What are the common diseases of sows in winter?

The common diseases of pigs are: 1. Classical swine fever:

Epidemic characteristics: Classical swine fever is a highly contagious disease caused by classical swine fever virus belonging to flaviviridae plague virus. Sick pigs are the main source of infection, and the main infection route is digestive tract. The disease occurs all year round, and it is highly contagious. Pigs of different ages and breeds can get sick.

Symptoms: acute type, the sick pigs are in a high mood, eat less or refuse to eat, and are afraid of lying in the cold, and their body temperature continues to rise to about 465438 0℃. First, constipation, hard and spherical stool with mucus or blood, followed by dysentery, partial vomiting, a lot of mucus or purulent secretions in both eyes, unstable gait, and paralysis of hind limbs in the later stage. The common skin of ears, limbs, abdomen and perineum often cyanosis first, and many small bleeding spots appear, which means that it will not fade when pressed. A few pigs developed convulsions and spasms, and died in 10 ~ 20 days. Chronic pigs have mild symptoms, mild disease development, mild fever, anemia and emaciation. My appetite is good and bad. Constipation and diarrhea alternate.

Prevention and treatment: At present, there is no effective drug treatment for this disease.

Prevention: 20-day-old and 60-day-old are immunized once each. When epidemic disease is prevalent, the epidemic area should be blocked in time, sick pigs should be eliminated, emergency prevention should be carried out, and sick pig houses and utensils should be thoroughly disinfected.

2. erysipelas:

Epidemic characteristics: it is an infectious disease caused by erysipelas erythema. It mostly happens to shelf pigs. Mainly through digestive tract and skin wounds.

Symptoms: (1) Septic type: most of them are acute in the early stage, and some healthy pigs die suddenly. Most pigs have poor appetite, more gum, dry stools at the initial stage of the disease, spherical adhesion of mucosa, followed by dysentery, and the skin of ears, chest, neck and abdomen changes color due to finger pressing, mostly rhombic or square, and they die 3-4 days after the disease.

(2) Rash type: listless, with square, diamond, round and other purplish red rashes on the skin, commonly known as eye-catching fire marks, which gradually scab and fall off in the later stage of the disease.

(3) Chronic type: mostly from acute or subacute transformation. The joints of the limbs are swollen, often in a dog sitting position, and it is difficult to move. Some have endocarditis, shortness of breath, uncertain appetite, and blue-purple eyes, nose and mouth.

Prevention: (1) Prevention: Vaccinate against erysipelas regularly. (2) Treatment: 5000- 10000 units of penicillin per kilogram, intramuscular injection, 3 times a day, and 2-3 times after the body temperature is normal. (3) antiserum treatment; 5 5- 10/0ml for pigs under 23kg and 20-40ml for pigs over 45kg.

3. Swine pneumonia

Epidemic characteristics: It is a common respiratory disease in pigs caused by Pasteurella multocida. This disease often occurs in early spring and late autumn.

Symptoms: (1) The most acute type: more common in the early stage of the epidemic. Commonly known as "throat lock wind", loss of appetite, purple mouth and nose mucosa, bloody foam. Hemorrhagic erythema often appears in the roots of ears, neck, abdomen and other places. Some people have diarrhea in the early stage of constipation and often suffocate to death.

(2) Acute type: it is a common disease type. In addition to septicemia, it is also characterized by dyspnea, cough, runny nose and reddish-purple spots on the skin.

(3) Chronic type: Common manifestations are chronic pneumonia and chronic enteritis.

Prevention: (1) Prevention: once at the age of 45 days, the immunization period is half a year. (2) intramuscular injection of penicillin is 5000- 10000 units per kilogram of body weight, twice a day, and (3) the feed for the whole group of pigs is 125g/ ton.

4. Swine epidemic diarrhea:

Epidemiological characteristics: The disease is a highly contagious infectious disease caused by virus. Most of them happen in winter. Pigs of different ages, breeds and sexes are susceptible. The incidence of suckling pigs, shelf pigs and fattening pigs is usually 100%, and that of sows is 10 ~ 90%, which is mainly transmitted through digestive tract and respiratory tract. The general epidemic process lasts for 4 ~ 5 weeks, and it can naturally subside.

Symptoms: The sick pigs are depressed, their appetite drops, and then they excrete, such as stool, which is yellow or grayish yellow, and their body temperature is basically normal. Some piglets will vomit after eating snacks or sucking milk. The younger you are, the more serious your symptoms are. Piglets under 1 week often have diarrhea for 2 ~ 4 days, and their body temperature drops. About 50% died of dehydration. Growing-finishing pigs and breeding pigs usually have diarrhea for 4-8 days and gradually return to normal.

Prevention and treatment: There is no specific therapy at present. The general treatment method can be to let pigs drink rehydration saline freely. To prevent secondary infection, ciprofloxacin injection was injected into muscle.

5. Pig paratyphoid fever:

Epidemic characteristics: The disease is an infectious disease of piglets caused by swine cholera and salmonella. The disease mainly occurs in intensive feeding piglets aged 2-4 months, especially in cold weather, changeable climate, premature weaning and diseases, which reduces the resistance of pigs and leads to the disease.

Symptoms: (1) acute type. Sick pigs have elevated body temperature, loss of appetite, listlessness, constipation first and diarrhea later, and their feces are grayish white, light yellow or light green, sometimes with blood, and often have abdominal pain symptoms. Bow and scream. Ears, abdomen and limbs are crimson to blue-purple. Sick pigs have difficulty breathing, their body temperature drops, and they usually die in 2-6 days.

(2) chronic type. Constipation and diarrhea occur alternately in sick pigs, and the feces are gray-green and smelly. The sick pig is getting thinner and thinner. Finally died of dehydration.

Prevention: ① Prevention: piglet paratyphoid attenuated freeze-dried vaccine was injected or taken orally 3 days before weaning. ② Treatment: Sulfanilamide synergistic mixture has better effect. Sulfamethoxazole or sulfadiazine is 20-45mg/kg body weight, and trimethoprim is 6-8mg/kg body weight. Take it twice after mixing, 1 week. (3) Oxytetracycline was taken orally, 50 ~ 100mg/kg body weight per day. (4) oral neomycin. 40-60 mg/kg body weight per day.

6. Swine edema disease

Epidemic characteristics: The pathogen is caused by the toxin produced by pathogenic Escherichia coli. It mainly occurs in obese and strong piglets after weaning, often with sudden onset, head edema and ataxia. The death rate is fast and high, which is easy to occur in selenium-deficient areas.

Symptoms: 1-2 piglets died suddenly, but most pigs did not eat, and edema appeared in eyelids, head and neck. In the early stage of the disease, the front legs lie prone on the ground, the hind legs stand, foaming at the mouth, hoarse voice, jumping, or walking unsteadily, or turning in circles, or falling to the ground like paddling on all fours, which leads to dyskinesia and paralysis of the hind legs in the later stage. Sick pigs generally pass through 6544.

Prevention and treatment: (1) oral neomycin, intramuscular injection of furosemide at 40-60mg/kg body weight every day.

(2) Oral sodium sulfate 25g, intramuscular injection of sulfadiazine. ③ ciprofloxacin 0.25mg/ Kg body weight, intramuscular injection twice.

7. Swine ascariasis

Epidemic characteristics; Ascariasis is the most important parasitic disease that causes huge economic losses in aquaculture. It mainly harms weaned piglets, makes them grow poorly, and even leads to stiff pigs and even death.

Symptoms: when a large number of larvae migrate to the lungs, ascaris pneumonia is caused, which is characterized by cough, accelerated breathing, elevated body temperature, loss of appetite and inability to lie down. When adults parasitize the small intestine, piglets grow slowly and have rough fur. Anemia, diarrhea and vomiting often lead to pig stiffness.

Prevention and control: regular deworming, deworming for 50-day-old piglets, 25 days 1 time, 2-3 times * * *. (1) Levamisole 5-7mg/kg bw intramuscular injection.

(2) subcutaneous injection of ivermectin 0.3 mg/kg body weight.

Transmissible gastroenteritis

Epidemic characteristics: The disease is caused by coronavirus, which is an acute and highly infectious disease. /kloc-the morbidity and mortality of pigs under 0/0 day old are very high, and the mortality of pigs over 5 weeks old is very low. Sick pigs and infected pigs are the main sources of infection, and the disease mostly occurs in winter and is infected through digestive tract and respiratory tract. Pigs of all ages show vomiting, severe diarrhea, dehydration and anorexia.

Symptoms: suckling piglets suddenly vomit after breastfeeding, followed by severe watery diarrhea, which is milky white or yellow-green. At the end of his illness, he died of dehydration and acidosis. The fattening pigs suddenly have watery diarrhea and diarrhea, the feces are gray or brown, vomiting, loss of appetite, weakness and obvious slowdown in weight gain.

Treatment: pigs are allowed to drink freely and take rehydration saline. In order to prevent secondary infection, sulfamethoxazole or sulfadiazine 20 ~ 45 mg/kg body weight and trimethoprim 6 ~ 8 mg/kg body weight were taken orally.

9 piglet yellow dysentery:

Epidemiological characteristics: sow carrying pathogenic Escherichia coli is an important factor of this disease.

This disease is caused by pathogenic Escherichia coli. It mainly occurs in suckling pigs less than 7 days old, and 1-4 days old is more common. Once pigs get sick, they often litter, and the incidence rate can reach 50%- 100%.

Symptoms: sick piglets have yellow and thin feces, loose anus, listlessness, no breastfeeding, rapid weight loss, dehydration, and finally failure and death.

Prevention and control:

(1) ofloxacin 0.25mg/ day Kg body weight, intramuscular injection twice.

(2) 40-60mg neomycin per kg body weight per day.

(2) Tiaolisheng was given 0. 10 ~ 0. 15g per kilogram of body weight, once a day, for 3 days.

10. Piglet dysentery

Epidemic characteristics: Also known as delayed Escherichia coli, it is mainly caused by improper feeding and management, bad environment and too thick and too thin sow milk. The disease is characterized by the discharge of gray-white gruel-like feces, which is most common in piglets aged 10 ~ 30 days and can occur all year round.

Symptoms: diarrhea, the feces are grayish white or yellow-green, often mixed with mucus and paste, containing bubbles, and the feces are often stuck in the tail anus and its vicinity. When bacteria invaded the blood, the sick pig's body temperature increased, its appetite decreased, it became thinner, its hair was rough and dull, it was afraid of cold and shivering, and it died after 5-6 days. Most of them can be cured if treated in time.

Prevention and control:

(1) Chop garlic 500g and licorice root 120g, add 500ml 50-degree white wine, soak for 3 days, mix with appropriate amount of paraquat (boiler bottom ash) and divide into 40 doses. Each pig can take 1 dose every day for two days.

(2) Metronidazole is 32 mg per kilogram of body weight.

(3) olaquindox 50 mg, sodium humate 100 mg orally.

(4) intramuscular injection of polymyxin sulfate B 800-65438+ 10,000 units.

1 1 catarrhal gastroenteritis in pigs:

Etiology: It is often called dyspepsia, which is characterized by gastrointestinal dysfunction, decreased absorption, loss of appetite or abandonment.

Symptoms: The sick pig is listless, and at the initial stage of the disease, it is manifested as dyspepsia, followed by loss of appetite, increased appetite, dry nose, dry mouth, foul smell, shortened tongue, increased body temperature, accelerated pulse, yellow corneal congestion, sometimes abdominal pain, accelerated breathing, vomiting, diarrhea, foul feces mixed with mucus, bloodshot or bubbles, and finally anal incontinence.

Treatment:

(1) First of all, remove the cause and give digestible feed, and sick pigs should be fed porridge or rice soup.

(2) Antibacterial and anti-inflammatory, oral berberine, gentamicin or ofloxacin. Clinically, 500ml of 5% glucose saline, 5ml of 10% vitamin c injection and 40% urotropine solution 10ml are commonly used, which are mixed and injected intravenously.

(3) regulating gastrointestinal function. After the gastroenteritis is relieved, stomach tonic, multi-enzyme tablets for young animals and lactase can be used appropriately.