The plane flies in cold weather, how to prevent the wings from freezing?

Flight icing will bring many problems and even disasters, so what can be done to prevent aircraft icing? Since the aviation accident caused by icing in flight, human beings have begun to study anti-icing and deicing in flight. As the name implies, anti-icing is to prevent icing in flight, that is, freezing is not allowed in flight; De-icing refers to removing the ice formed during flight, that is, allowing a certain degree of icing during flight without seriously affecting flight safety. So when to prevent ice and when to de-ice?

Anti-icing is generally aimed at some parts where icing will seriously affect flight safety. When icing environmental conditions are detected in flight, the anti-icing system is turned on to prevent the surface of the component from freezing. Under the condition of not affecting flight safety, deicing is generally set for some parts that allow a small amount of icing. These parts can allow a moderate amount of icing. When the icing amount reaches the deicing standard, start the deicing system to remove the icing on the outer surface, and then close the deicing system.

Mechanical deicing system and heating deicing system are commonly used in aircraft deicing methods. Mechanical deicing system is a deicing device that uses mechanical force to remove surface icing, including pneumatic belt deicing and electric pulse deicing. The pneumatic belt deicing system inflates the expansion tube by filling compressed air into the expansion tube, so that the surface ice layer falls off, thus achieving the purpose of deicing; The electric pulse deicing system uses high-energy electric pulses to act on the skin at the deicing site, so that the skin produces a vibration with small amplitude but high frequency, thus achieving the purpose of deicing.

Heating anti/deicing system is the most widely used anti/deicing system at present. According to the heating heat source, it can be divided into hot air anti-icing system, electric heating anti-icing system and heating anti-icing system using other heat sources. Hot air anti-icing system is the most widely used anti-icing system at present, and the hot air comes from the compressor of the engine. When the anti-icing system is turned on, the air release valve is opened, and hot air flows into the parts that need anti-icing through the corresponding pipes to heat the parts, thus achieving the purpose of anti-icing. The electrothermal anti-icing system also achieves the purpose of anti-icing by heating components, but its heat source is converted by electric energy. The electrothermal anti/deicing system does not need to arrange complicated air ducts like the hot air anti-deicing system, nor does it need to consider the flow channel design during heating, so the system layout is relatively simple, and it is easy to effectively control the heating power. The anti/deicing working mode can be set according to the actual situation. In addition, some aero-engine parts use hot lubricating oil to provide anti-icing heat for their anti-icing because of their small size. Usually, this kind of system will introduce the high-temperature oil return of the engine into the internal flow passage of the parts that need anti-icing, which can kill two birds with one stone.