Fire safety knowledge cartoon (fire self-rescue and escape simulation cartoon)

1. Fire self-rescue and escape simulation cartoon

As the saying goes: "Fire and water are ruthless." The ruthlessness of fire is not only that it destroys property, paralyzes production, and makes residents homeless. Home can be returned, and what's even more ruthless is that it also swallows up people's lives. Due to the lack of active self-rescue measures in fires, the number of people killed in fires every year is shocking. Some foreign countries have started home fire evacuation education and home firefighting training. For the majority of readers in my country who lack household firefighting and lifesaving training, you and your family must memorize the following self-rescue methods in a fire. These simple methods will become your "secret tips for avoiding fire" in a fire scene, so that you and your family will be safe and survive in desperate situations.

(1) Enhance safety awareness. Each family member should be aware of the structure and escape routes of his or her own room, and design at least two evacuation plans so that everyone is familiar with them. Conduct home fire drills at least once every six months and follow the evacuation route in the plan. Being well trained is the key to escape. Chinese people have taboos and are reluctant to say unlucky words or think unlucky things during peacetime. When Westerners stay in a hotel, the first thing they need to understand is not the level of luxury but the fire safety.

(2) Evacuation at the initial stage of fire. In the initial stage of fire, the temperature is generally not high, but the smoke is relatively large. If you are unable to put out the fire, you should leave the room where the fire occurred and close the doors and windows to prevent the fire and smoke from spreading to adjacent rooms. Families with telephones should call the police immediately, and then organize family members to evacuate according to the plan. Escape is the first priority at this time, don't waste time getting valuables. The order of evacuation was children, the elderly, women and then men. After evacuating to a safe area, if you find that there are still people who have not evacuated, you should not return rashly and wait for the fire fighters to rescue them. Generally, living rooms have more than two exits, one is the door, and the other is the balcony or window. When the first exit is blocked by fire, try to evacuate through the second exit.

(3) Self-rescue when trapped in a fire. When the fire develops to a violent stage, it is difficult to implement a planned evacuation, and one can only carry out self-rescue in an adaptable and calm manner. According to data from the fire department, the proportion of people who died in fires was caused by smoke poisoning and suffocation than by burning; some were burned to death after losing consciousness due to smoke poisoning and suffocation. Therefore, preventing smoke poisoning and suffocation when trapped is the first step in self-rescue.

① Smoke prevention methods. The main method is to cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel and breathe. If you can't find a warm towel at the moment, you can use clothes or other cotton products soaked in it instead. Urine can also be used as an emergency when water is not available. Wet towels can not only filter smoke and prevent poisoning, but also moisturize the air, lower the temperature of the air, and reduce the burns of the respiratory tract caused by hot air.

②Heat protection method. Wet your clothes, wrap yourself in a soaked quilt, fill the bathtub or bathtub with water, open the faucet, immerse your body in the water, leave only your nostrils on the water surface, and cover your nostrils with a wet towel to breathe. If there is no water source, do not hit the person who is on fire. Roll on the spot until the fire is extinguished.

③Escape method. The method of escape is mainly based on the building structure and fire conditions.

a. Use balconies and windows to escape. Use ropes or tear sheets to form ropes to slide down to the balcony on the lower floor, and then escape indoors from the balcony or window on the lower floor.

b. Use sewer pipes to escape. In general, sewer pipes in residential buildings are usually located between the balcony and the window. Iron sewer pipes are relatively strong and can be used for escape.

c. Wrap yourself in a wet quilt and rush out of the sea of ??fire to escape downstairs. Try not to escape to the upper floors. In floor fires, due to the chimney effect, the fire spreads upward much faster than it spreads downward.

d. If you are unable to break out, do not hide under the bed or in the closet. You should try to escape to bathrooms, toilets, and other indoor spaces that have neither combustibles nor water sources. Immediately after entering, close the doors and windows, turn on the faucet, tear off your clothes and soak them in water to plug the gaps in the doors and windows to prevent smoke from entering.

e. If you are forced to the balcony or roof by the fire, and there is no way out or retreat, but your life is not seriously threatened for the time being, you should calm yourself down, stick to this place, and wait for rescue by firefighters. Don't act rashly. When there are many people, they should comfort each other and stabilize their emotions.

f. When you jump from a building or die, you should hold some soft items such as quilts and sofa cushions, and choose to go downstairs to the asbestos tile carport, flower beds, lawns, pools, rivers, or places with lush foliage. Jump up trees to slow down the impact. When jumping with bare hands, you should hold your head with both hands and bend your body into a ball.

g. When you are suffocated by smoke and lose the ability to save yourself, you should try to roll to the wall to facilitate the search and rescue by firefighters. When firefighters enter a room, they grope along the walls. In addition, rolling to the wall can also prevent the house from collapsing and injuring yourself.

The situation on the fire scene is ever-changing and it is difficult to fully predict it. Survival is human instinct. We were all trapped in the fire, some died in the flames, while others escaped safely. In addition to objective reasons, the most important thing is probably the difference in adaptability of each person. A philosopher once said: "There are only desperate people, not desperate situations." If you can adapt to difficult situations, you will survive and turn danger into safety. Smart people use experience to avoid bloodshed, and stupid people use bloodshed to exchange for experience.

2. Video requested: Daily fire prevention tips

Disaster self-rescue tips In a fire, trapped people should have good psychological quality, stay calm, don’t panic, don’t Act blindly and choose the right escape method. It must be noted that the temperature at the fire scene is very alarming, and the smoke will block your view. When we see fire scenes in movies and TV, everything is very clear, and it is shot outside the thick smoke of the fire scene. When you are at a fire scene, the visibility is very low, and you can't even figure out the position of the windows and doors in the room where you live for a long time. In this case, you need to stay calm and not panic.

If you are trapped in a fire, you should use all available conditions around you to escape. You can use fire elevators and indoor stairs to escape. Do not ride in ordinary elevators, because ordinary elevators are prone to power outages. There is no smoke prevention effect, and there is a great possibility of being stuck in the air when a fire breaks out. At the same time, you can also use the balcony. Use water pipes in corridors and building exterior walls for escape.

After a fire occurs, thick smoke will be produced. Stop immediately when encountering thick smoke. Do not try to get out of the fireworks, and crawl in a low position in the thick smoke. Due to the rising effect of hot air, a large amount of thick smoke will float on the upper level of the thick smoke generated in the fire. Therefore, there should be air below 30 cm from the ground during the fire. Therefore, try to crawl in a low posture in the thick smoke, with your head Stay as close to the ground as possible.

When escaping from thick smoke, if the human body is not properly protected, it is easy to inhale the smoke into the human body, causing fainting or suffocation. At the same time, the eyes may also be stinging and unable to open due to the stimulation of smoke. At this time, you can use a transparent plastic bag. Transparent plastic bags can be used regardless of size. Use a large plastic bag to cover the entire head and provide enough air for escape. If there are no large plastic bags, small plastic bags can be used. Plastic bags can also be used. Although they cannot completely cover the head, they can also cover the mouth and nose to provide the air needed for escape. When using a plastic bag, be sure to fully open it, but never blow it open with your mouth. , because the gas blown in is all carbon dioxide, and the effect is counterproductive.

If you hear an alarm at night, you should first touch the door with the back of your hand to see if the door has become hot. If it is hot, the door cannot be opened, otherwise smoke and fire will rush in. Bedroom; if the door is not warm, the fire may not be too big and it may be possible to escape the room through normal means. After leaving the room, be sure to close the door behind you to prevent the fire from spreading.

In short, when a fire breaks out, you must take active action and not sit back and wait for death.

3. Fire safety tips

When encountering a fire, you should take correct and effective methods to save yourself and escape to reduce personal casualties and losses:

1. Once you are in danger of fire If there is a threat, do not panic. Calmly determine your location and judge the intensity of the fire based on the surrounding smoke, firelight, temperature, etc., and do not act blindly.

2. If you are in a bungalow, if the fire around the door is not large, you should quickly leave the fire scene. Otherwise, you must choose another exit to escape (such as jumping out of the window), or take protective measures (such as soaking your clothes with water, wrapping your head and upper body with soaked quilts, etc.) before leaving the fire scene.

3. If you are in a building, do not blindly open doors and windows when you find a fire, otherwise it may cause a fire to enter the house.

4. If you are in a building, do not run around blindly, let alone jump to escape, as this may cause undue casualties. You can hide in the living room or on the balcony, close the doors and windows, block the fire path, and wait for rescue. If conditions permit, you can continue to water the doors and windows to cool down to continue the spread of the fire.

5. In a building on fire, you cannot use the elevator to escape. You should use the stairs to escape through the fire escape. Because the elevator shaft often becomes a fireworks passage after a fire, and the elevator may malfunction at any time.

6. If you have to escape from the building because the fire is too fierce, you can jump from the second floor, but you must choose a non-hard ground. You should first throw down bedding and other materials from upstairs to increase the amount of ground. Buffer, and then slide down the window. Try to minimize the height of the drop and land with your feet first.

7. If you are confident, you can tie one end of the rope (it can also be connected by tearing sheets, etc.) to the window frame, and then slide it down to the ground.

8. When escaping, try to take protective measures, such as covering your mouth and nose with a wet towel and wrapping your body with wet clothes.

9. If your clothes catch fire, you can quickly take off your clothes, or roll on the spot and use your body to extinguish the flames. You can also jump into a nearby pool or river to extinguish the fire. In short, you must Try to reduce the burned area of ??the body and reduce the degree of burns.

10. When a fire occurs, gases that are toxic and harmful to the human body are often produced. Therefore, to prevent smoke poisoning, you should try to stay upwind or protect your mouth, nose and eyes with a wet towel or mask to avoid poisonous smoke. Harmful smoke damage.

4. Fire safety knowledge

20 fire safety tips

1. Parents and teachers should educate children to develop a good habit of not playing with fire. No unit may organize minors to fight fires.

2. Never throw away cigarette butts and tinder.

3. Inflammable and combustible materials should not be used for interior decoration.

4. Fire hydrants are related to public safety and must not be damaged, occupied or buried.

5. Take good care of fire-fighting equipment and master the use of commonly used fire-fighting equipment.

6. Do not bring flammable and explosive items into public places or take public transportation.

7. When entering a public place, pay attention to fire signs and remember the evacuation direction.

8. Keep evacuation routes clear under all circumstances.

9. Anyone who discovers behavior that endangers the fire safety of the public can report it to the public security fire department or public security personnel on duty.

10. Be especially careful when using fire in daily life, and do not place flammable or flammable items near the fire source.

l1. If you find a gas leak, close the valve immediately, open doors and windows, and do not touch electrical switches or use open flames.

12. Electrical circuits that are worn out and aged must be repaired and replaced in time.

13. If the circuit fuse (piece) is blown, do not replace it with copper wire or iron wire.

14. Do not overload electricity.

15. If you find a fire, call l19 immediately. The fire brigade will put out the fire free of charge.

16. People who know the situation at the fire scene should promptly inform the fire fighters about the people and flammable and explosive items surrounded by the fire scene.

17. When a fire strikes, evacuate quickly and don’t be greedy for property.

18. When you have to escape through thick smoke, you should try to wrap yourself in soaked clothes, cover your mouth and nose, and stay close to the ground.

19. If your body is on fire, you can roll on the spot or cover it with heavy clothes to put out the flames.

20. When there is a fire and the door is sealed and it is impossible to escape, you can use soaked bedding, clothing, etc. to block the cracks in the door, splash water to cool down, and call for help.

5. Fire safety knowledge "What to do if there is a fire"

What to do if there is a fire

Objective:

1. Understand Basic fire protection knowledge and learn simple self-rescue methods in fire.

2. Establish fire prevention awareness and improve children's self-protection ability.

Preparation: pictures, projector, TV, red cloth, wet towel, the same as for children, and a toy pistol. One safety exit.

Activity process:

1. Show dangerous pictures to raise questions.

Teacher: "Today the teacher brought you some pictures. Please observe what the children are doing in the pictures? What will happen if you do this?"

1. The teacher shows the projection Show the pictures and let the children speak for themselves.

2. The teacher selects a few introductions.

Teacher summary: Children should not play with fire or candles, as these behaviors are prone to fires.

2. Small experiment "The candle goes out". The teacher asked: "What happens when the lit candle is covered with a cup?"

The teacher observed the children and answered.

Teacher summary: When a fire has just started, you can use rags to put it out, or you can cover it with sand or water-soaked quilts to isolate the air and put out the fire.

3. If a fire breaks out and there is no way to put it out, how should you protect yourself?

Based on experience, children tell several ways to deal with a fire. Show relevant pictures based on the children's stories.

1. Call the police: Don’t panic after a fire breaks out. Call the fire alarm number 119 and report the detailed address of the fire. You can only hang up the phone after getting a clear answer from the fire brigade.

Teachers and children learn to dial 119. The teacher acts as the answerer and requires children to state their location clearly.

2. Escape methods.

In addition to calling the police, what else needs to be done? (Do not take elevators or lifts, quickly find the safe exit and leave the fire scene.)

3. How to leave the fire scene?

Cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel or cloth, bend down and touch the wall to evacuate.

If there is a fire on the floor, when people are on the second floor, they should follow one by one and not go downstairs in a crowd.

Turn off the gas or cut off the power supply to prevent a larger explosion.

Open the window and use brightly colored banners to call for help.

If the fire has burned your body, you should roll on the spot, jump into the water, or use heavy clothing to put out the flames. Do not run.

Teacher summary: When a fire breaks out, children must not panic. They must protect themselves, quickly find a safe exit and leave. When calling the police, they must make it clear where they are. Only after a clear answer can you hang up the phone.

3. Fire drills.

4. Situation: Suddenly the alarm sounded, and the teacher panicked and said: "The child is not good, there is a fire in the kindergarten, let's evacuate the scene quickly." Reminding the children not to panic, finding them on the spot can help us Leave supplies. Teachers and children covered their mouths and noses with wet towels and cloths, bent down and touched the wall to evacuate.

6. Twelve pieces of common sense about safety and fire prevention

Twelve pieces of common sense about safety and fire prevention

One: Smoking in bed is the most dangerous, and all items are basically flammable. The cigarette butt fell on the bedding and started to smoke before there was an open flame.

Second rule: Multi-purpose sockets have many uses, so it’s hard to use them all at the same time. If the load is too large, it will easily catch fire. You will only be afraid of the harm caused.

Three things: Turn on the fan to cool down on hot days, just to cool down day and night. The motor burned out and the power was disconnected, creating a huge hidden danger.

Four tips: Don’t be careless when lighting a candle during a power outage. You will forget it when you are dozing off. Candle wax residue can cause fire, destroying property and injuring people overnight.

Five rules: Electric stoves and pans heat up quickly, and the person using the appliance is not around. A short-circuit in the water caused a fire, causing harm to all the neighbors.

Six things: High-voltage wires under iron trees can easily conduct electricity during thunderstorms. It is common sense to stay away from the rain to avoid electric shock.

Seven: Cotton oil gas paper mill, fireworks are strictly prohibited. Everyone has the responsibility to take precautions, and everything in the country will be safe.

Eight things: Fireworks and gunpowder are gray and black, and the impact and friction show their power. If you violate the rules and act recklessly, you will be blown up.

Nine tips: Operators should pay attention to grinding wheel cutting welding machines. A single spark can start a prairie fire, so be vigilant and don't become paralyzed.

Ten things: Steam boilers are very powerful and will explode if the pressure exceeds the standard. In this case, treat it coldly, open the gate, seal the fire and reduce the air pressure.

Rule 11: Electric fires are forbidden to be hit by water. Water can conduct electricity and people will be hit. If it is too late to cut off the power, professional electric shock operators are available.

Twelve: The hidden danger of thinking is paralysis, and problems arise when nothing happens. A small fire turned into a big disaster, and it was too late to cry and regret in prison.

Hope this helps!

7. Fire safety tips

Next, I will introduce to you what to do in the event of a fire

When escaping from heavy smoke, keep your head down as low as possible. body and cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel.

Don’t jump off the building blindly. You can use ropes or tear sheets into strips, tie them tightly to door and window stalls and heavy objects, and slide down smoothly.

When surrounded by fire and there is no other way to save yourself, you can use flashlights and eye-catching objects to continuously send out distress signals so that the fire brigade can detect them in time and organize rescue.

How do the people upstairs escape when the stairs catch fire?

People tend to panic when there is a fire on the stairs. Especially the people upstairs were so anxious that they didn't know what to do. Once such a fire occurs, you must not be afraid in the face of danger. You must first stabilize your emotions, keep a clear head, and find ways to put out the fire on the spot. For example, if the fire cannot be extinguished immediately, such as pouring water with water or covering it with wet quilts, the fire will become more intense and people will be in danger of being trapped by the fire. At this time, they should try to escape. Sometimes there is a fire in a building, but the stairs are not on fire, but thick smoke often pours into the stairwell. People upstairs can easily have the illusion that the stairs have been cut off and there is no way out. In fact, in most cases, the stairs are not on fire, and everything can be done. Get out of the way. If you are choked by smoke, you can cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel and get close to the floor or simply run away. Even if the stairs are blocked by flames, when there is no way out, you can use wet quilts and other materials as cover to rush out quickly. If the stairs have indeed been burned down by fire and you seem to be in a desperate situation, you should also think calmly whether there are other stairs to take, whether it can be transferred from the roof or balcony, whether you can borrow water pipes, bamboo poles or ropes to slide down. , is it possible to jump down level by level, etc. As long as you use your brain more, you can usually save it.

If children, elderly people, patients, etc. are trapped upstairs, they should be rescued as soon as possible, such as wrapping them up with quilts, blankets, cotton-padded jackets, etc. If there is a rope, use a rope, or if there is no rope, tie it up with a torn sheet, slide down the rope, or throw it on the balcony, roof, etc., and try to escape as soon as possible.

Calling for help is also an important rescue method. People trapped by the fire have no way to get out. When the surrounding people hear the call for help, they will try to rescue them or report the fire brigade to come for rescue.

Ten tips for home fire emergency

1. The first fire is the easiest to put out. Before the fire truck arrives, if you can concentrate all your efforts on rescue, you can often turn the danger into safety.

2. Call the police as early as possible. The earlier you call the police, the smaller the loss will be. Remember the "119" fire alarm number.

3. Put out the fire first, and then move the property. A moment's delay can easily lead to a catastrophe. In the event of a fire, it is not advisable to rescue property first, as you may die of suffocation or lose the opportunity to escape.

4. Only by staying calm and strictly observing order can you retreat safely from the fire. If they rush to be first, crowd each other, block the passages, and trample each other, it will cause undue tragedy.

5. When the passage downstairs is blocked by fire and you have no way to escape, tear the quilt sheets and tablecloth into cloth, form a rope, fasten it to the window sill, and then use the corners of your clothes to protect your palms. abseil down.

6. If there is a fire in the adjacent room, do not open the door. Jump into the window or balcony and call for help or use other methods to escape. Otherwise, hot air and thick smoke will take advantage of the situation and make people suffocate.

7. When the smoke is thick, there is no need to panic. It is better to crawl forward with your knees and elbows on the ground, because there is often fresh air left near the ground. Note that breathing should be small and shallow.

8. If you have to go upstairs, you must hold your breath and go upstairs. Because the rising speed of thick smoke is 3-5 meters per second, and the speed of people going upstairs is 3-5 meters per second, and the speed of people going upstairs is 0.5 meters per second.

9. When escaping, cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel.

You can also use water from a vase, kettle, or goldfish bowl in the room to wet your clothes or cloth to cover your mouth and nose. When escaping with a baby, you can lightly cover his face with a wet cloth, hold him with one hand, and grab the baby with the other hand to escape.

10. The door to the room with fire must be closed tightly before escaping. Especially in buildings and hotels with many residents, adopting this measure can keep flames and smoke within a room and prevent them from spreading rapidly, which can buy you and everyone valuable time.

Preventive measures for fires in public places

In order to effectively prevent fire accidents in public places, in addition to strengthening fire prevention knowledge education for people, the following must also be taken Safety measures:

1. When using electric heating equipment in public places, keep away from flammable materials. For example, the infrared heater used has a very high surface temperature and can easily cause a fire if it is close to flammable substances.

2. The lighting fixtures used must keep a certain safe distance from flammable substances. Otherwise, if the lighting fixture is close to the wooden board or other combustible materials, the danger will be great. Because the surface temperature of the bulb is very high. For example, the surface temperature of a 60W incandescent lamp can reach 135-180°C; the surface temperature of a 100W incandescent lamp can reach 170-220°C. Therefore, when the light bulb is in contact with combustible materials for a long time, it will cause a fire.

3. When people use an electric iron to iron clothes or use a hair dryer to style their hair, they should cut off the power in time after use and place it on a non-combustible base. After the residual heat from the lamp has dissipated, Store it again. Do not put it into the carton immediately after use, otherwise the residual heat will attract other flammable items and cause a fire.

4. After using the soldering iron used by people to repair electrical equipment in public places, they should also unplug the power plug first, and then place it on a non-combustible base or on the cement floor. Never place it on the floor or desk to prevent the temperature from being too high and causing fire on the floor, desk and other combustible materials