Understanding the text of watching the tide and enjoying the snow in the middle of the lake in the second day of junior high school. Who will help me sort it out?

1, text understanding

The poet Li Bai said in "Into the Wine": "Look at how the water of the Yellow River moves out of heaven and into the ocean, and it will never return." There is a saying in China that "water never turns back when it reaches the East China Sea". But the water in Qiantang River is not. Every August, I will take advantage of its beautiful scenery to return to my mother's home from the East China Sea. When she came back, she had an extraordinary momentum. This is really the most spectacular sight in the world. From the emperor to the common people, we should take a sneak peek.

The Qiantang River has a long history of tidal observation, which has been recorded in literature for more than 2,000 years, and was the most prosperous in the Song Dynasty. Now tidal testing is in Haining, Zhejiang, but in Song Dynasty, tidal testing resort was in Lin 'an, which is today's Hangzhou. Lin 'an, the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty, held a tide-watching ceremony on August 18th of the lunar calendar every year. There are naval exercises before the tide, and there are Wudi youths bidding for performances when the tide comes. On that day, people in the imperial court rushed to watch it, which was very lively.

At the beginning of "Watching Tide", Zhou Mi used the technique of exaggeration to begin with the phrase "The Tide in Zhejiang is a magnificent scenery in the world", and then from far to near, he wrote the scene when the spring tide came. When the tide rises from Haikou in the distance, it is as thin as a "silver line". Because of the distance, "hiding half her face in front of us behind her guitar" can only see its general shape and color. Gradually, you will see "the first line of waves is coming", and there is a silver horizontal line moving slowly here, like a lady in a silver skirt coming. At this time, the tide watcher should stand on tiptoe, stretch his neck and look forward to it, like a girl whose family is looking forward to returning from a long marriage. Later, the spring tide is getting closer and closer, and the white waves are sky-high, just like the Jade Castle Snow Mountain. The tide is thunderous and earth-shattering; That momentum is like swallowing the blue sky and washing the sun, which is heroic and unrestrained. It can be said that "the stormy waves are cloudy" (Zheng Yi's Taoist Temple)! The author uses Yang Wanli's poem "Silver in the sea is the country, jade in the river is the waist" to describe the scene when the spring tide comes, which is confirmed by both sides, and is skillfully summarized and made the finishing touch.

The spring tide in Qiantang River has become a wonder of the world, and the wonderful naval exercises have added a beautiful scenery. The author set off the superb martial arts of the naval forces with stormy waves. The naval forces fought bravely against the huge waves, which really made the tide watchers sweat, but there was still a near miss. Song Jun won: the "enemy ship" vanished into thin air and disappeared with the waves. Of course, what is described here is only the idea of entrusting the author to the motherland. When he wrote this article, the Southern Song Dynasty had already perished. The author failed to realize that the Southern Song Emperor settled in a corner of the south of the Yangtze River and regarded Hangzhou as Bianzhou. At that time, naval exercises were just for viewing, not from actual combat. Later, the Yuan Army invaded the south, and thousands of Song Jun warships came into contact with each other, but they were vulnerable. This is the author's limitation.

"The ebb and flow of Xiang Tao stands tall and the red flag is not wet." The thrilling performances of hundreds of playful athletes opened the eyes of the tide watchers and amazed them. Here, the author deliberately depicts that man is the spirit of nature, and the natural scenery is more beautiful because of human activities, which shows the fearless spirit of human beings who dare to fight against nature.

"It's not enough to see the influx of people in Qiantang." More than a dozen miles along the coast, people crowded, cars and horses blocked, and rivers and tides crowded. The article compares the beauty of the river tide with the surge of people, which is really a subtle pen.

Second, explore the bright spots.

1. The first sentence of Watching the Tide says: "The Tide in Zhejiang is a magnificent scenery in the world." What is the function of this sentence in the text? The ancients also called Zhejiang Spring Tide "the wonder of the world". Is this an exaggeration? Why? What is the cause of spring tide in Qiantang River?

Inquiry learning:

The first sentence reveals the description object, points out the theme and prompts the center through rendering. It can be said that the full text focuses on the first sentence. The ancients said that the Qiantang River spring tide was "spectacular", which was realistic and not exaggerated, because this spectacle was unparalleled in the world. There are three main reasons for the formation of the Qiantang River spring tide. First, the mouth of Qiantang River is trumpet-shaped in the sea of Hangzhou Bay, and gradually becomes shallower and narrower inward. The tide flows backward, and the narrow river surface in Neijiang limits the spread of tidal waves, forming a magnificent tidal bore. Every year from August 16th to 18th of the lunar calendar, the spring tide is the highest. Secondly, there is a huge sandbar in the estuary. When the tide rushes in and meets with strong resistance, it will definitely lift the sky. The front wave was suppressed and the back wave rose again. Waves push waves, and waves overlap. The tide naturally surges and growls, coming like an avalanche. The height of tidal head can reach more than 3.5m, and the tidal range can reach 10m. Third, the spring tide is related to the gravity of the moon and the sun. Tide is a periodic fluctuation phenomenon of seawater under the gravity of the moon and the sun. The tide in Qiantang River is mainly caused by ebb tide, so it is also related to the gravity of the moon and the sun.

2. In the essay Watching the Tide, the author described this magnificent scene with sound, shape and color. The focus of the full text is "tide" and the foothold is "view". From what aspects does the author write "Watching the Tide"?

Inquiry learning:

The author writes about watching tide from four aspects: the appearance of tide, the power of soldiers, the skill of making waves and the prosperity of watching tide. The author writes "Rush" from far to near. When it rises in the distance from Haikou, it looks like a silvery white horizontal line. Later, it surged closer and closer, like a jade carving wall and a snowdrift mountain. The high energy of the tide swallowed up the sky and the sun. Exercising Military Power is a wonderful essay, and the author vividly describes the scene of naval exercises in the Southern Song Dynasty. Firstly, the article draws the reader's attention to the array of hundreds of warships, so as to show the grandeur of the water army's training scene, and also to show their martial arts by describing every move of the water army during the training process. The ability to make waves opened the eyes of the audience. "Tattoo" describes the appearance of surfers, "Back to the Front" describes the bravery of surfers, and "Being in Whale Wave Wan Ren" describes the agility of surfers. The stunt of writing "the tail of the flag is not wet" is unusual. The best way to express "watching the tide" is that "the river is more than ten miles up and down, the rocky mountains are full of pearls and jade, and the traffic is blocked." It is unprecedented for the author to express the scale of tide-watching scenes with the distance of "more than ten miles". Write "traffic jam" as many spectators; Write "although the floor is not idle" and say that the tide watchers are extremely crowded.

3. Rendering, contrast and contrast are the three writing skills used by the author in this paper. Please find an example and talk about its function.

Inquiry learning:

"The sound is like thunder, shocking and whipping, swallowing the sky and the sun, and the potential is extremely majestic", which is a "grand view" to render the tides of Qiantang River and enhance the artistic effect. Contrast is also called "foil" and "foil", and the female mouth "everything in the diet is relatively ordinary", which is a grand occasion to foil a large number of people and watch the tide. The contrast of "Wandering in Whale Wave Wan Ren, I am ever-changing, and the flag tail is slightly wet" highlights the extraordinary performance skills of Wuzhong athletes in frolicking.

4. fancy writing can not only attract readers' attention, but also satisfy their curiosity. Where is the singularity in Watching the Tide?

Inquiry learning:

The article wins by strangeness, mainly because of strangeness in form, magic, strangeness in meaning and strangeness in writing. When describing the surging river, the author grasped four characteristics: shape, color, sound and strength. Writing naval exercises is mainly to show their high martial arts and quick movements; It is strange that the colorful flags are not wet, but they are all stunts. As for the scene of watching the tide, there are surprisingly many people who focus on watching the tide.

5. The ancients said: "Rich in ten thousand articles, poor in one word." This shows how important it is to choose words and refine words in writing articles. Try to find some wonderful and appropriate words from the text and talk about their beauty.

Inquiry learning:

The verbs "swallow the sky and endure the sun", "swallow" and "endure" are extremely imposing. The word "Shur" shows the rapid action of the water army. The combination of verbs "Pi", "Wen", "Zhi", "Zheng", "Drum", "Ying", "Chu", "Teng", "Bian" and "Zhan" embodies the dynamic beauty of frolicking. The word "ye" is used to strengthen the positive tone and emphasize that there are many people watching the tide.

6. Watching the Tide depicts both a landscape painting and a genre painting. Find the corresponding paragraph.

Inquiry learning:

1 and 2 paragraphs depict the scenery; The third and fourth paragraphs describe genre painting. Landscape painting and genre painting blend with each other, enriching readers' appreciation interest. Scenery is enhanced by customs, and customs are enriched by scenery, adding humanistic connotation and national characteristics.

Seeing the snow scene from the pavilion in the middle of the lake

"Watching the Snow in the Huting" describes the author's own experience of watching the snow in the Huting with refined pen and ink, describes the quiet and distant snow scene he saw, and expresses his leisure and elegance.

In the first paragraph of the article, I was in the West Lake in December of the fifth year of Chongzhen. After three days of heavy snow, the people and birds in the lake were absolutely silent. " The language is simple and plain, but it has far-reaching significance. The first sentence not only points out the time and place, but also skillfully uses the chronology of the Ming Dynasty to show that you don't forget your hometown and tease the snow below and on the lake without trace. In the second sentence, the author writes about snow from the perspective of hearing, and the word "absolutely" writes about snow. Although the author did not describe the snow scene in detail, the word "Jue" made people see the spectacular scene of "blowing open the petals of ten thousand pear trees" and conveyed the gloomy chill of ice and snow. This high degree of freehand brushwork skillfully draws the majesty of heavy snow from people's hearing and psychological feelings, which embodies the following people watching snow in the cold.

The second paragraph focuses on the snow scene in the lake. "It's a day, but also fixed. I took a boat, holding a pile of clothes and fire, and went to the pavilion in the middle of the lake to see the snow alone. " "Three days of heavy snow" made "the people and birds in the lake absolutely quiet." It is in this weather that someone goes to the lake to enjoy the snow alone in the middle of the night, which is enough to show the author's elegance and otherworldly temperament. It is this "elegance" and "temperament" that makes the "snow scene in the lake" written by the author so vivid. "Wusong Miao, heaven and clouds and mountains and water, all white; The shadow in the lake is only the trace of the long dike, a small pavilion in the middle of the lake and a mustard tuber on board, and there are only two or three people on board! " The first sentence starts with the overall image and uses the word "harmony" to write fog, clouds, mountains and water in one go, without repetition. The word "one" in White Up and Down describes the white scene between the sky, the clouds and the lake. The second sentence changes the perspective and becomes a poetic close-up: "A scar on the long beach", "a small pavilion in the middle of the lake", "two or three people on board" and so on. This is a hazy painting, a dreamlike poem, giving people a feeling of being absent from the scene and being in a daze. The author's refinement of quantifiers can be described as exquisite, with "mark", "dot", "mustard" and "grain" as small as one, which not only shows the movement of sight and the change of scenery, but also implies that the boat moves slowly in the night, showing a subtle and changeable artistic conception, with rich connotations and no traces of axe chisel, which is a model of text extraction.

In the third paragraph, the people in the pavilion in the middle of the lake said, "On the pavilion, there are two people sitting opposite, and a young shochu stove is boiling. Seeing this, he was overjoyed and said, "There is no such person on the lake!" Pull me together and drink with me. I tried to drink three glasses of wine and then said goodbye to them. Ask them what their surnames are. They are from Nanjing and are guests in this place. "It was originally' going to the pavilion in the lake to see the snow alone', but someone on the pavilion has arrived first. In the middle of the night, it is not difficult to imagine the surprise and joy of meeting unexpectedly on the pavilion in the middle of the lake, but the author didn't say a word, only wrote: "Seeing, I was overjoyed:' How can there be such a person on the lake! "Let the people in the pavilion speak, from customer to customer, which not only writes the surprise of the people in the pavilion, but also reveals the author's voice. The pen and ink are concise and the charm is endless. People in the pavilion "drink with others" only because of unexpected surprises; The author also "drank three whites" because of this unexpected surprise. A word "strong" conveys the author's high interest. I couldn't drink it originally, because I met unexpectedly this time and had to drink it. The two sides really feel a little bit of a brief encounter. It is precisely because of this "interest" and "affection" that the last sentence "ask his surname" but the author did not write their surname here, only saying "I am from Jinling and I am a guest here", which seems to be irrelevant; But in fact, this is the genius of the author. It contains rich emotional content. After experiencing unexpected surprises and the joy of "a thousand cups of wine meets friends", they realize that they are wanderers from other places and will face the reality that they have to walk from one place to another. I may never meet him again in this life. Suddenly, the author felt disappointed and frustrated that "it is rare to have a bosom friend in life". Although this passage is a plain narrative, all the words expressing feelings have been abandoned, but the author's sadness and joy are vividly expressed.

At the end of the paragraph, "when getting off the boat, Zhou Zi murmured:' Don't say Xiang Gong is crazy, there are more people like Xiang Gong!'" "I was going to see the snow in the middle of the lake alone, but I not only met two bosom friends, but also accompanied a boat. So why did the author say "Look at the snow in the lake alone"? Zhou Zi's vague words revealed the secret. It turns out that although they are peers, they are not the same. Because of different interests, "Zhou Zi" never understood the behavior of "xianggong". The author compares the "idiot" of "xianggong" with "idiot seems to be xianggong" in the mumbling language of "Zhou Zi", which seems to belittle reality and praise, and reflects his lofty and aloof feelings. This small ending, like a canoe, makes people feel that the literary talent is swaying and memorable.

This landscape sketch combines characters, dialogue, narration, scenery description and lyric in one furnace. It is understated, emotional and full of rich poetry, but the full text is only 100 words, and the refinement and implication of pen and ink are amazing. !

Intensive Reading and Refining of Snow Looking at the Lake Pavilion

In December of the fifth year of Chongzhen, I lived in the West Lake. It snowed heavily for three days, and all the birds in the lake died. In the middle of the night, I took a boat and went to the pavilion in the middle of the lake to see the snow alone, holding my clothes and fire. Ice flowers are all over the sky, the sky is bright and watery, and the sky is pure white. The shadows on the lake are only,,,.

In the pavilion in the middle of the lake, I saw two people laying blankets and a child cooking a wine stove. Seeing it, I was overjoyed and said, "There is no such person in the lake!" " Pull me together and drink with me. I tried to drink three glasses of wine and then said goodbye to them. Ask them what their surnames are. They are from Nanjing and are guests in this place. While waiting for the boat, the boatman murmured, "Stop talking about your Excellency, you idiot, and people like you are crazy!" " ! "

1, indicating the pause error () (1)

A: Since having fun, there has been no recovery/miracle.

B, under the court/if the water is empty, the water/algae is horizontal, and the cover/bamboo and cypress shadow is also.

C, Wuer is good at swimming/hundred, all/tattoo.

D. After three days of heavy snow, all the people/birds in the lake died.

2. From "Three days of heavy snow, birds die in the lake", which Tang poem can we associate? Can you write this poem down? (3 points)

3. Find a group with the same meaning by adding words to the following groups (), 2 points.

A, it's time to change the date.//Ask him if his surname is Jinling. B, why is there such a person in the lake//absent-minded.

C, a boy's shochu stove is on. //panic. D, a crazy person like "xianggong"//It's only a matter of time.

4. The subject is often omitted in classical Chinese, so it should be supplemented in translation. Please fill in the omitted subject in the next paragraph. (2 points)

() At the pavilion, there are two people sitting opposite, and a boy's shochu stove is boiling. () When I met him, I was overjoyed and said, "There is no such person in the lake!" Pull me together and drink with me. I tried to drink three glasses of wine and then said goodbye to them. () Ask his last name. () He is from Jinling and a guest here. () When he got off the boat, Zhou Zi murmured, "Don't say" xianggong "is stupid, let alone" xianggong "is stupid!"

5. Translate the following sentences (2 points)

In the middle of the night, I took a boat and went to the pavilion in the middle of the lake to see the snow alone, holding my clothes and fire.

6. Fill in the original text on the horizontal line (2 points)

7. Please summarize the main contents of the two paragraphs in simple sentences, no more than five words (2 points).

The first paragraph: the second paragraph:

7. In this article, the author uses techniques to express the snow scene of the West Lake, and the text is simple and plain, without rendering. West Lake is a beautiful place. Many ancient poets, such as Bai Juyi and Su Shi, wrote many famous poems about the West Lake. Can you write two? (At least two songs, with the title and author. Write more and score more) (7 points)

Answer: 1, D 2, Liu Zongyuan's Jiang Xue, there are no birds in the hundred mountains, and there are no footprints in the thousand paths. A boat on the river, a fisherman wearing his webworm moth; Fishing alone is not afraid of snow and ice. 3, C 4, more than two people, more than two people, 5, slightly 6, adventures on the West Lake Snow Pavilion 7, line drawing