What are the ethnic minorities in China?

There are 55 ethnic minorities in China:

Kirgiz, Lahu, Li, Lisu, Manchu, Maonan, Menba, Mongolian, Miao, Mulao, Naxi, Nu, Pumi, Qiang, Salar, She, Shui, Tajik and tatar people.

Achang, Bai, Baoan, Bulang, Buyi, Korean, Daur, Dai, De 'ang, Dong, Dongxiang, Dulong, Oroqen, Russian, Ewenki, Gaoshan, Gelao, Hani, Kazak, Hezhe, Hui and Jino.

Of the 56 ethnic groups in China, except the Han nationality, the rest are ethnic minorities.

1. Zhuang nationality originated from "Xi 'ou" and "Luo Yue" recorded in the historical records of the Han nationality living in Lingnan area in the pre-Qin, Qin and Han dynasties. Zhuang people are distributed in 3/kloc-0 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government, mainly living in the south, starting from Lianshan Zhuang and Yao Autonomous County in Guangdong Province in the east, Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture in Yunnan Province in the west and congjiang county in Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture in Guizhou Province in the north. Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region is the main distribution area of Zhuang nationality.

2. Yao is one of the oldest ethnic groups in China, belonging to Yao branch of Miao Yao language family of Sino-Tibetan language family, Miao branch of Miao Yao language family of Sino-Tibetan language family and Dongshui branch of Zhuang-Dong language family of Sino-Tibetan language family. Yao nationality is widely distributed in Asia, Europe, America, Australia and other continents. The main ethnic group is China, which is distributed in more than 30 counties in Guangxi, Hunan, Guangdong, Yunnan, Guizhou and Jiangxi, with the most in Guangxi.

3. Tibetans are one of the 56 ethnic groups in China and the aborigines of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. In China, they are mainly distributed in Xizang Autonomous Region, Qinghai and western Sichuan, as well as in Diqing, Yunnan and Gannan, Gansu. In addition, there are Tibetans from India, Bhutan, the United States, Canada, Europe and Australia.

4. Mongols originated from the east bank of the ancient King Jianhe (now Ergon River). /kloc-At the beginning of the 3rd century, the Mongolian Ministry headed by Genghis Khan unified the Mongolian ministries and gradually formed a new national identity. Mongolians live on grasslands and live on animal husbandry. Living a nomadic life of "living by weeds", although this lifestyle has weakened in modern society, it is still regarded as a symbol of Mongolians.

5. Manchu population is distributed all over the country, with Liaoning, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Beijing and other provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government as the majority, while others are scattered in Xinjiang, Gansu, Ningxia, Shandong, Hubei, Guizhou and other large and medium-sized cities such as Xi 'an, Chengdu, Guangzhou and Fuzhou.

Extended data:

China's ethnic policy;

Before the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), successive governments in China (whether the central government established by the Han nationality or ethnic minorities) had a set of policies and systems on ethnic affairs, but there was no equality among ethnic groups. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), the Party and the government have formulated a set of correct policies that are suitable for China's national conditions and solve China's ethnic problems, namely, the policy of ethnic equality, the policy of ethnic unity, the policy of regional ethnic autonomy and the policy of common development and prosperity of all ethnic groups.

After the founding of New China, according to the wishes of the people in most ethnic minority areas, the China government adopted different ways to gradually implement democratic reforms in ethnic minority areas, which were completed in the late 1950s. This reform abolished all the privileges of the privileged class, such as lords, nobles and chiefs. The old system of exploitation and oppression was eliminated, and millions of ethnic minorities were emancipated, gained personal freedom and became masters of the country and their own destiny.

Since the founding of New China 60 years ago, all ethnic groups in China have formed socialist ethnic relations of equality, unity and mutual assistance, and ethnic minorities who have been oppressed and discriminated against for a long time have truly become masters of the country.

Under the leadership of the * * * Production Party of China, some ethnic minorities whose social forms were still at the end of primitive society, slavery or feudal serfdom before the founding of New China have crossed the historical gap of hundreds or even thousands of years and entered the modern society in just a few decades. The system of regional ethnic autonomy is a basic policy adopted by the China government according to the actual situation in China, and it is also an important political system in China.

References:

Ethnic minorities-Baidu Encyclopedia