce the occurrence of fish diseases by eating anchovies and other parasites in water. Third, on the basis of not affecting the yield of the main varieties, 5 kg ~ 20 kg of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco will be cultivated per mu, and the benefit will be increased by more than RMB 100 per mu. The polyculture technology is introduced as follows:

Mixed culture of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco in adult fish ponds has no strict requirements for the main fish in ponds. Pelteobagrus fulvidraco can be mixed in fish ponds where four major fish are cultured and fish ponds where main feed fish (such as carp, crucian carp, tilapia and freshwater pomfret) are cultured. The fish pond covers an area of 20-30 mu and the water depth is 2-2.5 meters. Adequate water source, good water quality and convenient water injection and drainage. Generally, 40 ~ 50 Pelteobagrus fulvidraco are released per mu, with the specification of 3 cm/tail to 4 cm/tail, which can increase the yield of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco by 5 kg ~ 8 kg per mu.

Parent fish ponds polyculture parent fish ponds polyculture can not only make full use of the water space of parent fish ponds and improve the utilization rate of parent fish ponds, but also allow Pelteobagrus fulvidraco to eat small wild fish that compete with parent fish ponds for food and oxygen consumption. After the artificial propagation of parent fish is completed, 40 ~ 60 Pelteobagrus fulvidraco per mu, with the size of 2cm/ tail ~ 3cm/ tail, can increase the yield of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco by 6 kg ~ 10 kg per mu.

Mixed culture of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco in adult crab ponds can make full use of natural bait biological resources in crab ponds. Generally, the crab pond covers an area of 30-50 mu, and the coverage rate of aquatic plants is about 50%. After the crab species are stocked, 30-50 Pelteobagrus fulvidraco are stocked per mu, the specification is 3cm/tail-5cm/tail, and the Pelteobagrus fulvidraco can be increased by 5 kg- 10 kg per mu.

There are many low-value wild miscellaneous fish in rivers and ditches, and mixed culture of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco can save artificial bait. Generally, 40 ~ 60 Pelteobagrus fulvidraco are put into each mu, with the specification of 2cm/ tail ~ 4cm/ tail, and the yield of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco can be increased by 6 kg ~ 12 kg per mu.

The mixed culture of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco in large water surface has high population yield, which does not affect the yield of main cultured varieties and does not need additional feeding. Generally, 40 ~ 60 Pelteobagrus fulvidraco are put into each mu, with the specification of 3cm/ tail ~ 4cm/ tail, which can increase the yield of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco by 8 kg ~ 15 kg per mu.

Matters needing attention No matter what polyculture method is adopted, the following matters should be paid attention to in aquaculture management:

First, keep the water high in dissolved oxygen. Pelteobagrus fulvidraco requires high dissolved oxygen in ponds. In polyculture, it is required that the water quality is fresh and dissolved oxygen is sufficient, fresh water should be replenished in time during the growing season, and water should be changed frequently during the high temperature season, for example, it is better to keep micro-flow water.

Second, maintain a reasonable stocking density and stocking specifications. According to the biomass of water bait, the proportion of polyculture and stocking specifications are determined scientifically and reasonably. Generally, 30 ~ 60 fish are suitable for polyculture in water, and the stocking specification is 3cm/ tail ~ 4cm/ tail. The density is too large and the specifications are too small, and they can't meet the listing specifications at the end of the year.

Third, the mixed culture of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco in fish ponds is no longer suitable for mixed culture of other carnivorous fish, nor for mixed culture of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco in freshwater shrimp and crayfish culture ponds.

4. If the specifications of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco are found to be too small in the process of culture, it means that the biomass of natural bait in the fish pond is insufficient, and small miscellaneous fish and shrimp, summer flowers of domestic fish or artificially prepared special bait for Pelteobagrus fulvidraco can be appropriately supplemented. When feeding artificial bait, the main species (shallow water) should be fed first, and then the yellow catfish (deep water) should be fed. Pelteobagrus fulvidraco has the habit of lying in the daytime and coming out at night, and its feeding should be mainly at night.

5. Mixed culture of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco in crab ponds, because the river crab and Pelteobagrus fulvidraco are in the same water layer, it is easy to cause niche competition between them. Therefore, enough natural food organisms must be kept in the crab pond, otherwise it will affect the feeding effect of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. 300-400 kilograms of snails, part of crucian carp and shrimps with eggs can be put into the crab pond in advance, so that they can naturally breed and be freely eaten by river crabs and yellow catfish.