How to improve the accuracy of weather forecast?

The development of modern science and technology provides advanced equipment for modern weather forecasting. Advanced meteorological satellites, radar network all over the country, and powerful supercomputer system that can calculate complex weather models have greatly improved the accuracy of weather forecast.

In the late 1970s, Japan used meteorological satellites, which not only collected all kinds of meteorological data from high altitude, but also greatly improved the work efficiency and forecast accuracy of meteorological departments. Therefore, the weather forecast of TV stations has become vivid and vivid: the typhoon eye and its surrounding clouds, the range, direction and speed of activities, and the movement of rain and snow areas can be seen at a glance.

The territory of the United States is very vast, and its weather forecast system is even bigger. In order to know the weather around the world, four meteorological satellites provide meteorological information. There are two TV and infrared observation satellites whose orbits pass through the north and south poles of the earth. Television photography on satellite spreads the shape and moving direction of cloud, and infrared photography shows the height of cloud and the moisture contained in water vapor. The other two synchronous meteorological satellites are located in the air-to-ground geostationary orbit on the equator and take pictures of the earth at fixed points.

In addition, there are hundreds of small data collection devices on airplanes, ships, buoys or helium-filled balloons. The sensors of these acquisition devices will automatically measure the wind speed, temperature, humidity and air pressure in various places. There are more than 70 radar stations in China to track thunderstorms and hurricanes.

Doppler radar system is an advanced meteorological detection equipment. This system emits light beams in all directions with a radius of 200 kilometers around, and measures the wind speed and direction on various horizontal planes parallel to the ground by detecting the movements of water drops, grass seeds, dust and insects in the atmosphere. Its weather forecast is very specific: where, when and how many millimeters of rain will there be. If there is a sudden change of air flow in some areas within a few minutes, the Doppler radar system can also make quite accurate predictions.

Another kind of laser Doppler radar "LEDA" is a new equipment for monitoring ground meteorological conditions. It is installed on a polar orbiting satellite and can measure wind speed twice a day. If there are two satellites carrying Lida, we can monitor the atmosphere of the whole earth. After adopting "Lida" system, the medium-range weather forecast of 7 ~ 10 days can be as accurate as the current 24-hour forecast. Airlines can also benefit from Lida, because the pilot had a detailed airflow map at that time, and he could use the fast wind to avoid the oncoming wind, which not only saved time and fuel, but also ensured the safety and reliability of the flight.