How is the topographic precipitation formed?

Topographic precipitation (local rainfall)

Topographic precipitation. When the moist air mass moves forward, it is blocked by high mountains, and the airflow is forced to rise slowly, resulting in adiabatic cooling and condensation. The rainfall thus formed is called topographic precipitation. Topographic precipitation mostly falls on windward slopes, and leeward slopes are adiabatic heated due to air subsidence, which reduces cloud cover and rainfall.

Topographic precipitation often increases with the increase of topographic height. If topographic precipitation is not combined with convective rain or cyclone rain, the rain will not be very strong.

In the world, the wettest place often appears on the windward slope of the mountain, which is called rain slope; The leeward slope has less precipitation and becomes a dry slope or "rain shadow" area. For example, the mountain slope in Scandinavia, Norway is windward, and the precipitation 1000 ~ 2000mm, while the leeward slope is only 300mm. For another example, the northern, eastern and southern sides of the mountains in Taiwan Province Province, China are windward, with a lot of precipitation, with an annual rainfall of more than 2,000 mm, and the burning fire in Taipei reaches 8,408 mm, which is the place with the most precipitation in China. As soon as it reaches the west, it becomes a rain shadow area, and the precipitation decreases to about1000 mm. The annual precipitation on the windward slope of Kauai Island in the Hawaiian Islands is 12040 mm, which is the place with the largest annual rainfall in the world. The annual precipitation in Kilapanchi, India is 1 14 18mm, which is also because it is located at the southern foot of the Himalayas.