Songyang Academy and Shigu Academy, which of the four authentic academies?

The four ancient academies in China are also collectively referred to as the four academies in the Northern Song Dynasty and the four academies in the Song Dynasty. They are Yuelu Academy, Bailudong Academy, Songyang Academy and Yingtian Academy. I also found the statements of Bailudong Academy, Yuelu Academy, Songyang Academy and Suiyang Academy. There are Yuelu Academy, Bailudong Academy, Suiyang Academy and Shigu Academy. But the more authoritative statement is the first one (Yuelu Academy, Bailudong Academy, Songyang Academy, Yingtian Academy).

Song Yang Academy of Classical Learning

Formerly known as Songyang Temple, it was founded in the eighth year of Taihe in the Northern Wei Dynasty (484) and is located at the foot of Songshan Mountain, 2.5 kilometers north of Dengfeng County. Songyangguan was named in Sui and Tang Dynasties, Taiyi Academy in the late Five Dynasties, Taishi Academy in the early Song Dynasty, and Songyang Academy was later changed, and it was called "the Four Great Academies" in China together with Suiyang Academy, Yuelu Academy and Bailuyuan Academy. Neo-Confucianists Cheng Ling and Cheng Yi once gave lectures here. There are three coopers in the yard. In the first year of Yuanfeng in the Western Han Dynasty (BC 1 10), when Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty visited Song Yue, he saw three cypress trees towering and lush, so he was named "General", "Second General" and "Third General". The "Three Generals" were destroyed by fire in the late Ming Dynasty, and now there are only two left. The circumference of "General" is about 6 meters, and that of "Second General" is nearly 15 meters, which is rare in the world.

In front of Songyang Academy, there is an inscription on the induction coil, which was engraved in the third year of Tang Tianbao (744), and it is magnificent. The official script is neat and neat, and its brushwork is elegant and vigorous. It is an outstanding official in the Tang Dynasty. Calligrapher Xu Hao is a famous calligrapher, and The Book of the New Tang Dynasty has been handed down to this day. Jing Rifan commented on "Ode": "The monument is Xu Dagu Li, with bold brushwork and changeable posture." Author Li, the prime minister of the Tang Dynasty, is famous for his "sweet words and swords". Songyang Academy is located at the southern foot of Songshan Mountain, about three kilometers north of Dengfeng County. Surrounded by mountains from east to west, the Xiaoyao Valley stream slowly flows south, and the Song and Yue Temple streams gurgle west. Two clear streams meet in front of Songyang Academy, named Shuangxi River, and then meander southeast into Yingying. To the south of the college is an open fertile field. Standing at the entrance of Songyang Academy, you can look up at the peaks of Song Yue and overlook the panoramic view of Dengfeng City. The environment is beautiful, and it is worthy of being a reading resort. It, together with Chengyang Academy in Weizhou (also known as Yingtian Academy), Yuelu Academy in Hunan and Bailudong Academy in Jiangxi, is called the four major academies in Song Dynasty.

Songyang Academy was once a place of Buddhism and Taoism in history, and was later monopolized by Confucianism. Songyang Academy was founded in 484 AD. From the Five Dynasties to the Song Dynasty, Cheng Hao, Cheng Yi and Luo School of Neo-Confucianism gathered hundreds of students from the Academy to give lectures. Songyang Academy has been supplemented and repaired many times from generation to generation, and its scale has gradually formed and its layout has become increasingly strict. The organizational system of the academy is simple, elegant and generous.

Shigu college

Shigu Academy was founded in the 5th year of Tang Yuanhe (AD 8 10). At that time, Li Kuan, a famous figure in Hengzhou, was studying in a building next to the realistic view of Shigushan. In the third year of the Song Dynasty to Daoism (AD 997), Li Shizhen, a native of the city, expanded the courtyard as a place for scholars in Hengzhou to give lectures. In the second year of Jing You (A.D. 1035), the imperial court awarded "Shigu Academy", which is called the four major academies in China together with Suiyang Academy, Bailudong Academy and Yuelu Academy. After the Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, the Academy has been expanded and renovated for many times. Han Yu, Zhou Dunyi, Zhu, Zhang Qian, Fan Chengda, Xin Qiji, Wen Tianxiang, Xu Xiake and Wang Fuzhi have come here to give lectures, or take poems as notes, or engrave on the wall, or find a secluded range rover, which is spectacular.